Ellina Agayar

The present paper concerns the results of computational studying dynamics of the atmospheric pollutants (dioxide of nitrogen, sulphur etc) concentrations in an atmosphere of the industrial cities (Odessa) by using the dynamical systems and chaos theory methods. A chaotic behaviour in the nitrogen dioxide and sulphurous anhydride concentration time series at several sites of the Odessa city is numerically investigated. As usually, to reconstruct the corresponding attractor, the time delay and embedding dimension are needed. The former is determined by the methods of autocorrelation function and average mutual information, and the latter is calculated by means of a correlation dimension method and algorithm of false nearest neighbours. Further, the Lyapunov's exponents spectrum, Kaplan-Yorke dimension and Kolmogorov entropy are computed. It has been found an existence of a low-D chaos in the time series of the atmospheric pollutants concentrations.

Formulation of the problem. The level of atmospheric air pollution in large cities is influenced by a number of factors, among which the most important are the emissions of pollutants into the air, the characteristics of the sources of admixtures, the landscape features, synoptic and meteorological conditions (Vystavnaya, Zubkovych 2014). The influence of the latter is associated with the scattering, washing out and transformation of harmful substances in the atmosphere, as well as the significant variability of their concentrations in space and time. The characteristics of the wind regime (wind direction and velocity), temperature inversions, and formation of low-troposphere currents are among the meteorological factors that most influence the concentrations of contaminants in the layer of atmosphere near the surface (Ivus 2017), (Agayar 2018) Shevchenko 2020). The purpose of the article is to develop and improve methods of forecasting meteorological conditions of atmospheric pollu...

Over the recent decades the research efforts associated with the atmosphere intensified due to the increasing urgency of the problem of global climate change and the impact of anthropogenic factors thereon. Atmospheric moisture, its phase state and moisture exchange play a significant role in the formation of weather and climate. The article analyzes modern circulation conditions over the territory of Transcarpathia in winter over the period from 2007 to 2016 when strong and very strong precipitation was formed. Using the typification  of weather processes over a given region and taking into account the elementary circulation mechanisms (the EСMs) proposed by B. L. Dzerdzeevskyi, V. M. Kurgan and Z. M. Vitvytska the most probable atmospheric processes and types of synoptic situations that create conditions for extreme precipitation in the Transcarpathian region were identified. According to observation data from 9 hydrometeorological stations, 30 hydrological stations and 15 automat...

Introduction. Nowadays the problem of storm winds appears to be a very relevant one in those spheres of human activities related to safety of human living, coastal infrastructure, seafaring, aviation etc. One of the conditions for successful forecasting of strong winds is familiarization with wind characteristics of the study area and with synoptic conditions causing them. The below listed results of research form continuation of previous works for search of a better synoptic classification reflecting completeness of macroscale baric processes causing formation of winds, including strong winds, over the South of Ukraine and also providing an opportunity to forecast winds in a more accurate manner. The purpose of this publication consists in analysis of interaction of large-scale atmospheric circulation with formation of unfavorable weather conditions (strong and very strong winds) on the north-west coast of the Black Sea. Methods and results. The impact of storm winds is significant...

A strong wind significantly affects the living conditions and economic activity of a person and society, because it can cause damage to the communal economy of cities, destroy buildings, and disrupt communication and transport. This research is devoted to the determination of the modern spatiotemporal distribution of strong wind at the stations of the Odesa region for 2005–2020, as well as the circulation and thermodynamic conditions of its strengthening. Revealed the weakening of the wind speed from 3,4 to 2,8 m/s at the stations of the Odesa region for 2005-2020 compared to the previous climatic period of 1961-1990, with the exception of Bilhorod- Dnistrovskyi. Found the intensity of the wind regime decreased most strongly in the south of the region. Determined that strong winds arose mainly over Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, Chornomorsk, and Odesa-AMSC during cyclonic circulation with large baric gradients. Revealed the predominance of stable stratified air with moderate wind shear from...

The relevance of determining the type of circulation and thermodynamic conditions of heavy snowfall in the Lviv region is due to the significant complication of meteorological conditions for aircraft flight due to heavy snowfall. Revealed the significant annual snowfall in the Lviv region from 2011 to 2021 at each station of the region with an increase in the number of cases towards the Carpathian Mountains. Established that heavy snowfall was observed at the stations of the Lviv region once every 3-5 years, with an increase in the number of cases after 2016, and the maximum of the annual flow occurred in February and December. Determined that heavy snowfalls were mainly formed under the influence of the occluded front during the movement or formation of the cyclone center over the northwest of Ukraine within the cold high-altitude baric basin at the level of 500 hPa during the north-west transport of air masses at altitudes from 750 to 3000 m.

The surface wind field are formed by the interaction of general circulation mechanisms with the local physical, geographical and climatic characteristics of the region. The success of the implementation of the different weather models is based on the representativeness of the initial information. The paper presents the results of comparing meteorological data, such as the average monthly speed and direction of the surface wind, from the NCEP / NCAR reanalysis archive with data of surface weather observations for the period from 2015 to 2019. Considering the difficulty of obtaining data, the absence of continuous observations at many meteorological stations in Libya, it was decided to analyze the most complete series of observations for the last period and compare it with the model data of reanalysis. Meteorological stations are located in different geographic regions of Libya (Derna, Zuara, Efren, Misurata, Godames, Jagbub, El-Kufra and Ghat). Based on the monthly average values of ...