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I am geochemist and environmental geologistedit
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The sedimentary basin of Podillya (Volyno-Podillya-Moldavia) is situated in the southwest of the Ukrainian crystalline shield and belongs to the middle part of the Upper Neoproterozoic section of the Moguiliv-Podilska Group. By analyzing... more
The sedimentary basin of Podillya (Volyno-Podillya-Moldavia) is situated in the southwest of the Ukrainian crystalline shield and belongs to the middle part of the Upper Neoproterozoic section of the Moguiliv-Podilska Group. By analyzing the primary oxide, trace, and rare-earth element compositions of the phosphate nodules in the area, this study sought to shed light on the potential precipitation characteristics of the Ediacaran Sea, where phosphate nodules were created. The mean major oxide contents of the nodules were 50.8 wt.% CaO, 34.2 wt.% P2O5, 5.29 wt.% SiO2, 4.77 wt.% LOI, 1.69 wt% Fe2O3, 1.63 wt% Al2O3, and 0.35 wt.% MnO. The average trace element concentrations were 183 ppm Ba, 395 ppm Sr, 13.4 ppm Ni, 32.7 ppm Cr, 62.2 ppm Zn, 764 ppm Y, 16 ppm V, 10.8 ppm As, 75.8 ppm Cu, 84 ppm Pb, 2.1 ppm U, 1.7 ppm Th, and 4.2 ppm Co. The trace element contents were generally low and indicated an assemblage of Cu, Y, As, Cd, and Pb enrichments in comparison to PAAS. The total REE con...
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Stromatolites are the oldest recognized fossil recordings of life on Earth. Therefore, their study of them represents one of the most interesting topic that investigates the physio-chemical environmental conditions (formations and... more
Stromatolites are the oldest recognized fossil recordings of life on Earth. Therefore, their study of them represents one of the most interesting topic that investigates the physio-chemical environmental conditions (formations and precipitations) at which the stromatolites formed. This work deals with the rare earth elements (REEs) geochemical characteristics and the redox-sensitive trace elements behavior of the stromatolites newly formed in Salda Lake, a closed system alkaline lake surrounded by serpentinite rocks in SW Turkey. The representative stromatolite samples collected from Salda Lake show higher contents of MgO (up to 41.5 wt.%), CO2+OH (up to 56.6 wt.%), and MgO/CaO ratio (up to 42.2 wt.%) referring to the stromatolites had been controlled by microorganisms and deposited in subtidal areas having hydro-magnesite and aragonite mineralogy. The average trace element contents of the stromatolites are 8.4 ppm V, 0.09 ppm Cr, 3.50 ppm Co, 95.6 ppm Ni, 0.73 ppm Cu, 1.55 ppm Rb, ...
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This study investigated Thallium (Tl) uptake and transport from the soil to different plant parts by documenting the distribution and accumulations of Tl in the roots and shoots of 12 plant species [Alyssum saxatile (AL), Anchusa arvensis... more
This study investigated Thallium (Tl) uptake and transport from the soil to different plant parts by documenting the distribution and accumulations of Tl in the roots and shoots of 12 plant species [Alyssum saxatile (AL), Anchusa arvensis (AN), Centaurea cyanus (CE), Carduus nutans (CR), Cynoglossum officinale (CY), Glaucium flavum (GL), Isatis sp. (IS), Onosma sp. (ON), Phlomis sp. (PH), Silene compacta (SL), Tripleurospermum maritimum (TR), and Verbascum Thapsus (VR)]. All of these plants were growing naturally in surface soils of the Gumuskoy Ag-Pb mining area (Kutahya, Turkey), a region with a mild continental climate. Plant samples and their associated soils were collected and analyzed for Tl contents by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mean values in the soils, roots, and shoots of all plants were 163, 299 and 297 ppm for Tl, respectively. The mean enrichment factors for root (ECR) and shoot (ECS) of these plants were 2.03 and 2.56 for Tl, respectively. T...
