Official Handbook 1965/66. International Amateur Athletic Federation. by The Marshal

PUBLICATIONS OF THE I.A.A.F.

I.A.A.F. Handbook 1965/66 (English Edition). Price 9s. (lOs. post free) I.A.A.F. Handbook 1965/66 (French Edition). Price 9s. (lOs. post free) I.A.A.F. World, European and Olympic Record Book with supplement Price 7s. (7s. 6d. post free) Supplement (if supplied separately). Is. 6d. post free. I.A.A.F. Scoring Table for Men's Track and Field Events (Full Edition). Price IOs. (lis. post free) I.A.A.F. Scoring Table (Decathlon Events only). Price 7s. 6d. (8s. 6d. post free) I.A.A.F. Scoring Table for Women's Track and Field Events. Price 3s. 6d. (4s. post free) NOTE.-DISCOUNTS ON ABOVE PUBLlCATIONS:-

Orders for 6 copies and over of any olle publicalion-2t% discount Orders for 10 copies and over of any olle publication-lO% discount.

Orders for 100 copies and over of any olle publication-15% discount. Orders for 200 copies and over of any olle publicalion-25% discount. Metric Conversion Table compiled by H. M. Abrahams, pUblished by "World Sports." Price Is. per copy Designs for 400m. Track and Field Terrain (9 Designs) complete set-Â£10 IOs. (including postage) Copies of these publications can be obtained from the INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION, WINDSOR HOUSE, 46, VICTORIA STREET, LONDON, S.W.I This Handbook is copyright and no part may be reproduced without the permission of the Council of the International Amateur Athletic Federation.

I t

INTERNATIONAL AMA TEUR ATHLETIC FEDE RATI ON

I I I

l I

OFFI CIAL HAND BOOK

1965/66

2 FOREWORD

CONTENTS I Foreword The Federation History ... .., Officers, Council, Committees, Commissions Panel of International Walking Judges Veterans List of Members .. ,

Rules

Page

DIVISION

II Constitution of I.A.A.F. Eligibility and Amateur Status

5 9 14 15 17

DIVISION

1- 13 51- 55

35 51

101-102 111-126 141-149 161-168 171-175 181-185 191-192 195

57 57 69 86 108 115 121 124

201-216

126

IV Olympic Games ... ... ... ... 301-311 European Championships, Records, and 351-366 Cup Competitions

149

DIVISION

III

International Competitions General Section I Officials " II Competition Rules (General) " III Running Events " IV Jumping Events " V Throwing Events ... " VI Walking Events " VII Combined Events "VIII Specifications for Official Implements and Apparatus DIVISION

DIVISION

Statistics List of Events for which World Records are recognised .. , ... ... World Track and Field Records European Track and Field Records '" Olympic Games Records ... ... World Championships INDEX

155

167 169 176 182 185 at end of book

Once again it is my pleasant task to present to you the official Handbook of the International Amateur Athletic Federation for 1965/66. 1964 once again has been a year of remarkable progress. We now have 127 affiliated members. The main event of the year was of course the Olympic Games, and here the standard of performance once more showed enormous progress. The year has not been without its problems, particularly in asserting the authority of your International and National Federations to decide as to who competes in our international competitions. This was in connection with a violent attack made by outside bodies at GANEFO. Here a number of competitors, although warned of the consequences, took part without the permission of their National Federations and, as a result, forfeited their right to compete in our type of sport. The Congress showed magnanimity in shortening this sentence to that of one year, and it is hoped that in the light of the suspension we shall not be faced with this problem again. I would like to pay a high tribute to the devoted service of our Honorary Secretary, Mr. D. T. P. Pain, the Honorary Assistant Secretary, Mr. F. W. Holder, and the staff for the very hard work and long hours that they put in so cheerfully in ensuring the efficient working of the I.A.A.F. on our behalf. I am happy also to be able to inform you that our other Honorary Assistant Secretary, Mr. D. G. Caswall, is now rapidly recovering from his indisposition. During the past year we have lost through death our Honorary Life President, Mr. Sigfrid Edstrom (Sweden) and five of our Veteran Members-Harold Berliner (U.SA), Paul M6ricamp (France), I Miettinen (Finland), Karl Ritter von Halt (Germany) and Bruno Zauli (Italy). We send our sincere sympathy to their families.

In pursuance of our policy of the worl?, the Council will hold Its next meetlllg III New York III the autumn and in the meanwhile your President and Hon. Secretary are attending a most important gathering in Lausanne in April between PresIdents and Sec!etaries of the International FederatIOns and the ExecutIve Board of the I.O.C. May I conclude by wishing our members all success in the coming years. EXE1'E'R, President March 1965 46 Victoria Street, London, S.W.I.

NOTE.-This edition of the Handbook includes a new comprehensive index, and the Rules have bee.n renumbered to facilitate ease of reference. Gaps zn the sequence of Rule numbers have been left at the end of each section to allow for future new rules. Thanks are due to the AA.V . of Australia for their valuable assistance in compiling the new index. Amendments to Rules approved by Congress, 1964, are indicated by vertical lines in the margin.

mSTORY On 17th July, 1912, representatives from the athletic associations of Australasia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Norway, and United States of America met in Stockholm to dIscuss the possibility of forming an International Amateur Athletic Federation the need for which had become apparent owing to' the development in international contests and the Olympic Games. A universal cod.e. of rules and regulations and a common amateur defimtloll acceptable throughout the world had become essential. It was also desired to establish an authentic register of World and Olympic records. Under the patronage of H.R.H. The Crown Prince of Sweden a provisional committee was formed comprising Messrs. J. Sigfrid Edstrom (Sweden) as President, Kristian Hellstrom (Sweden) as Honorary Secretary, Carl Diem (Germany), P. L. Fisher (Gt. Britain), Pierre Roy (France), S. Stankovits (H;ungary), and SuIlivan (United States of Amenca), and followmg theIr deliberations the inaugural meeting of the I.A.A.F. took place in the Preussiches Abgeordnetenhaus, Berlin, 20th23rd August, 1913, when the following countries were represented: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Umted Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and United States of America. The first officers and members of the Council to be elected were: President, Mr. J. Sigfrid Edstrom; Hon. Secretary-Treasurer, Mr. Hellstrom; of Council Messrs. C. DIem (Germany), P. L. FIsher (United F. Reichel (France), S. Stankovits (Hungary), J. E. SulIivan (U.SA ). Since those early days much has been accomplished. The steady growth of the Federation in the two

6 prior to 1939 accelerated during the post-war years and at the Twenty-fourth Congress in Tokyo in 1964 the countries in affiliation with the Federation numbered 127. In many of the countries recently affiliated the sport is still in its early stages of development and every effort is being made by the Federation to promote its growth. A notable development in international athletics has been the growth of continental and regional games in recent years, and these are of considerable value in the development of athletics in those countries where sport is still young. The LA.A.F. has been able to give considerable assistance to the organisers of these games. Without question, the control exercised by the Federation during its fifty years of existence has been of much benefit to the sport and there is ample evidence of even greater advance in the future. With ever-increasing activity throughout the world the need for decentralisation has become evident. A move towards this was made when the European Committee was formed, with a primary function of organising and carrying through the European Championships every four years. While the concern of the European Committee is the organising of championships confined to track and field athletics, in other continents a full programme of regional games is carried out and here the Federation is able to give considerable assistance and technical advice through its observers. The growth of women's athletics during the post-war years has been most marked and a great deal of study in those countries where it is practised, has been devoted to the physiological aspect of the sport as it concerns women athletes. In 1962 as the result of recommendations from a committee to study cross-country running from an international point of view the competition rules of the LA.A.F. were enlarged to include regulations to govern this important side of athletics.

