Cross-Serotype Immunity Induced by Immunization with a Conserved Rhinovirus Capsid Protein
Figure 4
Immunization enhances effector and memory T cell responses to infection with a more distantly related RV.
Mice were immunized subcutaneously with RV16 VP0 protein plus IFA/CpG or with IFA/CpG adjuvant only and infected intranasally with RV29 or sham PBS-challenged, as described. (a) Lymphocytes in BAL were counted by cytospin assay. (b & c) Total and CD69 expressing CD3+CD4+T cells in BAL (b) and lung (c) were enumerated by flow cytometry. (d & e) Total and CD69 expressing CD3+CD8+T cells in BAL (d) and lung (e) were enumerated by flow cytometry. (f) Lung cells harvested 6 days after intranasal challenge were incubated with the indicated virus, protein, peptide pool or control stimuli and IFN-γ producing cells were measured by ELISPOT assay. (g) Lung cells were stimulated with PMA and ionomycin and intracellular IFN-γ expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry. (h) Graphical data and (i) representative flow cytometry dot plots of CD62L and CD44 memory cell staining of lung CD4+ T cells on day 14 post-infection. n = 4 mice/group. Statistics indicated in a to g are for RV-immunized vs RV-adjuvant groups. ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05.