This study investigated the geochemistry, mineralogy, fluid inclusion, trace and rare earth element (REE) contents and Pb, O and S isotope results of the barites formed together with Pb-Zn deposits in the region. The Buyukkizilcik barite... more
This study investigated the geochemistry, mineralogy, fluid inclusion, trace and rare earth element (REE) contents and Pb, O and S isotope results of the barites formed together with Pb-Zn deposits in the region. The Buyukkizilcik barite mineralization is located in the west part of Afsin, Turkey and it can be traced through 14 kilometers in NE-SW direction within the Yoncayolu and Cayderesi Formation. The thickness of these mineralized areas reaches 7-8 m, especially in the middle and eastern part of the ore zone. Mineralization is represented by barite-antimonite-fluorite in the western part, pyrite-chalcopyrite in the middle part and galena-sphalerite in the eastern part of the mineralized zone. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that these mineralizations are formed in the epithermal phase of hydrothermal period, with liquids having 4.5 to 2% NaCl salinity values and temperatures of 105 °C to 121 °C. The barite samples were collected from Buyukkizilcik mineralization area for analysis of major oxides, trace elements, and rare earth elements (REEs) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). According to the results of the analysis, it is seen that total trace element contents change from 163 to 20458 ppm and ∑REE contents are between 4.31 and 14.4 ppm. The chondrite- normalized REE patterns of the studied barites exhibit trends decrease from LREE towards HREE and have negative Ce and negative Eu anomalies. The 206Pb/204Pb; 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb isotope values of galena vary between 17.20 and 19.96%o; 14.1 and 16.2%; and 35.4 and 41.9%, respectively. These isotope results show that these mineralizations were originated from upper crust materials. The δ34S values in Buyukkizilcik mineralizations range from 8.2 to 14.4‰. The barite mineralization was formed by hydrothermal activity and that the δ34S values indicate an epithermal phase. The δ18O values of barites are between 17.0 and 18.5‰ and these δ18O values show that the origin of the water displayed in the hydrothermal activity is magmatic and/or magmatic mixed with meteoric water. All results indicate that the barite mineralization was deposited as vein-type by hydrothermal solutions that are transported along fractures and fault zones within the Malatya Metamorphic complexes.
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Geology and Geochemistry
Abstract The Chiatura deposit is considered to be among the largest deposits of metallurgical grade manganese ore in the world, yet its geochemistry is poorly known, which is the focus of this paper. The Oligocene sedimentary Mn deposit... more
Abstract The Chiatura deposit is considered to be among the largest deposits of metallurgical grade manganese ore in the world, yet its geochemistry is poorly known, which is the focus of this paper. The Oligocene sedimentary Mn deposit is located in the Chiatura region of central Georgia and formed in a restricted arm of the Paratethys on stable crystalline basement during a regressive-transgressive cycle. An Oligocene basal conglomerate is overlain by sandstone that is in turn overlain by the ore deposits. The Chiatura sedimentary deposits form horizontal beds, 1.5 to 4 m thick, average 2 m, of which 1 to 1.5 m is high-grade ore, covering an area of some 150 km2. The Chiatura deposit contains three types of ore, primary oxide ores, carbonate ores, and oxidized carbonate ores and this paper focuses on the oxide ores. The common manganese minerals in the oxide ore are manganite, pyrolusite, braunite, and psilomelane, and less commonly bixbyite, rhodochrosite, and vernadite. Eighteen manganese-oxide and four wall-rock (low manganese content) samples were analyzed for geochemistry and found on average 36.6 wt.% MnO, 2.45 wt.% Fe2O3, 23.5 wt.% SiO2, 5.88 wt.% Al2O3, 3.84 wt.% CaO for major oxide concentrations. The mean main trace element concentrations of the samples are 3944 ppm Ba, 946 ppm Sr, 511 ppm Ni, 150 ppm Zn, 94 ppm V, 84 ppm Cu, and 55 ppm Co. These element concentrations are generally low and indicate an enrichment assemblage of V, Ni, Co, Cu, Zr, As, Ba, Cd, Pb, and Zn. The total rare earth element (REE) concentrations of the deposits vary from 83 ppm to 521 ppm (mean 199 ppm). The Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized REE concentrations have similar trends and show heavy REE (HREE) enrichments. All manganese-oxide samples show negative Ce (mean 0.58) and generally positive Eu (mean 1.20) anomalies, except for four samples. These geochemical data indicate that the Chiatura deposit precipitated rapidly in oxic seawater with a characteristic negative Ce anomaly. The carbonate and mixed ores compared to the oxide-hydroxide ores formed in a deeper-water environment of the shallow sea. Further, both Pb isotopic data and chemical discrimination diagrams show that the Chiatura deposit was affected by both hydrothermal activity located in deeper water, and by terrestrial input. The manganese metals in the oxide ores were syngenetically transported to the area of mineralization from deeper waters than the region where the carbonate ores formed.