The 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, which are the World Championships of the I.A.A.F., high-lighted the immense improvement in the standard of performance even by comparison with those of 1960. In the 36 athletic events in the stadium the existing world record was bettered 12 times and the Olympic record on more than 100 occasions. Particularly notable was the increased participation from many of the new members from Africa and the high standard of performance of many of their athletes was a most encouraging sign for the future of the sport. In a live and expanding organisation considerations of finance invariably bear heavily on the executive. The International Olympic Committee decided to hand over half the revenue which it received from the live television rights at the Olympic Games to the International Federations which designate them as their World Championships. The Council is engaged in arranging a scheme to provide first class coaching on an international basis, the aim being to assist countries newly entering into athletics to set up their own coachin a organisations on a national basis. 0 TheLA.A.F. in recent years and particularly since 1962 has encountered the undesirable and indeed dangerous incursion of politics into the realm of sport. It has taken the lead in instituting firm measures to combat this evil and it is hoped that in partnership with the International Olympic Committee and the other International Federations, the efforts to ensure that the benefits of sport may be enjoyed by all amateurs irrespective of colour, creed or political beliefs may be successful.

9 INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION FOUNDED in 1912 Postal Address: Windsor House, 46, Victoria Street. London, S.W.!, England. Telegraphic Address: "Marathon," London, S.W.I. SULIivan 553 I. Telephone Number: President: THE MOST HON. THE MARQUESS OF EXETER, K.C.M.G.

Honorary Life Vice-Presidents: Bo EKELUND E. J. H. HOLT, C.M.G., C.B.E.

Honorary Secretary-Treasurer:

D. T.

P. PAIN, M.B.E.

COUNCIL

The Most Hon. The Marquess of Exeter, K.C.M.G., President, I.AAF., Windsor House, 46 Victoria Street, London, S.W.l, England. D. T. P. Pain, Hon. Secretary-Treasurer, I.AAF., Windsor House, 46 Victoria Street, London, S.W.!, England. K. Asano, 1-4-21 Higashi, Kichijoji, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan. J. C. da Costa, Rua Miguel Couto 51, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. M. Danz, OchsenaIlee 1/2, Kassel, West Germany. D. J. Ferris, AAU. of US.A, AAU House, 231 West 58th Street, New York 10019, USA L. Khomenkov, Light Athletic Federation of the US.S.R., Skatertnyi pereulok 4, Moscow 69, US.S.R.

J. Lindahl, Svenska Fri-Idrottsforbundet, Humlegardsgatan 17, Stockholm 0, Sweden. G. Oberweger, Viale Pinturicchio 34, Rome, Italy. A. Paulen, Akerstraat 7a, Treebeek (L), Netherlands. J. Sir, Kekgolyo uA, Budapest XII, Hungary. T. Tulikoura, Haapaneimenkatu 10 A 18, Kuopio, Finland. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE

A. Paulen, President, Akerstraat 7a, Treebeek (1.), Netherlands. L. Khomenkov, Vice-President, Light Athletic Federation of the U.S.S.R., Skatertnyi pereulok 4, Moscow 69, U.S.S.R. A. Takac, Hon. Secretary, Federation Yougoslave d'Athletisme, Str. Bana 7a, Box 475, Belgrade, Yugoslavia. E. Bosak, Czechoslovak Athletic Section, Na Poi'ici 12, Praha 1, Czechoslovakia. J. C. G. Crump, 166 Stoneleigh Park Road, Ewell. Surrey, England. M. Danz, Ochsenallee 1(2, Kassel, West Germany. C. Forys, u.!. Polna 3a, M. 30, Warsaw, Poland. E. Hermes, Ligue Royale Beige d'Athletisme, 61 (63 rue du Marche-aux-Herbes, Brussels, Belgium. J. Lindahl, Svenska Fri-Idrottsforbundet, Humlegardsgatan 17, Stockholm 0, Sweden. A. MJ<lst. Hans Overlands Vei 49 B. Hovik, Baerum, Norway. R. Piirto, Oulunkylantie 29, Helsinki-Kapyla, Finland. E. Rose, Rolighedsvej 22, Copenhagen V, Denmark. J. Sir, Kekgolyo uA, Budapest XII, Hungary. P. Stassano, Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera. Palazzo delle Federazioni, Viale Tiziano, 70, Rome, Italy. P. TonelIi, Federation Fran"aise d'Athletisme, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IXe, France.

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

H. M. Abrahams, Chairman, 64 Abingdon Road, London, W.8, England. D. T. P. Pain, Hon. Secretary, LA.A.F., Windsor House, 46 Victoria Street, London, S.W.l, England. E. Clemme, Ligue Royale BeIge d'Athletisme, 61(63 rue du Marche-aux-Herbes, Brussels, Belgium. P. Dasriaux, Federation Fran"aise d'Athletisme, 32, Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IXe, France. J. W. Davies, 3449 Vendome Avenue, Montreal 28. Quebec, Canada. W. Gerutto, 01 Walecznych 36 a m 4, Warsaw, Poland. A. Jorbeck, Erik Sandbergsgaten 17, Solna, Sweden. J. Lehtinen, Sandelsinkatu 6, Helsinki, Finland. O. Massimi, Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera, Viale Tiziano 70, Rome, Italy. A. Hans Overlands Vei 49 B. Hovik, Baerum, Norway. M. Oda, 26-12 Kamiyama-cho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. J. D. Pardivala, Cabinet Cottage, Tardeo, Bombay, India. A. Paulen, Akerstraat 7a, Treebeek (1.), Netherlands. W. Pollmans, 46 Dortmund, Schwanenwall 18. West Germany. E. Rose, Rolighedsvej 22, Copenhagen V, Denmark. V. Sadovskiy, Light Athletic Federation of the U.S.S.R., Skatertnyi pereulok 4, Moscow 69, U.S.S.R. P. Sober, 1540 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10036. U.SA

12 WOMEN'S COMMISSION

Mme. Z. Romanova, President, Light Athletic Federation of the US.S.R., Skatertnyi pereulok 4, Moscow 69, V.S.S.R. Miss J. Bellew, 1224 Whitaker Way, Mento Park, California, US.A . H. Birkemeyer, Scharnweber Str. 11, Berlm-Hohenschonhausen, East Germany. N. Carlius, St. Pedersgatan 11, Halsingborg, Sweden. E. Dudzinski, VI Bzeznicza 14 m 59, Krakow; Poland. Miss G. M. Hartman, 41 Hayward Court, Levehurst Way, London, S.W.4, England. Mrs. D. 1. Magee, 26 French Street, Maroubra, N.S.W., Australia. J. H. Moerman, Brinkstraat 53 by. Amsterdam-O, Netherlands. P. Schmoll, Federation Fran<;:aise d'Athletisme, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IXe, France. P. Stassano, Federazione Italiana di AtIetica Leggera, Viale Tiziano 70, Rome, Italy. Mrs. D. Zatopkova, U pujcovny 8, Praha 1, Czechoslovakia. CROSS-COUNTRY COMMISSION

E. Hermes, Chairman, Ligue Royale Beige d'Athletisme, 61/63 rue du Marche-aux-Herbes, Brussels, Belgium. D. T. P. Pain, Hon. Secretary, 1.AAF., Windsor House, 46 Victoria Street, London, S.W.l, England. *E. Clemme, Ligue Royale Beige 61/63 rue du Marche-aux-Herbes, Brussels, Belgmm. J. C. G. Crump, 166 Stoneleigh Park Road, Ewell, Surrey, England. G. Diamanti, Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera, Viale Tiziano 70, Rome, Italy. C. Eins, Im Bogen 12, Potsdam, East Germany.

