Silvana Croope

O presente estudo tem a intenção de contrastar as respostas oficiais da comunidade internacional sobre o direito de migrar vinculado à saúde, em decorrência da pandemia do COVID-19, com a realidade enfrentada pelos migrantes vulneráveis. As recomendações das comissões regionais de proteção de direitos humanos e das organizações internacionais relacionada ao tema da migração são comparadas com os relatos da mídia e de organizações da sociedade civil, verificando-se que não há efetivo cumprimento do respeito aos direitos humanos como exposto nas diretrizes internacionais, especialmente no que tange aos direito à saúde das populações migrantes, as quais acabam em um estado de hipervulnerabilidade mediante a negação de acesso a seus direitos básicos

Objectives: The scope of this research includes the examination of the set of measures related to foreign trade adopted by Brazil in the fight against Covid-19 and enabling the understanding of its dimension and importance. Methodology: Through the bibliographic review, examination of Brazilian legislation, and analysis of public data, the Brazilian foreign trade public policies are researched to combat the current health crisis, as well as reflect on the volume, importance, and impacts of such policies. Results: It was found that Brazil has adopted numerous and essential foreign trade public policies to avoid importing goods’ burdens and bureaucracy, and for the lack of control on exportation to compromise Brazilians' access to the products necessary to combat COVID-19. Furthermore, in the drawback regime, the policy's importance to mitigate the economic impact of the crisis on foreign trade agents was verified. Contributions: This study allows for an understanding of the p...

In this paper, the road network of Akure (a city in south western Nigeria) was studied based on its shortest path properties. Three sections, each measuring 1 square mile, were sampled from the entire road network and developed into graphs using both a primal approach and graph theory in which the intersections and streets were represented as nodes and edges respectively. These graphs were assessed for the edge lengths and shortest paths between nodes from which their edge length distributions, average path lengths and efficiencies were also obtained. It was concluded that the city of Akure is self-organized with small world properties since the network case studies showed small path lengths.

DISCLAIMER: The contents of this working paper reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation University Transportation Centers Program, in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof.

The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation University Transportation Centers Program, in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. UDUTC Final Report

The travel characteristics of commuters in Akure Metropolis were obtained in terms of trip destinations, travel modes, capacity of vehicles used, number of vehicles and the frequency of trips. The travel distance, travel time and cost of travel were also measured. It was found that an average 9,391 intercity trips were generated daily from Akure Metropolis to various destinations out of which Lagos has the highest number of person trips. 77.54% and 22.46% of the total trips were made by bus and car respectively. The socio-economic status of the people was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The analysis results show that people with an average income ranging from N20,001 to N30,000 travel most with public vehicles while people between the ages of 31 and 50 make the highest number of trips. Regression analysis of the trips generated in terms of the travel characteristics produced a model which explained the data to an accuracy of 98.7%.

This paper assesses the topological properties of Akure road network using graph theory. Three 1,609-square meters of different urban street sections were sampled from Akure road network ma p and developed into graphs using the primal approach. The resulting graphs were then described by their adjacency matrices. Investigation into the topological properties of the resulting graphs revealed that the three networks produced possessed small average clustering coefficients of 0.007, 0.016, and 0.026 and small average path lengths of 0.066, 0.088 and 0.062. The paths lengths obtained deviated from one obtained when it was assumed to be randomized. The degree distribution obtained over the networks could not be approximated using either binomial or Poisson distribution. Further investigation revealed Akure road network exhibited a power law degree distribution.

This study identifies a process for assessing the material properties of a fire damaged building so as to determine whether the remains can be utilized in construction or be demolished. Physical and chemical analysis were carried out on concrete and steel samples taken from various elements of the building after thorough visual inspection of the entire building had been conducted. The physical (non-destructive) tests included the Schmidt hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests on the concrete samples, tensile strength test on the steel samples and chemical tests involving the assessment of the quantities of cement, sulphates and chloride concentrations in the samples. A redesign of the building elements was also carried out and the results were compared with the existing design. The non-destructive test results indicated compressive strengths as low as 9.9 N/mm 2 , the tensile strength test indicated a maximum strength of 397.48 N/mm 2 and the chemical test indicated chloride con...

In this paper, the road network of Akure (a city in south western Nigeria) was studied based on its shortest path properties. Three sections, each measuring 1 square mile, were sampled from the entire road network and developed into graphs using both a primal approach and graph theory in which the intersections and streets were represented as nodes and edges respectively. These graphs were assessed for the edge lengths and shortest paths between nodes from which their edge length distributions, average path lengths and efficiencies were also obtained. It was concluded that the city of Akure is self-organized with small world properties since the network case studies showed small path lengths.