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Geology and Geochemistry
Abstract Atbara city is located between the Nile and Atbara rivers, approximately 300 km northeast of Khartoum. The Atbara porphyry gold–copper system is situated at eastern part of Atbara about 70 km in the Red Sea Hills, Neoproterozoic... more
Abstract Atbara city is located between the Nile and Atbara rivers, approximately 300 km northeast of Khartoum. The Atbara porphyry gold–copper system is situated at eastern part of Atbara about 70 km in the Red Sea Hills, Neoproterozoic Arabian–Nubian Shield, NE Sudan. The gold‑copper system is observed within different colored quartz veins that fill the tectonic zones in metasomically altered felsic-acidic igneous rocks Gold mineralization in the Atbara is observed in an area of 200 km2 and represented with pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, gold, galena, chalcocite-covellite, tetrahedrite-tennantite, hematite and goethite in the mineralized zone of the study area. The white and brown color quartz veins had E-W, NE-SW and NW-SE directions in these sectors and thickness between 5 and 300 cm. White color quartz samples had low concentration between 0.2 and 1.5 ppm and brown color quartz samples had high gold concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 26.63 ppm. Au does not have positive correlation with other elements, only except for Te and W. In contrast, there is no significant relationship between gold and copper in areas where copper is observed intensively. Cu has positive correlation with Bi, Cd, Pb, U, Hg and Ag. The average ΣREE contents in the hydrothermally altered wall rocks, copper mineralization and the quartz veins ranged from 10.2 ppm for Sector SA (SA, SB, SC, SD, SE and SF are the mining operation areas in the study area), to 14.27 ppm for Sector SB, 1.05 ppm for Sector SC, 20.89 ppm for Sector SD, 3.49 ppm for Sector SE, and 36.33 ppm for the Sector SF. The most of the studied samples have negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies with the LREE enrichment. This showed that it have low oxygen fugacity in the resource area of the hydrothermal solutions and an alkali magmatic source indicating an early stage of magmatic differentiation.
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The Gümüsköy mining area is located about 25 km west of Kutahya and is the largest silver deposit in Turkey. The present study investigated translocation and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) from the soil into 11 native plants. Plant and soil... more
The Gümüsköy mining area is located about 25 km west of Kutahya and is the largest silver deposit in Turkey. The present study investigated translocation and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) from the soil into 11 native plants. Plant and soil samples were collected from the field, and Cd concentrations were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Mean Cd values in the soil, root, and shoot of native plants in the study area were 82.8 ± 5, 55.4 ± 6, and 43.5 ± 4 mg kg− 1, respectively. Plants were separated into several groups according to the enrichment coefficients for shoot and root values of plants. These groups showed Carduus nutans and Phlomis could be potentially bioaccumulator plants useful for phytoremediation of mining soils contaminated by Cd.