H. Meley, Federation Fran<;:aise d'Athletisme, 32, Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IXe, France. tV. Maltopol, Federatia Romina de Atletism, Str. Vasile, Conta No. 16, Bucarest, Roumania. *G. L. N. Dunn, " Woodlin," 5, Granta Terrace, Stapleford, Cambridgeshire. *D. El Aoufir, Federation Royale Marocaine d'Athletisme, 4 Rue Charles Tissot, Rabat, Morocco. MODERN PENTATIlLON COMMITfEE

D. Hull, AAU. of the U.SA, AAU House, 231 West 58th Street New York, N.Y. 10019, V.SA B. Lindman, Skeppargatan 7, Stockholm 0, Sweden. WALKING COMMISSION

G. Oberweger, President, Viale Pinturicchio 34, Rome, Italy. . D. T. P. Pain, Hon. Secretary, LAA.F., Wmdsor House, 46 Victoria Street, London, S.W.!, England. B. Fehervari, Bokanvi Dezso utca 3, Budapest VI, Hungary. . A Libotte, Viganello, Lugano, SWItzerland... E. Linde, Torstenssonsgatan 3, Stockholm 0, Sweden. S. Nishida, 877 Shimoda-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Japan. P. Stepanenko, Light Athletic Federation of the V.S.S.R., Skatertnyi pereulok 4, Moscow 69, US.S.R. k' H. Sulak, V. Rajske zahrady 6, Praha 3, J. B. Tigerman, Route I, Box 169, Terry, MISSISSIPPI, USA M. Weber, Schenkendorfstr. 9, Leipzig S 3, East Germany. H. H. Whitlock, 126 Chinnor Crescent, Greenford, Middlesex, England. 'Nominees of International Cross-Country Union. tNominee of Balkan Cross-Country Committee.

PANEL OF INTERNATIONAL WALKING JUDGES (Approved by Congress-Tokyo, 1964)

Australia J. A. Larkin. P. S. McCavanagh. F. McGuire. V. B. Sharp. Bulgaria V. Vladimirov. Czechoslovakia O. Louda. F. Mikes. H. Sulak. J. Svoboda. Z. Trefny. F. Vobovip. Denmark P. Lassen.

Sweden Great Britain & N. Ireland G. Andersson. W. F.Amer. R. Carlson. H. S. Basset!. H. Ekenmyr. W. Batson. F. Eriksson. N. W. Easlea. G. Grandin. J. Hackwood. A. Kallenheim. W. J. Harris. W. Linde. S. Pryor. B.Ohren. E. Staker. N. Sagrelius. H. H. Whitl\lck. A. Thureson. C. Widen. Hungary P. Bacsalmasi. B. Fehervari. Switzerland S. Lazlo. W. Furrer. L. Majzik. A. Libotte. F. Simek. F. Schwab. L. Vaczi.

East Germany W. Horlemann. M. Weber.

Italy A. A. G. F.

Finland M. W. Hyytiainen.

Japan K. Narita. N. Tsuda.

France H. Clermont. M. Royer.

Netherlands A. F. C. Toscani.

Germany H. Stah!.

Norway P. Baarnaas. T. Reinertsen.

Bollini. Callegari. Oberweger. Porta.

U.S.S.R. A. Fruktov. A. Issurin. N. Kallinin. P. Kozlovski. A. Mikhailov. F. Renne!. A. Starikov. P. Stepanenko. M. Tomalin. U.S.A. P. Jachelski. R. Rappaport. J. B. Tigerman.

VETERANS OF THE I.A.A.F. H.M. The King of Sweden. The Most Hon. The Marquess of Exeter, K.C.M.G. (Great Britain and Northern Ireland). Harold M. Abrahams, C.B.E. (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). Kinichi Asano (Japan). Harold I. Austad (New Zealand). Avery Brundage (U.S.A.). Emile Clemme (Belgium). Ernest H. L. Clynes, O.B.E. (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). Jack C. G. Crump, O.B.E., J.P. (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). J6ao C. da Costa (Brazil). Max Danz (Germany). Jack W. Davies (Canada). Bo Ekelund (Sweden). Dan J. Ferris (U.SA). Czeslaw Forys (Poland). Giovanni Guabello (Italy). Francis Guilleux (France). Edouard Hermes (Belgium). Ernest J. H. Holt, C.M.G., C.B.E. (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). Nicolai Kalinin (U.S.S.R.). U. Kekkonen (Finland). Leonid Khomenkov (U.S.S.R.). Karel Knenicky (Czechoslovakia). Stan Leeder (New Zealand). Bo Lindman (Sweden). Naili Moran (Turkey). Dino Nai (Italy). George Oberweger (Italy). Donald T. P. Pain, M.B.E. (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). Jal Pardivala (India).

16 Adrian Paulen (Netherlands). Lauri Pihkala (Finland). Mme. Z. Romanova (U.S.S.R.). Jean R. Seurin (France). Joseph Sir '(Hungary). G. D. Sondhi (India). Artur Takac (Yugoslavia). Olav Tendeland (Norway). Pierre Tonelli (France). " Hugh Weir, C.B.E. (Australia).

Deceased Sir Harry J. Barda y (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). WiIliam M. Barnard (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). Harold Berliner (USA ) Friedrich Burger (Germany). J. E. Chryssafis (Greece). Charles J. Dieges (U.5A ). Carl Diem (Germany). J. Sigfrid Edstrom (Sweden). Leopold Englund (Sweden). Tage Ericson (Sweden). J. Genet (France). Kristian Hellstrom (Sweden). Murray Hulbert (U.SA ). Evan A. Hunter (South Africa). G. Jurgenson (France). Hilding Kjellman (Sweden). Gustavus T. Kirby (USA ). S. Kishi (Japan). Joe B. MacCabe (USA ). E. S. Marks (Australia). Paul Mericamp (France). J. G. Merrick (Canada). Justus W. Meyerhof (Germany). Lauri Miettinen (Finland). F. A. Moran (Eire). Mogens Oppegaard (Norway).

17 Franz Reichel (France). Karl Ritter von Halt (Germany). Oscar Rosenvinge-Kolderup (Norway). F. W. Rubien (USA ). Johannes Runge (Gennany). G. V. A. Schofield (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland). Szilard Stankovits (Hungary). Robert M. Thompson (USA .). Hermann Wraschtil (Austria). Bruno Zauli (Italy). LIST OF MEMBERS The letters in parenthesis denote the grouping of the member country (Rule 8) ADEN (D) Aden Sports Association, P.O. Box 4238, Aden. Founded 1936. AFGHANISTAN (C) National Olympic Federation, Kabul, Afghanistan. Cables: Olympic, Kabul. Founded 1930. ALBANIA (D) Komiteti I Keshillit Te Pergjitheshem Te BFSSH, Tirane, Albania. Cables: BFSSH, Tirana, Albania. Founded 1930. ALGE RIA (D) Federation AIgerienne d'Athletisme, 60 rue Larbi-Ben-M'hidi, AIger, Algeria. Founded 1963. ARGE NTIN E (B) Confederacion Argentina de AtIetismo, San Juan 532, Buenos Aires, Republic of Argentina. Cables: Cada, San Juan 532, Buenos Aires. Founded 1954.

AUSTRALIA (A) Amateur Athletic Union of Australia, 41 CarIingford Road, Epping, N.S.W., Australia. Cables: Amathunion, Sidney. Founded 1897. AUSTRIA (C) Osterreichischer Leichtathletik-Verband, Vienna IV, Prinz Eugenstrasse 12, Austria. Cables: oLV Wien. Founded 1902. BAHAMAS Bahamas Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box (MS) 5517, Nassau, N.P., Bahamas. Cables: Amathletic, Nassau. Founded 1952. BELGIUM (B) Ligue Royale BeIge d'Athletisme, 61-63 rue du Marche-aux-Herhes, Brussels, Belgium. Cables: Belgathletic-Bruxelles Founded 1889. BERMUDA (D) Bermuda Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 240, Hamilton, Bermuda. Founded 1946. BOLIVIA Federacion AtIetica de Bolivia, Casilla 754, La Paz, Bolivia. Cables: FedatIetica, La Paz.

(D)

Founded 1929.

BRAZIL (B) Confederacao Brasileira de Desportos, Caixa Postal 1078, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cables: Desportos, Rio de Janeiro. Founded 1914. BRITISH GUIANA (D) AAA & c.u. of British Guiana, 117, Third Street, Alberttown, Georgetown, British Guiana. Cables: Athlete, Demerara. Founded 1948.

