Thermodynamics of Calcite Growth: Baseline for Understanding Biomineral Formation
Abstract
The complexity of biomineralized structures suggests the potential of organic constituents for controlling energetic factors during crystal synthesis. Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the thermodynamic controls on carbonate growth and to measure the dependence of step speed on step length and the dependence of critical step length on supersaturation in precisely controlled solutions. These data were used to test the classic Gibbs-Thomson relationship and provided the step edge free energies and free energy barriers to one-dimension nucleation for calcite. Addition of aspartic acid, a common component in biomineralizing systems, dramatically affected growth morphology and altered the magnitude of the surface energy.
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We thank S. Potapenko for discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Geosciences and Engineering, by Georgia Institute of Technology (DE-FG02-98ER14843) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract W-7405-Eng-48.
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Science
Volume 282 | Issue 5389
23 October 1998
23 October 1998
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Received: 23 July 1998
Accepted: 21 September 1998
Published in print: 23 October 1998
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