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Geotourism is one of the most important tourism sectors that has rapidly developed and become widespread in recent years. Geotourism is defined as tourism that sustains or enhances the distinctive geographical character of a place—its... more
Geotourism is one of the most important tourism sectors that has rapidly developed and become widespread in recent years. Geotourism is defined as tourism that sustains or enhances the distinctive geographical character of a place—its environment, heritage, aesthetics, culture, and the well-being of its residents. The purpose of geotourism is to recognize and protect these natural structures of public, as well as contributing to local and regional development through the emerging species. Geotourism incomes have begun to increase in the total tourism incomes of the countries. There are many places in Turkey that can be considered as possible areas of geotourism. In this scope; Cappadocia fairy chimneys, Manisa Kula volcanic area, Denizli Pamukkale travertines and Bitlis Nemrut Caldera were studied.
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The present study was to investigate the alteration of biochemical and hematological parameters on the rats exposed to natural radiation caused by britholite mineral (REE, Ca, Na)5 [(Si,P)O4]3(OH,F) within 15 days. Britholite was... more
The present study was to investigate the alteration of biochemical and hematological parameters on the rats exposed to natural radiation caused by britholite mineral (REE, Ca, Na)5 [(Si,P)O4]3(OH,F) within 15 days. Britholite was collected from Kuluncak mining area, Malatya, bearing radioactive (232)Th isotope (average 2.68% ThO2), which is rare earth elements found high amounts. Britholite is toxic for the living animal and human and emits the radiation to natural surroundings about 0.8R/h due to its radioactive (232)Th properties. In this study, animals were divided to two groups, one groups exposed to (232)Th, the other group was served as control group. All animals were fed with same food and water during the experimental study (15 days). After 15 days, the hematologic and biochemical parameters (Na, K, Ca, P, Cl, Mg, glucose, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, albumin, Uric acid, AST, ALT, total protein, Fe, urea and creatine level and hormonal parameters (TSH, T3 and T4)) were analyzed The levels of serum triglyceride in the ionizing radiation group generated by (232)Th isotope (p < 0.05) statistically significantly increased compared with control group value. Lymphocytes, TSH, T3 and T4 decreased in the ionizing radiation group generated by (232)Th isotope while neutrophils increased in the ionizing radiation group generated by (232)Th isotope. The rats exposed to ionizing radiation generated by (232)Th isotope caused significant changes in the hematological and biochemical parameters and the most significantly alteration was observed in the thyroid hormonal levels, which might be due to high radiation doses within short time. These results should be kept in mind to maintain healthy life in people who lives in britholite mineral vicinity.
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This study focused on the ability of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba to remove U and Th in the tailing water of Keban, Turkey. These plants were placed in tailing water and individually fed to the reactors designed for these plants. Water and... more
This study focused on the ability of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba to remove U and Th in the tailing water of Keban, Turkey. These plants were placed in tailing water and individually fed to the reactors designed for these plants. Water and plant samples were collected daily from the mining area. The plants were ashed at 300°C for 1 day and analyzed by ICP-MS for U and Th. U was accumulated as a function of time by these plants, and performances between 110 % and 483 % for L. gibba, and between 218 % and 1194 % for L. minor, were shown. The highest Th accumulations in L. minor and L. gibba were observed at 300 % and 600 % performances, respectively, on the second day of the experiment. This study indicated that both L. gibba and L. minor demonstrated a high ability to remove U and Th from tailing water polluted by trace elements.
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Geology and Geochemistry
Boron (B) concentrations were investigated in both shoots and roots of Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium, and Astragalus gummifer grown in soil of the Keban, Turkey, Lead-zinc-copper-fluoride mining area, which has an arid... more
Boron (B) concentrations were investigated in both shoots and roots of Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium, and Astragalus gummifer grown in soil of the Keban, Turkey, Lead-zinc-copper-fluoride mining area, which has an arid climate. Soil B concentrations were also investigated. Plants and their associated soil samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Total B concentrations of soils in the study area were very low (mean: 4.97 mg kg(-1)) as compared with those in surface soils in other countries. Boron concentrations of plant organs were several times higher than those in their associated soils. The mean values of B concentrations in roots of E. macroclada, V. cheiranthifolium, and A. gummifer were 25, 70, and 69 mg kg(-1), respectively, while those in shoots were 75, 115, and 77 mg kg(-1), respectively. Results indicate that roots and shoots of plants grown in soils with low B concentrations can be used both as biomonitors for environmental contamination and biogeochemical indicators for B.