BRITISH HONDURAS (D) British Honduras Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 103, Belize, British Honduras, C.A Cables: "Three A" Belize, British Honduras. Founded 1956. BRUNEI (D) Brunei Amateur Athletic Association, clo Brunei Shell Petroleum Co. Ltd., Seria, State of Brunei. Cables: BAAA, clo Brunshell, Seria. Founded 1953. BULGARIA (B) Federation Bulgare d'Athletisme, Tolboukhine 18, Sofia, Bulgarie. Cables: Besefese Sofia Founded 1949. BURMA Burma National Amateur Athletic Federation, clo Burma Olympic Association, Aungsan Memorial Stadium, Rangoon, Burma. Founded 1947. CAMEROONS (D) Federation Camerounaise d'Athletisme, B.P. 353, Yaounde, Republique Federale du Cameroun. Founded 1959. (A) Amateur Athletic Union of Canada, Box 71, Station" B ", Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Cables: Amateur. Founded 1889. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (D) Federation Centrafricaine d'Athletisme, B.P. 253, Bangui, R.CA Cables: Fedath, Bangui. Founded 1962. CEYLON (C) Ceylon Amateur Athletic Association, clo Major B. C. Henricus, Military Police Headquarters, Echelon Square, Colombo, Ceylon. Founded 1922.

20 (C) CHILE Federacion Atletica de Chile, Casilla No. 820, Santiago de Chile. Founded 1917. Cables: Fedachi. (C) COLOMBIA Asociacion Colombiana de Atletismo, Apartado Aero No. 6024, Bogota 1, Colombia. Cables: Ascodatle, Bogota. Founded 1937. CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) (D) Federation Congolaise d'Athletisme, RP. 2158, Brazzaville, Founded 1962. Republique du Congo. (D) CONGO (LEOPOLDVILLE) Ligue d'Athletisme du Congo, RP. 3034, Leopoldville/Kalina, Republique du Congo. Founded 1949. Cables: L.A.C. Leopoldville. Reformed 1963. COSTA RICA (D) Federacion Nacional de Atletismo de Costa Rica, Direcci6n General de Deportes, San Jose, Costa Rica, c.A. Founded 1960. Cables: Dgdeportes, San Jose. CUBA (C) Union Atletica de Amateurs de Cuba, Hotel Habana Libre, Calle L. entre 23 y 25, Vedado, Habana, Cuba. Cables: Olimpicuba, Habana. Founded 1922.

CZECHOSLOVAKIA (A) Czechoslovak Athletic Section, Na POfit[ 12, Praha 1, Czechoslovakia. Cables: Sportsvaz, Praha. Founded 1897. DAHOMEY (D) Federation d'Athletisme du Dahomey, RP. 65, Porto-Novo, Dahomey. Cables: Disports Porto-Novo. Founded 1960.

21 DENMARK (B) Dansk Athletik Forbund, Vester Voldgade Nr. 11, Copenhagen, V., Denmark. Cables: Dafathletik. Founded 1907. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (D) Federacion Dominicana de Atletisrno, Espaillat 19, Santo Domingo, Republica Dorninicana. Cables: Olimpidorn. Founded 1953. EAST GERMANY (B) Verband fur Leichtathletik, Berlm No. 18, Storkower Strasse 118, East Germany. Cables: Leichtathletik, Berlin. Founded 1950. ECUADOR CD) Federacion Deportiva Nacional Del Ecuador Palacio Municipal, Casilla Postal 3409, ' Guayaquil Ecuador. Cables: Fedenador. Founded 1925. EIRE (B) Amateur Athletic Union, Eire, Hamman Buildings, 11 / 13 Upper O'Connell Street Dublin 1, Eire, ' Cables: Athletics, Dublin. Founded 1937. ETHIqPIA '" (D) NatIOnal EthIOpIan AthletICS Federation, P.O. Box 1080, Patriots Road, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 5. Cables: NEAF, Addis Ababa. Founded 1961. FIJI... " (D) FIJI Amateur AthletIC AssocIation, P.O. Box 2024? Government Buildings, Suva, Fiji. Founded 1949. FINLAND CA) Suomen Urheiluliitto ry, Box 358, Helsinki, Finland. Cables: Urheiluliitto, Helsinki. Founded 1906.

22 FRANCE (A) Federation FranÂ«aise d'Athletisme, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IXe, France. Fedathleti. Founded 1920. GABON (D) Federation Gabonaise d'Athletisme Amateur, B.P. 1186, Libreville, Republique Gabonaise. Founded 1961. GAMBIA (D) Gambia Amateur Athletic Association, clo P.O. Box 323, Bathurst, Gambia, W. Africa. Cables: Athletics, Gambia. Founded 1960. (A) GERMANY Deutscher Leichtathletik-Verband, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 137, Founded 1898. Kassel, West Germany. Reformed 1949. Cables: Leichtathletik, Kassel.

GHANA (D) Central Organisation of Sport, "Athletic Division", Central Secretariat, Sports Stadium, P.O. Box 1272, Accra, Ghana, W. Africa. Cables: "C.O.S.", Accra. Founded 1944. GIBRALTAR (D) Gibraltar Amateur Athletic Association, 7/54 Red Sands Road, Gibraltar. Founded 1954. GREAT BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND (A) British Amateur Athletic Board, 26 Park Crescent, London, W.l, England. Founded 1880. Cables: Athlete London W.1. GREECE (B) Hellenic Amateur Athletic Association, 4/6 Kapsali Street, Athens, Greece. Cables: Segas-Athens. Founded 1897.

23 GUATEMALA Federacion Nacional de Atletismo, Palacio de Los Deportes, Guatemala City, Guatemala, c.A. Cables: Cdag, Guatemala.

(D)

Founded 1945.

GUINEA (D) Federation Guineenne d'Athletisme Amateur, Ministere de l'Education Nationale de la Jeunesse et de la Culture, (Direction Service des Sports), B.P. 262, Conakry, Republique de Guinee. Cables: J.R.D.A. Conakry B.P. 262. Founded 1960. HONG KONG (D) Hong Kong Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 280, Hong Kong. Founded 1951. HUNGARY Magyar Athletikai Szovetseg, V. Rosenberg Hazaspar u.l., Budapest V. Hungary. Cables: Masz-Budapest. Founded 1897. ICELAND Icelandic Athletic Union, P.O. Box 1099, Reykjavik, Iceland. Cables: Idrottasamband.

(C)

Founded 1912.

INDIA (B) Amateur Athletic Federation of India, 99 Panchkuin Road, New Delhi 1, India. Cables: Amath, New Delhi. Founded 1946. INDONESIA (D) Persatuan Atletik Seluruh Indonesia (PASI), Kesehatan 3 No. 6, Djakarta 1/12, Indonesia. Cables: PASI, Kesehatantiga Djakarta. Founded 1950.

:wc ;

24 Iranian Amateur Athletic Federation, Park Chahr, Teheran, Iran. Cables: Olympique, Teheran. Founded 1936. IRAQ (D) The Iraqi Amateur Athletic Federation, clo Ministry of Education, Physical Education Dept., Baghdad, Iraq. Founded 1948. ISRA EL (C) Sports Federation of Israel, P.O. Box 4575, Tel Aviv, Israel, Cables: Sportisfed, Tel Aviv. Founded 1931. ITAL Y (A) Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera, Palazzo delle Federazioni, Viale Tiziano 70, Rome, Italy. Cables: Fidal Roma. Founded 1906. IVOR Y COAST (D) 'Federation Ivoirienne d'Athletisme, Boulevard Lagunaire, B.P. 2844, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Founded 1960. JAMA ICA (C) Jamaica Amateur Athletic Association, 84 Hanover Street, Kingston, Jamaica, W. Indies. Cables: Jamathletic, Ja. Founded 1932. JAPA N (A) Nippon Rikujo-Kyogi Renmei, 25, Kannami-Cho, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, Japan. Cables: Zennihon. Tokyo. Founded 1925. KENY A (D) Kenya Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 6722, Nairobi, Kenya. Founded 1951.