The Nation’s capability for maintaining and improving infrastructure systems and assuring continued critical infrastructure systems’ services has received special attention in the United States of America, largely due to recent disasters with significant impacts. A large number of research and policy studies have been conducted to develop methods to improve protection of critical infrastructure. One approach is to reduce the vulnerability of places and infrastructure systems through mitigation strategies that increase system resilience or resistance to the stresses imposed by disasters. Improving resiliency requires a system of systems approach because of its complexity. Critical infrastructure not only responds to the needs of society for the smooth daily continuation of activities, but also provides the basis on which society exists and relies. To address this complex problem a decision support system to develop critical infrastructure resilience strategies is needed. One such decision support system analyzes the problem using system dynamics. The Critical Infrastructure Resilience Decision Support System (CIR-DSS) developed in this research recognizes the impact of disasters including damage and disruption to critical infrastructure and loss of life. CIR-DSS development involves: a) understanding the operations and management of critical infrastructure, b) development of a framework to capture these processes, c) development of the model framework, d) development of the model, e) development of the model’s interface, and f) the communication of the model results including risk and a cost benefit analysis of alternative strategies. A case study is used to test and validate the approach of the CIR-DSS framework. The CIR-DSS development takes advantage of existing software such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Hazards U.S. Multi-Hazard (HAZUS-MH), a tool to assess the impacts of natural hazards, and Structural Thinking, Experiential earning Laboratory with Animation (STELLA), a tool to build Systems Dynamics models. The case study used to test and validate the CIR-DSS approach is based on a real disaster that occurred in Sussex County, Delaware in 2006. The case study demonstrates: 1)

This paper describes how infrastructure is defined as the network of physical structures and information that support a continual flow of goods, information, and services. Infrastructure is essential to maintain quality of life, economic growth and national security. Possible disruptions to services supported by physical infrastructure can affect the functions of daily life, businesses and government activities. Such disruptions can also have cascading or escalating effects throughout a country’s economy and social infrastructure. This paper introduces the basic concepts of infrastructure interdependencies and critical infrastructure management compared with infrastructure management concepts applied to a single type of infrastructure, the need to capture the complex interactions between different types of infrastructure, and the recent advances in critical infrastructure management.

Este estudo analisa o processo de inserção do aglomerado metropolitano de Curitiba nas redes globais considerando o período a partir da década de 90, quando esse processo se intensifica. Parte do conceito de redes e analisa a reestruturação produtiva local, com foco no setor de serviços e na dinâmica do mercado de trabalho local. Nesse período, Curitiba consolida a integração da sua área urbana às de algumas cidades vizinhas em função de intensificação de seus relacionamentos, conferindo uma nova dimensão espacial, urbana e de serviços à metrópole. Curitiba sofreu alterações na configuração do seu mercado de trabalho do setor serviços (empresas e profissões), mas sem inserção direta intensa nas redes globais.

The level of safety of the transportation system in Akure, Nigeria was assessed by identifying the associated road safety problems and developing the corresponding safety performance indicators. These indicators were analysed with respect to accidents that occurred within the city from the year 2005 to 2009 based on the corresponding attributable risk measures. The results of the analysis showed the state of existing safety programs in Akure town. Six safety performance indicators were identified namely alcohol and drug use, excessive speeds, protection system (use of seat belts and helmets), use of day time running lights, state of vehicles (passive safety) and road condition. These indicators were used to determine the percentage of injury accidents as follows: 83.33% and 86.36% for years 2005 and 2006 respectively, 81.46% for year 2007 while years 2008 and 2009 had 82.86% and 78.12% injury accidents respectively.

The nation's capacity for maintenance and improvement of infrastructure systems and its ability to maintain and improve infrastructure systems and ensure the continued service of critical infrastructure systems are receiving special attention because recent disasters have had a significant impact on critical infrastructure. These critical infrastructure systems are the foundation of the nation's economic and social systems. Much research and many policy studies have been conducted to develop methods to improve protection of critical infrastructure with a focus on decreased vulnerability. This paper describes the development of a framework for a decision support system. The objective of the decision support system is to reduce the vulnerability of places and infrastructure systems through the use of mitigation strategies that increase system resilience and resistance to the stresses imposed by disasters. The decision support system will also provide an understanding of the ma...

... Files: UTC, TRIS. Media Type: Digital/other. Pagination: 153p. Authors: Croope, Silvana. McNeil, Sue. University of Delaware, Newark. Deliberty, Tracy. Nigg, Joanne. Publication Date: 2010-6. Corporate Authors: Delaware Center for Transportation. ...