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Gümüsköy Ag (As, Pb and Tl) deposits are one of the largest silver deposits in the country and located about 25 km west of Kütahya, Turkey. This study investigated the accumulation and transport of thallium into 11 wild plants in soil of... more
Gümüsköy Ag (As, Pb and Tl) deposits are one of the largest silver deposits in the country and located about 25 km west of Kütahya, Turkey. This study investigated the accumulation and transport of thallium into 11 wild plants in soil of the mining area. Plant samples and their associated soils were collected from the field and Tl contents were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The mean concentrations in the soil, roots, and shoots of the studied plants were, respectively, 170, 318, and 315 mg kg(-1) for Tl. The plants analyzed and collected from the studied area were separated into different groups based on ECR and ECS values. The results showed that because of their higher ECR and ECS values, the following could be good bioaccumulators: CY, IS, SL, and VR for Tl. Therefore, these plants can be useful used for remediation or phytoremediation of soils polluted by Tl.
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This study presents the results of hydrogeochemical studies carried out in Zeytun thermal springs in Kahramanmaras, located South Middle Anatolia-Turkey. More than 90 thermal water samples were collected on a regular basis from 2006 to... more
This study presents the results of hydrogeochemical studies carried out in Zeytun thermal springs in Kahramanmaras, located South Middle Anatolia-Turkey. More than 90 thermal water samples were collected on a regular basis from 2006 to 2008 to measure element concentrations as a monitor of earthquake precursors. Water samples were analyzed using ICP-MS. The observed B, Ba, Br and Ge concentrations for 16 months are in ranges of 79-422, 103-167, 28-93 and 0.3-1.2 microg x L(-1), respectively. Chloride concentrations for these periods are in range of 7-21 mg x L(-1). The data identify some element anomalies before earthquakes. These anomalies are characterized by decreases up to 158% in Ba and Cl concentrations. The occurrence of these anomalies can be attributed to stress/strain induced pressure changes in the subsurface water systems. It can be suggested that the thermal springs in the fault line area are ideal sites for precursors of earthquakes.
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ABSTRACT (K0.807 Na0.131 Ca0.036 Ba0.027) (Mg1.404 Fe 2+ 0.800 Fe 3+ 0.131 Ti 0.303 Al0.056 Mn0.023) (Si2.832 Al1.167) O10 ((OH)1.976 Cl0.024). The BaO content of electron-microprobe micas is positively correlated with the Al 2O3, TiO2,... more
ABSTRACT (K0.807 Na0.131 Ca0.036 Ba0.027) (Mg1.404 Fe 2+ 0.800 Fe 3+ 0.131 Ti 0.303 Al0.056 Mn0.023) (Si2.832 Al1.167) O10 ((OH)1.976 Cl0.024). The BaO content of electron-microprobe micas is positively correlated with the Al 2O3, TiO2, and FeO contents, and with the I.E., and is negatively correlated with the SiO 2, K2O, and MgO contents. Ba- and Ti-rich micas are generally found in potassic igneous rocks, in subalkaline and alkaline gabbroic rocks and in contact metamorphic rocks, whereas Ba- and Ti-bearing micas in this study occur in calc-alkaline volcanic rocks that hosted manganese-oxide and barite deposits. Most of the phenocrysts analyzed have deficiencies in their octahedral and partly interlayer sites. Deficiencies in the octahedral sites may arise from the Ti-vacancy and partly the Ti-tschermakite substitution. On the other hand, deficiencies in the interlayer-site are due to the replacement of K by Ba. The substitution mechanism in the Mezitler micas is characterized by Ba + 2Ti + 3Al = (K+Na+Ca) + 3(Mg+Fe+Mn) + 3Si, with an excellent correlation coefficient. In terms of aluminum and titanium contents, micas from the Mezitler area lie on a similar trend parallel to that for metasomatic phlogopites from Canary Island xenoliths, which overlap the field for micas from the Ilha da Trindade xenolith, South Atlantic. Biotite compositions from the Mezitler area fall between the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) and nickel-nickel oxide (NNO) oxygen fugacity buff- ers. All these show that Mezitler micas with low to moderate Ba- and Ti-contents may be formed from magmas in a subduction-enriched sub-continental lithospheric mantle environment.