25 KORE A (D) Korean Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 106, K.W.M., Seoul, Korea. Cables: KOAAA, Seoul. Founded 1945. KUWAIT (D) Kuwait Federation of Athletic Games & Cycling, Fahed As Salem Street, Ahmad AI-mehri Building, 3rd Floor, Flat No. 11, Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Cables: Athletic, Kuwait. Founded 1957. LAOS (D) Federation d'Athletisme du Laos, clo Direction Generale de la Jeunesse et des Sports, RP. 268 it Vientiane, Laos. Cables: Fal Dirsports, Vientiane. Founded 1958. LEBANON (D) Federation Libanaise d' Athletisme et de Cyclisme, Imm. Achkar Freres, Rue Monot, Beyrouth, Lebanon. Founded 1945. LIBE RIA (D) Liberian Olympic Games Association, P.O. Box 502, Monrovia, Liberia, West Africa. Cables: Loga, Monrovia, Liberia. Founded 1955. LIBYA (D) Libyan General Amateur Athletic Federation, P.O. Box 879, Tripoli, Libya. Founded 1962. LIECHTENSTEIN (D) Liechtenstein Turn- und-Leichtathletik -Verband, Balzers No. 104, Furstentum, Liechtenstein. Cables: Lalldessportverband Schaan, EL. Founded 1936. LUXEMBOURG (C) Federation Luxembourgeoise d'Athletisme, Case Postale 175, Luxembourg. Cables: Athletic, Luxembourg. Founded 1928.

26 MADAGASCAR Federation Malgache d'Athletisme, B.P. 717, Tananarive, Madagascar. MALAYSIA Malaysia AA Union, 352A Loop Road, Seremban. Negri Sembilan, Malaysia.

27 (D) Founded 1962. (C)

Founded 1906. Reformed 1963.

MALI (D) Federation Malienned'Athletisme, B.P. No. 595, Bamako, Republique du Mali. Cables: Fedathletisme Bamako, Mali. Founded 1960. MALTA (D) Malta Amateur Athletic Association, 152/3 Old Mint Street, Valetta, Malta, G.c. Cables: Athlete. Founded 1928. MAURITANIA (D) Federation Mauritanienne d'Athletisme, RP. 178, Nouakchott, Republique Islamique de Mauritanie. Cables: Fedathletic RIM. Founded 1962. MAURITIUS Mauritius Sports Association, 22 Lislet Geoffroy Street, Port Louis, Mauritius. MEXICO Federacion Mexicana de Atletismo, Apartado Postal No. 44041, Av. Juarez No. 157, Desp. 502, Mexico 12, D.F. Mexico. Cables: Depormex, Mexico.

(D) Founded 1952. (B)

Founded 1933.

MONGOLIA (D) The Athletic Federation of the Mongolian People's Republic, Mongolian Athletic Federation, 55 Baga Toirog, Ulan Bator, Mongolian People's Republic. Founded 1961. (D) MOROCCO Federation Royale Marocaine d'Athletisme, 4 Rue Charles Tissot, Rabat, Morocco. Cables: Federmat, Rabat. Founded 1957. NEPAL (D) Amateur Athletic Association of Nepal, Nara Dera, Jwala Khel, Kathmandu, Nepal. Cables: Nepamath. Founded 1951. NETHERLANDS (B) Koninklijke Nederlandsche Athletiek-Unie, Blekerssingel 23, Gouda, Netherlands. Founded 1901. NETHERLANDS ANTILLES (D) Nederlands Antilliaanse Athletiek Unie, clo S. E. L. Madura & Sons, Inc. Founded 1934. Willemstad, Curacao, N.A Reformed 1962. NEW ZEALAND (A) New Zealand Amateur Athletic Association, G.P.O. Box 741, Wellington, C.l, New Zealand. Cables: Amathletic. Founded 1887. NIGER (D) Federation Nigerienne d'Athletisme, B.P. 215, Niamey, Niger. Founded 1961. NIGERIA (C) Amateur Athletic Association of Nigeria, P.O. Box 211, Lagos, Nigeria, W.A. Founded 1944. Cables: Athletics.

NORT H . . (D) AthletIc AssocIatIOn of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 49 Kaisun-dong, Moranbong District, Pyongyang, Korea. NORWAY (A) Norges Fri-idrettsforbund, Youngstorget 1, Oslo 1, Norway. Cables: Fri-Idrett. Founded 1896. PAKISTAN (B) Pakistan Amateur Athletic Federation 99A Pringle Road, Lahore, West Pakistan. Cables: Athletics, Lahore. Founded 1947. PANA MA (C) Comision Nacional de Atletismo Apartado 3503, Panama, Republic of Panama. Cables: Atletismo, Educfisca, Panama. Founded 1945. PAPUA & NEW GUIN EA (D) Papua & New Guinea Amateur Athletic Association Kira! Creek, P.O. Malabunga, New Britain, , Ternt ory of Papua & New Guinea. Founded 1961. PARA GUAY (D) Federacion Paraguaya de Atletismo, Luis A. de Herrera 962, Asuncion, Republica del Paraguay. Founded 1947. PERU (C) Federacion Peruana de Atletismo, Apartado No. 2732, Lima, Peru, Cables: Atleperu. Founded 1927. (C)

Phlhppme Amateur Track & Field Association Rizal Memorial Field, , P.O. Box 2272, Manila, Philippines. Cables: Paaf Manila. Founded 1961.

POLAND (A) Polski Zwiazek Lekkiej Atletyki, Warszawa 1, ul. Foksal19. Cables: Pezla Warszawa. Founded 1919. PORTUGAL (C) Portuguesa de Atletismo, da Alegria 6_3 EO Lisbon, 2, Portugal. Founded 1921. PUERTO RICO (C) Puerto Rico Athletic Federation, P.O. Box 3207, San Juan 15, Puerto Rico. Founded 1947. RHODESIA (D) Rhodesia Amateur Athletic & Cycling Union, P.O.B ox W 48, Waterfalls, Salisbury, Rhodesia. Cables: clo Rhocem. Founded 1958. ROUMANIA (B) Federatia Romlna de Atletism, Str. Vasile Conta nr. 16, Bucarest, Roumania. Cables: Sportrom. Founded 1912. EL SALVADOR National Athletic Federation of El Salvador clo National Olympic Committee of El Salvador, Edit. San Carlos, 3er. piso 301 San Salvador, El Salvador, c.A. Founded 1943. SAUDI ARAB IA (D) Saudi Arabia Athletic Federation, Youth Dept., Ministry of Labour & Social Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Founded 1963. SENEGAL (D) Federation Senegalaise d'Athletisme, B.P. 1737, Dakar, Republic of Senegal. Founded 1960. 0

30 (D) SIERRE LEONE Sierre Leone Amateur Athletic Association, clo British Council, P.O. Box 124, Freetown, Sierre Leone. Cables: Athletics, British Council, Freetown. Founded 1951. (A) SOUTH AFRICA South African Amateur Athletic Union, P.O. Box 1261, Pretoria, South Africa. Cables: Atleet. Founded 1895. (B) SPAIN Real Federacion Espafiola de Atletismo, Calle de Ferraz No. 16, Madrid 8, Spain. Cables: Federacion Atletismo Ferraz 16. Founded 1918. SUDAN (D) Sudan Athletic Association, clo Sudanese Olympic Committee, P.O. Box 437, Khartoum, Sudan. Cables: Athletic Association, Khartoum. Founded 1959. (D) SURINAM Surinaamse Athletiek Bond, clo Dr. B. Oostburg, Zwartenhoyenbrugstraat 7 boy, Founded 1955. Paramaribo, Suriname.

31 SYRIA Syrian Athletic Federation, Box 421, Damascus, Syria.

(D) Founded 1949.

TAIWAN (D) Taiwan National Track & Field Association ' P.O. Box 4130, Taipei, Taiwan. Cables: Trackfield. Founded 1914. TANGANYIKA (D) Tanganyika Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 1778, Dar Es Salaam, Tanganyika. Founded 1954. TCHAD (D) Federation Tchadienne d'Athletisme, B.P. 496 Fort Lamy, Republique du Tchad. Cables: Athtchad. Founded 1963. THAILAND (D) Amateur Athletic Association of Thailand, The National Stadium, Bangkok, Thailand. Founded 1948. TOGO (D) Federation Togolaise d'Athletisme, Institut Dag Hammarskjoeld, 30 rue Alsace Lorraine, Lome, Togo. Founded 1963.

