Ancient DNA from 8400 Year-Old Çatalhöyük Wheat: Implications for the Origin of Neolithic Agriculture
Fig 2
The hand drawn pictures of ancient seeds from Çatalhöyük and Imamogğlu Höyük.
a) Typical einkorn; hulled domesticated diploid wheat (T. monococcum: identified by EOD & DM); A single seed from Çatalhöyük, originally labeled as an einkorn sample (T. monococcum) (EVI.17, 1962. b) Typical einkorn; hulled domesticated diploid wheat (T. monococcum; identified by EOD & DM); A single seed from Çatalhöyük, originally labeled as an einkorn sample (T. monococcum) (EVI.17, 1962). c) Atypical einkorn; a transition type between einkorn (diploid) and naked wheat (tetra/hexaploid). A single seed from the Çatalhöyük62 sample (T. monococcum) (EVI.17, 1962), identified by D. Martinoli. d) Naked wheat; tetraploid or hexaploid free treshing wheat (T. durum/aestivum). A single seed from the Çatalhöyük62 sample (T. monococcum) (EVI.17, 1962), identified by D. Martinoli. e) Typical emmer; hulled domesticated tetraploid wheat (T. dicoccum; identified by DM); A single seed from Çatalhöyük, originally labelled as an emmer sample, E IV.4, 1961 (T. dicoccum). f) Atypical emmer; a transition type between emmer (tetraploid) and naked wheat (tetra/hexaploid: identified by DM); A single seed from Çatalhöyük originally labeled as an emmer sample E IV.4, 1961 (T. dicoccum) g) Naked wheat; tetraploid or hexaploid free threshing wheat (T. durum/T. aestivum; identified by DM); A single seed from Çatalhöyük, originally labeled as an emmer sample E IV.4, 1961 (T. dicoccum). h) Naked wheat; tetraploid or hexaploid free threshing wheat (T. durum/T. aestivum; identified by EOD); A single seed from the İmamoğlu Höyük sample. i) Naked wheat; tetraploid or hexaploid free threshing wheat (T. durum/T. aestivum; identified by EOD); A single seed from the Patnos sample. EOD: E. O. Dönmez of Department of Biology, Haccettepe University and DM: D. Martinoli, Swiss Biodiversity Forum, Switzerland, Botany (drawn by a commercial graphic artist and further cross-checked by the scientists involved in the study).