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With respect to degree of toxicity, Tl ranks alongside Pb, Hg, and Cd. Thallium is emitted into the environment due to lead, zinc, and similar mining activities. Studies with regard to Tl concentrations in environmental and plant samples... more
With respect to degree of toxicity, Tl ranks alongside Pb, Hg, and Cd. Thallium is emitted into the environment due to lead, zinc, and similar mining activities. Studies with regard to Tl concentrations in environmental and plant samples are relatively new and rare (1). Plants ...
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This study reports distribution of uranium (U) and thorium (Th) in soil samples and the roots and shoots of some plants grown around an abandoned lead (Pb)zinc (Zn)copper (Cu) mining area. The plants Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum... more
This study reports distribution of uranium (U) and thorium (Th) in soil samples and the roots and shoots of some plants grown around an abandoned lead (Pb)zinc (Zn)copper (Cu) mining area. The plants Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium Boiss, and ...
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... White, PJ, Bowen, HC, Parmaguru, P., Fritz, M., Spracklen, WP, Spiby, RE, Meacham, MC, Mead, A., Harriman, M., Trueman, BM, Smith, LJ, Thomas, B. and Broadley, MR 2004. ... Lyons, GH, Stangoulis, JCR and Graham, RD 2005. ...
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This study was designed to investigate removal efficiencies of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water in a mining area in Keban, Turkey by Lemna gibba L. and Lemna minor L. These plants were placed in the gallery water of Keban Pb-Zn ore... more
This study was designed to investigate removal efficiencies of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water in a mining area in Keban, Turkey by Lemna gibba L. and Lemna minor L. These plants were placed in the gallery water of Keban Pb-Zn ore deposits and adapted individually fed to the reactors. During the study period (8 days), the plant and water samples were collected daily and the temperature, pH, and electric conductivity of the gallery water were measured daily. The plants were washed, dried, and burned at 300 °C for 24 h in a drying oven. These ash and water samples were analyzed by ICP-MS to determine the amounts of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As. The Cu, Pb, Zn and As concentrations in the gallery water of the study area detected 67, 7.5, 7230, and 96 μg L(-1), respectively. According to the results, the obtained efficiencies in L. minor L. and L. gibba L. are: 87% at day 2 and 36% at day 3 for Cu; 1259% at day 2 and 1015% at day 2 for Pb; 628% at day 3 and 382% at day 3 for Zn; and 7070% at day 3 and 19,709% at day 2 for As, respectively. The present study revealed that both L. minor L. and L. gibba L. had very high potential to remove Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water contaminated by different ores.
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This study investigated mercury (Hg) uptake and transport from the soil to different plant parts by documenting the distribution and accumulation of Hg in the roots and shoots of 12 terrestrial plant species, all of which grow naturally... more
This study investigated mercury (Hg) uptake and transport from the soil to different plant parts by documenting the distribution and accumulation of Hg in the roots and shoots of 12 terrestrial plant species, all of which grow naturally in surface soils of the Gumuskoy Pb-Ag mining area. Plant samples and their associated soils were collected and analyzed for Hg content by ICP-MS. Mean Hg values in the soils, roots, and shoots of all plants were 6.914, 460, and 206 μg kg(-1), respectively and lower than 1. The mean enrichment factors for the roots (ECR) and shoots (ECS) of these plants were 0.06 and 0.09, respectively and lower than 1. These results show that the roots of the studied plants prevented Hg from reaching the aerial parts of the plants. The mean translocation factor (TLF) was 1.29 and higher than 1. The mean TLF values indicated that all 12 plant species had the ability to transfer Hg from the roots to the shoots but that transfer was more efficient in plants with higher ECR and ECS. Therefore, these plants could be useful for the biomonitoring of environmental pollution and for rehabilitating areas contaminated by Hg.