SWEDEN (A) Syenska Fri·IdrottsfOrbundet, Humlegardsgatan 17, Stockholm 0, Sweden. Cables: Friidrott. Founded 1895.

TONGA (D) Tonga Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 87, Nuku'Alofa, Tonga. Cables: Athletic Association, Tonga. Founded 1962.

(B) SWITZERLAND Federation Suisse d'Athletisme Amateur, Gurtengasse 4, Berne, Switzerland. Cables: Athletisme, Berne. Founded 1905.

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO (D) Amateur Athletic Association of Trinidad & Tobago ' Pointe·a·Pierre, Trinidad, W. Indies. Cables: Athletics, San Fernando, Trinidad. Founded 1945.

TUNISIA (D) Federation Tunisienne d' 53 Rue de Marseille, Tunis, Tunisia. Cables: Athletisme, Tunis. Founded 1957. TURKEY B.T.G.Md. Atletizm Federasyonu, Ankara, Turkey. Cables: Atletizm Spor Ankara.

(B) Founded 1922.

UGANDA (D) Uganda Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 2163, Kampala, Uganda. Cables: Medmin, Entebbe. Founded 1925. UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS (A) Light Athletic Federation of the U.S.S.R., Skatertnyi pereulok 4, Moscow 69, U.S.S.R: Cables: Sojuzsport, Moscow. Founded 1924. UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC United Arab Athletic Federation, 13 Sharia Kasr El Nil, Cairo, Egypt, UAR. Cables: Olympiad, Cairo.

(C)

Founded 1910.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (A) Amateur Athletic Union of United States of America, A.A.U. House, 231 West 58th Street, New York 10019, U.SA Cables: Amathletic, New York. Founded 1888. UPPER VOLTA (D) Federation Voltaique d'Athletisme, B.P. 772, Ouagadougou, Republic of Upper Volta. Founded 1961. URUGUAY (C) Confederacion Atletica del Uruguay, Canelones 982, Montevideo, Uruguay. Cables: Atletica. Founded 1918.

VENEZUELA (E) Federacion Venezolana de Atletismo, Velodromo Teo Capriles, La Vega, Caracas, Venezuela. Cables: Colimpico. Founded 1948. VIET-NAM (D) Federation d'Athletisme du Viet-Nam, clo Mr. Vo tri Ky, Van Dong Truong Cong-Hoa Duong Nguyen-Kim, Cholon, Saigon, Viet-Nam. Founded 1951. Cables: FAVN, Saigon. WESTERN SAMOA (D) Western Samoa Amateur Sports Federation, P.O. Box 286, Apia, Western Samoa. Founded 1962. YUGOSLAVIA (A) Federation Yougoslave d'Athletisme, Beograd, Str. Bana 73a, Box 475, Yugoslavia. Cables: ASAJ, Beograd. Founded 1921. ZAMBIA (D) Zambia Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 987;Broken Hill, Founded 1949. Zambia. Reformed 1964.

DIVISION II CONSTITUTION of the

INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION

RULE I Definitions

NOTE.-Words in these rules and all other matter importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine and the words of the singular person shall include the plural. The undermentioned words or letters shall bear the meaning set opposite to them: Athletics: Track and field athletics, crosscountry running and walking. l.AA.F.: International Amateur Athletic Federation. Member of the . Federation: National Governing Association or Federation. l.O.C.: International Olympic Committee.

RULE 2 Title and Composition

I.-The title shall be the International Amateur Athletic Federation. It shall comprise duly elected national governing associations or federations of countries, in control of amateur track and field athletics, cross-country running and walking, which agree to abide by the rules and regulations of the I.A.A.F. Only one member for each country can be affiliated. RULES 1-2

2.-Th e jurisdiction of members of the Federation shall be limited to the political boundaries of the country they represent. RULE 3 Objects of the Federation The objects of the Federation shall be: I.-To establish friendly and loyal co-operation between all members for the benefit of amateur athletics throughout the world. 2.-To strive to ensure that no racial, religious, political or other kind of discrimination be allowed in international athletics in relations between member countries or individuals and take all necessary measures to stop such actions. 3.-To strive to secure that there shall be no hindrance to the participation of any country or individual in international athletic competitions on racial, religious or political grounds. 4.-To compile rules and regulations governing international competitions for men and women in amateur athletics. 5.-To ensure that all contests between members of the Federation, including continental championships, regional championships and all other international competitions shall be held under the laws and the rules for competition of the Federation. 6.-To affiliate national governing associations and federations. 7.-To decide any dispute that may arise between members if called upon to do so. 8.-To co-operate with the Organising Committees of the Olympic Games in carrying through the organisation of the athletic competitions and as delegated by the RULE 3

LO.C. to supervise and control all the technical arrangements. 9.-To frame regulations for the establishment of World, Olympic and Continental amateur records in athletics. RULE 4 Official Languages At all Congress Meetings each member may speak in his own language, translations being made only into French and English as required. The Constitution and the Rules and Regulations, Minutes, Reports and other communications shall be in such languages as the Council shall decide. In all cases of any difference in the interpretation of the text the English version shall be accepted. RULE 5 Congresses l.-(a) The Congress of the LA.A.F. shall consist of the President, two Vice-Presidents elected for the meeting only, the Honorary Secretary, members of the Council and not more than five representatives delegated by each affiliated member. (b) Only representatives of affiliated members shall have power to vote. 2.-A member of the Federation shall be represented only by its delegates. Notice of the appointment of delegates, certified in writing by the member they represent, must be lodged with the Honorary Secretary prior to the commencement of the Congress meeting. Delegates shall be citizens of the country they represent and shall not have coached or competed as a professional. In cases where a member sends only one delegate he shall be entitled to use the full number of votes. A

RULES 4-5

delegate shall represent only one member of the Federation. 3.-The members of the Federation included in group "A" shall be entitled to seven votes each; those in group "E" to five votes each; those in group "c" to three votes each, and those in group "D" to one vote each. (Also see Rule 8.) 4.-The Congress shall be convened biennially and the venue shall be fixed at the preceding meeting. 5.-The President of the Federation shall preside at all Congress meetings. In his absence the meeting shall appoint one of the elected Vice-Presidents. 6.-The Congress only shall have power to approve or alter any constitutional rule. All additions, amendments or alterations to the Constitution Rules must obtain twothirds of the voting power of those present and such two-thirds must also represent at least 33t% of the total voting power of the I.A.A.F. 7.-The Congress of the I.A.A.F. shall elect by secret ballot the following committees and commissions: European Committee, Technical Committee, Women's Commission, Walking Commission, Cross-Country Commission and Modern Pentathlon Committee. Number of members, functions, powers and duties of these bodies shall be defined by the rules approved at Congress. If necessary other commissions can also be formed. Scrutineers shall be appointed from the delegates to the Congress. All nominations for these committees or commissions shall be sent to the Honorary Secretary of the I.A.A.F. not later than five calendar months prior to the date of Congress at which such elections will be made. (See Rule 12). 8.-A special Congress may be called, provided not less than fifteen members of the Federation give notice in writing to the Honorary Secretary stating they desire

such a meeting and the reasons relating thereto. Upon receipt of any such notice, the Honorary Secretary shall summon a meeting of the Congress within three months. 9.-In recognition of valued services given to the cause of international athletics, Congress shall be entitled to elect an Honorary Life President and not more than three Honorary Life Vice-Presidents, without voting power. RULE 6 Officers

The President and the Honorary Secretary shall be elected by the Congress, each for a term of four years. The officers shall be ex officio members of all committees and commissions. In the administration of the affairs of the Federation, the Council may delegate to the President and Honorary Secretary power to act in a case of urgency in any financial matters, provided that the Council is advised at the earliest opportunity of any action so taken. The President and Honorary Secretary shall be entitled to indemnify themselves out of the funds of the Federation in respect of any loss so incurred. RULE 7 Council I.-The Council shall be elected by Congress, by secret ballot, for a term of four years, with powers and duties as set out hereafter. The Council shall consist of the President and Honorary Secretary of the Federation and ten individuals elected for their knowledge of athletics who belong to RULES 6-7

40 different member countries other than that of the President and Honorary Secretary. 2.-Th e officers and members of the Council shall serve until their successors are appointed and take office. 3.-In the absence of the President, the Honorary Secretary shall preside. 4.-Th e President and the Honorary Secretary shall each have a vote. The President, in the case of a tie in the voting, shall have a second or casting vote. 5.-W hen during the time between the Congress meetings any vacancy arises in the membership of the Council the vacant place shall be filled by the Coimcil by temporarily accepting a nominee of the same country to which the Council member belonged. 6.-Th e Council shall meet at least once a year and its duties shall include: (a) The examination of all proposals to be placed before Congress and the submission of a report thereon. (b) The administration of the affairs of the Federation. (c) The provisional affiliation of National Governing Bodies for athletics. (Also see Rule 8.) (d) Notification to members of the imposition of any penalties by either Congress or the Council. (e) The maintenance of a register of World, Olympic and Continental amateur records. (t) Deciding any dispute that may arise between members of the Federation which may be referred to it by either of the interested members. (g) Framing rules and regulations for, and controlling and supervising the athletic technical organisation at the Olympic Games.