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This study investigated selenium uptake and transport from the soil to 12 plant species in the mining area of Gumuskoy (Kutahya), Turkey. Plant samples and their associated soils were collected and analyzed for Se content by ICP-MS. Mean... more
This study investigated selenium uptake and transport from the soil to 12 plant species in the mining area of Gumuskoy (Kutahya), Turkey. Plant samples and their associated soils were collected and analyzed for Se content by ICP-MS. Mean Se values in the soils, roots, and shoots of all plants were 0.9, 0.6, and 0.8 mg kg(-1), respectively. The mean enrichment coefficients for roots (ECR) and shoots (ECS) of these plants were 0.78 and 0.97. The mean translocation factors (TLF) were 1.33. These values indicate that all 12 plant species had the ability to transfer Se from the roots to the shoot, but that transfer was more efficient in plants with higher ECR and ECS. Therefore, these plants may be useful in phytoremediation in rehabilitating areas contaminated by Se because their ECR, ECS and TLFs are >1.
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This study presents the results of hydrogeochemical studies carried out in Zeytun thermal springs in Kahramanmaras, located South Middle Anatolia-Turkey. More than 90 thermal water samples were collected on a regular basis from 2006 to... more
This study presents the results of hydrogeochemical studies carried out in Zeytun thermal springs in Kahramanmaras, located South Middle Anatolia-Turkey. More than 90 thermal water samples were collected on a regular basis from 2006 to 2008 to measure element concentrations as a monitor of earthquake precursors. Water samples were analyzed using ICP-MS. The observed B, Ba, Br and Ge concentrations for 16 months are in ranges of 79-422, 103-167, 28-93 and 0.3-1.2 microg x L(-1), respectively. Chloride concentrations for these periods are in range of 7-21 mg x L(-1). The data identify some element anomalies before earthquakes. These anomalies are characterized by decreases up to 158% in Ba and Cl concentrations. The occurrence of these anomalies can be attributed to stress/strain induced pressure changes in the subsurface water systems. It can be suggested that the thermal springs in the fault line area are ideal sites for precursors of earthquakes.
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Boron (B) concentrations were investigated in both shoots and roots of Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium, and Astragalus gummifer grown in soil of the Keban, Turkey, Lead-zinc-copper-fluoride mining area, which has an arid... more
Boron (B) concentrations were investigated in both shoots and roots of Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium, and Astragalus gummifer grown in soil of the Keban, Turkey, Lead-zinc-copper-fluoride mining area, which has an arid climate. Soil B concentrations were also investigated. Plants and their associated soil samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Total B concentrations of soils in the study area were very low (mean: 4.97 mg kg(-1)) as compared with those in surface soils in other countries. Boron concentrations of plant organs were several times higher than those in their associated soils. The mean values of B concentrations in roots of E. macroclada, V. cheiranthifolium, and A. gummifer were 25, 70, and 69 mg kg(-1), respectively, while those in shoots were 75, 115, and 77 mg kg(-1), respectively. Results indicate that roots and shoots of plants grown in soils with low B concentrations can be used both as biomonitors for environmental contamination and biogeochemical indicators for B.
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Metal intake abilities of Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium Boiss and Astragalus gummifer, which are common and native throughout Turkey and similar locations, were studied in the heavily polluted Keban mining district in... more
Metal intake abilities of Euphorbia macroclada, Verbascum cheiranthifolium Boiss and Astragalus gummifer, which are common and native throughout Turkey and similar locations, were studied in the heavily polluted Keban mining district in Elazig, Turkey. For this aim metal contents of dried plants and soil were determined and correlated. Soils of Keban area have higher than average values for soil, Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, As and Cd contents. All the studied plants take up metals in high amounts - as high as hundreds of times more than averages for non-hyperaccumulator plants. Usually, higher plant metal contents are attained where higher soil metal contents exist. Enrichment factors, which are calculated by dividing metal contents of plant by metal con- tents of soil (= metal content of plant/metal content of soil), are higher in lower soil metal contents. Maximum metal contents in the shoots (as mg kg -1 ) and enrichment factors for Euphorbia are: Mo 260- 1.28, Cu 33-0.18, Pb 76-0.09, Zn...