41 (h) The submission to Congress of a report, an

audited statement of accounts and balance sheet on the proceedings and finances of the Federation, together with a budget for the succeeding two years.

(i)

In cases of great importance requiring an immediate decision it shall have power to summon an Extraordinary Congress of the Federation.

(j) To make decisions in urgent matters relating to

all rules, with the exception of the Constitutional Rules, subject to ratification by Congress at its next meeting.

RULE 8

Membership I.-Th e National Governing Body for amateur athletics in any country shall be eligible for membership of the Federation. 2.-Ap plicat ion for membership together with a copy of the Constitution and rules shall be submitted to the Council, which shall have power to elect to membership provisionally, pending confirmation at the next Congress meeting. 3.-Me mbers hip shall be divided into four groups and any member admitted to the Federation after 23rd August, 1950, shall be placed in such group as the Congress may decide. The following grouping with effect from 1st January, 1965, was agreed at the Tokyo Congress in 1964 and shall remain as such until altered by a subsequent Congress: RULE 8

42 GROUP "A" Australia Canada Czechoslovakia Finland France Germany Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland Hungary Italy Japan New Zealand Norway Poland South Africa Sweden U.SA U.S.s.R. Yugoslavia

GROUP "B" Argentine Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Denmark East Germany Eire Greece India Mexico

43 Netherlands Pakistan Roumania Spain Switzerland Turkey Venezuela GROUP "C" Afghanistan Austria Ceylon Chile Colombia Cuba Iceland Iran Israel Jamaica Luxembourg Malaysia Nigeria Panama Peru Philippines Portugal Puerto Rico United Arab Republic Uruguay GROUP "D" All the other members.

4.-The annual fees from each member affiliated to the I.AAF. shall be paid in advance on 1st January in accordance with the following groups:-

Each member ,, " ,, ,, ,, ,,

in Group "A" shall , , "B" , , " , , "e" , , " ,, , , "D" "

pay ... ,, ,, ,,

£100 £60 £30 £10

Any member whose subscription is unpaid on the 31ST DECEMBER shall be liable to be struck off the list of members of the Federation or suspended at the discretion of the CounciL No representative can be authorised to take part in any meeting of the Congress or Committees if the subscription of the member he represents is more than twelve months in arrears.

RULE 9 Suspensions

The Council of the Federation shall have the power to suspend any member Federation or athlete from international competition until the next meeting of the Congress, and the Congress shall likewise have the r:ower to suspend any member Federation or athlete from mternational cornpetition for so long as shall be stated in its decision. On the application of any member Federation, the Council may reinstate any athlete who by infringement of the I.AAF. Rules becomes melIglble to take part in competition under I.AAF. Rules. Any application for reinstatement must be forwarded to the Honorary Secretary-Treasurer of the I.AAF. by the Secretary of the member Federation responsible for the athlete concerned. Such application shall give in detail the circumstances leading to the ineligibility and the reasons advanced for the reinstatement.

RULE 9

45 RULE 10 International Athletic Competitions and Qualifications of Competitors

I.-An international athletic meeting is defined as follows: (a) A meeting arranged between two or more members of the Federation; or (b) A meeting organised by the Federation or a member of the Federation or by a club affiliated to and having the sanction of a member, provided other members of the Federation or" their clubs take part in the meeting. 2.-Ne ither a national championship open to all amateur athletes, nor a competition in which a touring team of athletes take part as individuals, shall be considered an international meeting. 3.-A t all international meetings the rules and regulations of the Federation shall apply. 4.-Al l international meetings must be sanctioned by the I.A.A.F. or by a member of the Federation. National governing bodies in authorising international meetings under their jurisdiction shall insist that all prizes are of lasting value, are intended for the athlete !"Jimself. and not exceed the value of ÂŁ20 sterling (or e9U1val::nt m other Any promoter infrmgmg thIs rule should not be gIven permission thereto an international meeting. NOTE: Where It IS deCided to honour an athlete for an outstanding performance the spirit of this rule should be observed and the intrinsic value of the award should not exceed the sum mentioned in the rule. No important international meeting shall be arranged for the .athletes entered for the Olympic Games during the penod of fourteen days preceding the beginning of the track and field events in the Olympic Games. RULE 10

5.-N o athlete or club may take part in an athletic meeting in a foreign country without the written approval of his governing body, and no member of the Federation shall allow any foreign athlete to enter any competition without such permit certifying that he is an amateur and permitted to compete in the country concerned. An invitation to an athlete to compete in a meeting in a country other than his own shall not be extended directly or indirectly by an individual, a club, college, university or other athletic organisation, but only by the governing body of the inviting country through the governing body of the country such athlete represents. All negotiations for the participation of an athlete in contests in another country shall be carried on by the governing body of the countries concerned. The only exception to the foregoing shall be where a Federation shall authorise one of its member clubs to communicate with the club of another country concerning the participation of one or more of its athletes, and such authorisation shall be granted on the express condition that the Federations concerned are kept informed as to the context of the communications. 6.-An y athlete competing in any foreign country (other than in international meetings as above defined) shall, in respect to that competition, be subject to the athletic laws of that country. 7.-ln the Olympic Games, World or Area Games or Championships, members of this Federation shall be represented only by native born or naturalised subjects of the country which the affiliated member represents, except in the case of citizens of a colony, when they shall be eligible to represent the mother country if such colony is not represented by membership of the I.A.A.F. Having once represented any member of the Federation in the Olympic Games, World or Area Games or Championships, no contestant may thereafter represent any other member except in case of:

(a) Incorp oratio n of one country in another, (b) Creation of a new country ratified by treaty, (c) Wher e membership of the I.A.A.F. is acquired by

the governing body of any colony where such membership did not previously exist. (d) Where in the case of a female athlete nationality is altered by marriage. (e) An athlet e who has become a naturalised citizen of anoth er country and has been resident in that country for at least three years. RULE II Championships of the World and Area Championships

I.-Th e I.A.A .F. alone shall have the right to organise or sanction World, Europ ean, Far East, Latin American and other area championships for track and field events. 2.-Th e Olympic Games shall be regarded as World championships in track and field athletics. 3.-Sa nctio n of the I.A.A .F. is required for all area championships. A fee of ÂŁ25 sterling (or its equivalent in other currencies) which fee shall accompany the application for sanction, shall be paid to the I.A.A.F. by the sponsoring body for such sanction, except for the Olympic Games and Europ ean Championships. All application forms must be completed in detail and lodged at the headq uarter s of the I.A.A.F. by registered post NOT later than TWE LVE MON THS prior to the date of the opening day of the area games in question. Organising Committees must ensure that countries to whom invitations are sent are in membership of the I.A.A .F., and countries desirous of participating must apply to the I.A.A.F. for membership, which must have RULE 11

been granted prior to their entry beirrg accepted. Such applications must be received by the I.A.A.F. Office at least three months before the date of the opening of the promotion concerned. . The I.A.A.F. shall not sanction any area games without first having obtained an unqualified undertaking that the necessary permission for visiting athletes to enter the country where the games are to be held will be forthcoming sufficiently far ahead to enable them to travel and compete at the games. 4.-Th e I.A.A.F. shall designate a representative to attend each area games or championships at the expense of the organisers, to ensure that the rules and regulations of the I.A.A.F. are complied with. The travelling and accommodation expenses of this representative shall be paid to him by the organisers not later than the final day of the championships or athletic section of the games. Such representative shall render his report to the I.A.A.F. within thirty days thereafter. NOTE.-For the purpose of this rule, world, group 01' sectional games and championships are defined as area championships. (See also Rule 141, para. 3.) RULE 12 Sub-Committees (a) Technical Comm ittee.- The Technical Committee appointed by Congress (see Rule 5) shall consist of individuals from various countries known as experts in the field of athletic competition and shall have power to make recommendations to the Council when acting according to Rule 7, paragraph 6 (j). (b) Women's Comm ission .-The Women's Commission appointed by Congress (see Rule 5) shall consist of individuals from various countries known as experts