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Geology and Geochemistry
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The total REE contents of the country rocks, especially the mica- and calc-schists of the Pinarbasi formation at 519 ppm, are higher than those of fluorites. The chondrite normalized REE patterns of country rock and fluorites display... more
The total REE contents of the country rocks, especially the mica- and calc-schists of the Pinarbasi formation at 519 ppm, are higher than those of fluorites. The chondrite normalized REE patterns of country rock and fluorites display generally identical trends. However, fluorite patterns show positive Eu and negative Ce anomaly indicative of low tem- perature and high fo2 conditions. Cross
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ABSTRACT (K0.807 Na0.131 Ca0.036 Ba0.027) (Mg1.404 Fe 2+ 0.800 Fe 3+ 0.131 Ti 0.303 Al0.056 Mn0.023) (Si2.832 Al1.167) O10 ((OH)1.976 Cl0.024). The BaO content of electron-microprobe micas is positively correlated with the Al 2O3, TiO2,... more
ABSTRACT (K0.807 Na0.131 Ca0.036 Ba0.027) (Mg1.404 Fe 2+ 0.800 Fe 3+ 0.131 Ti 0.303 Al0.056 Mn0.023) (Si2.832 Al1.167) O10 ((OH)1.976 Cl0.024). The BaO content of electron-microprobe micas is positively correlated with the Al 2O3, TiO2, and FeO contents, and with the I.E., and is negatively correlated with the SiO 2, K2O, and MgO contents. Ba- and Ti-rich micas are generally found in potassic igneous rocks, in subalkaline and alkaline gabbroic rocks and in contact metamorphic rocks, whereas Ba- and Ti-bearing micas in this study occur in calc-alkaline volcanic rocks that hosted manganese-oxide and barite deposits. Most of the phenocrysts analyzed have deficiencies in their octahedral and partly interlayer sites. Deficiencies in the octahedral sites may arise from the Ti-vacancy and partly the Ti-tschermakite substitution. On the other hand, deficiencies in the interlayer-site are due to the replacement of K by Ba. The substitution mechanism in the Mezitler micas is characterized by Ba + 2Ti + 3Al = (K+Na+Ca) + 3(Mg+Fe+Mn) + 3Si, with an excellent correlation coefficient. In terms of aluminum and titanium contents, micas from the Mezitler area lie on a similar trend parallel to that for metasomatic phlogopites from Canary Island xenoliths, which overlap the field for micas from the Ilha da Trindade xenolith, South Atlantic. Biotite compositions from the Mezitler area fall between the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) and nickel-nickel oxide (NNO) oxygen fugacity buff- ers. All these show that Mezitler micas with low to moderate Ba- and Ti-contents may be formed from magmas in a subduction-enriched sub-continental lithospheric mantle environment.
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ABSTRACT Aquatic plants are used as a practical and effective method to remove toxic elements from secondary-treated municipal wastewater. In this study, Lemna gibba was investigated for its capacity to remove uranium, arsenic, and boron... more
ABSTRACT Aquatic plants are used as a practical and effective method to remove toxic elements from secondary-treated municipal wastewater. In this study, Lemna gibba was investigated for its capacity to remove uranium, arsenic, and boron from secondary effluents. L. gibba was collected from a natural lake in Elazığ, Turkey, then acclimatized to the effluent in situ. The concentration of toxic elements in the plant material was monitored as a function of time for 7 days. L. gibba significantly accumulated the toxic elements, particularly in the first 2 days. Arsenic, uranium, and boron were accumulated in the highest concentrations (133%, 122%, and 40%, respectively). However, in the following days, accumulation levels showed both increases and decreases, most probably due to L. gibba reaching saturation levels.