RULE 12

I 48

in the field of Women's Athletic competition and will ad vise the Council in all matters relating to competitions for Women and not covered by terms of reference by the Technical Committee. (c) Walking Comm ission -The Walking Commission appointed by Congress (see Rule 5) shall consist of individuals from various countries known as experts in the field of Walking competition and will advise the Council in all matters concerning Walking competitions. (d) European Comm ittee.- The European Committee appointed by Congress (see Rule 5) shall deal with all matters relating to European affairs concerning track and field athletics in accordance with the terms of reference as laid down in the Rules for European Championships. (e) Cross-Country Comm ission .-The Cross-Country Commission appointed by Congress (see Rule 5) shall consist of individuals from various countries known as experts in the field of cross-country running together with two nominees of the International Cross-Country Union and one nominee of the Balkan Cross-Country Committee who will advise the Council in all matters relating to cross-country competitions.

49 t

I I

! [

2.-Te chnic al Rules. Proposals to amend the technical rules, rules for Women's competitions and rules for Walking or Cross-Country competitions must be sent to the Honorary Secretary of the I.AA' F. who shall submit them to the appropriate sub-committee or commission, defined in Rule 12, for advice and recommendation. The Council will act in accordance with Rule 7, paragraph 6 (j), and if necessary prepare change of rule for presentation to Congress.

3.-N o alterations or additions to the technical rules passed during the twelve months preceding any Olympic Games shall be effective until after the Games. 4.-W hen alterations to technical rules are adopted by Congress, a fixed date for the operation of the said amendments should be stated, such date to allow adequate time for all member countries to put them into operation simultaneously. NOTE .-Ame ndme nts to Rules approved by Congress 1964 are indicated by vertical lines in the margin. The new Technical Rules come into operation on 1st May,

1965.

RULE 13 Alterations to Rules I.-Co nstitu tion Laws. Proposals for alteration or additions to the constitution rules of the Federation shall be made only by a member of the Federation and must reach the Honorary Secretary of the IAA F. at least six calendar months prior to the Congress at which they are to be considered. The proposals shall be communicated to affiliated countries at least four calendar months before such Congress. No proposals shalIb e considered by Congress without the notice specified herein. RULE 13

51 RULES RELATING TO ELIGIBILITY OF ATHLETES TO COMPETE UNDER INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION RULES

RULE 51 An amateur is one who competes for the love of sport and as a means of recreation, without any motive of securing any material gain from such competition. RULE 52 Competition under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules is restricted to amateur athletes who are eligible to compete under the rules as laid down by the International Amateur Athletic Federation. RULE 53 The following persons are ineligible to take part in competitions under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules. Any person who, since reaching the age of 16, (i) has competed in any sport for any pecuniary reward; (ii) has taken part in any track or field event in which any of the competitors were, to his knowledge, ineligible to compete under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules; (iii) has ever received any pecuniary consideration for teaching, training or coaching in any sport; NOTE.-Physical education teachers whose work is solely educational and who are not paid directly or indirectly for the coaching Of athletes for competitions are eligible to compete as amateurs. RULES 51-53

(iv) has at any time been financially interested in any track or field event in which he was entered; (v) writes, lectures or broadcasts for payment upon any track or field event or competition without the prior permission of his national governing body. This permission must be given only in the case of a person who is genuinely making his main career in one or other of these activities. (vi) sells or pawns any of his prizes; (vii) receives any compensation for using the goods or apparatus of any firm, manufacturer or agent, or allows his name or his static or moving picture to be used as a means of advertising or recommending the goods of any firm, manufacturer or agent; NOTE .-Whe n and where it is proved that the name or the picture of the athlete was used for the purpose of this paragraph without his knowledge the indemnity to be collected from the person or persons responsible for the injury, privately agreed or stipulated by the Courts, will revert to the Federation to which the athlete belongs. (viii) while a member of any club or other body under the jurisdiction of a national body affiliated to the International Amateur Athletic Federation competes in any foreign country at any meeting not recognised by the governing body of such country; (ix) accepts directly or indirectly any money or consideration for expenses' or loss of earnmgs, other than what is permitted as follows: (a) The travelling and accommodation expenses of athletes competing in competitions under International Amateur Athletic Federation

rules which are limited to the actual outlay for travelling, meals and lodging. In cases where an athlete is permitted to participate in competitions held in a country other than his own, such expenses must not in any circumstances whatever be paid direct to the athlete himself, nor to any person on his behalf, but must be paid through the national governing bodies of the countries concerned. National governing bodies must strictly control all financial transactions, and in so far as any advance payment is necessary to enable an athlete to obtain refreshment en route, or expend money on travelling or accommodation which cannot be provided by supplying tickets or vouchers, this must be advanced to the athlete by his own governing body, who will obtain reimbursement from the governing body where the competition takes place. The athlete's own national governing body may, however, in exceptional circumstances authorise the national governing body under whose jurisdiction he is for the time being competing, to refund to the athlete actual essential expenses for travelling, meals and lodging, and at the conclusion of the competition such national body shall forward to the I.A.A.F. and to the athlete's national body a detailed statement of all such payments. The daily allowance for the out-of-pocket expenses to athletes during their stay in a foreign country must not exceed $2 (14 shillings and 6 pence sterling) or the equivalent value in other currencies. This sum

55 should be allocated from the date of arrival in the host country until the date of departure, and paid through the team manager. (b) The period of time in anyone calendar year

for which an athlete shall receive expense money is limited to 28 days exclusive of the time taken in travelling. Accumulation of these days in two consecutive years is not allowed. An extension may be given by the national association to which the athlete belongs, to cover competition in Olympic Games. Continental Championships, or when representing a country in genuine matches a<Jainst other countries. The Coun-. cil of the'" International Amateur Athletic Federation only is empowered to grant extensions in other cases.

RULE 55

In any competition under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules the eligibility of any athlete competing shall be guaranteed by the governing body of the country to which the athlete belongs. If any objection is taken to the status of any athlete, such objection shall be referred to the jury or, if no jury has been to the referee. If the matter cannot be settled satIsfactorily prior to the meeting the athlete shall be allowed to compete" under protest" and the matter be referred to the Council of the International Amateur Athletic Federation.

NOTE.-A genuine match is one where with

the authority of the governing bodies concerned the competition is announced as between teams representing two or more countries. Each team should be selected by the governing body concerned. A "touring" team consisting of a small number of athletes is not recognised as an international team for the purposes of this definition.

RULE 54 Any person who is, and for s.o. long as he ineligible to compete in JUrISdiction of his national govermng body, IS mehglble to compete under the rules of the. International Amateur Athletic Federation. RULE 54

RULE 55

DIVISION III AlHLETIC RULES for MEN'S AND WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS

RULE 101 All international competitions shall be held under the rules of the International Amateur Athletic Federation and this shall be stated in all announcements, advertisements, programmes and printed matter. The rules as laid down shall be applicable to men's and women's competitions. RULE 102 The standard of conversion from metres to yards, feet and inches used in the technical rules is 1 metre= 1Âˇ093614 yards (3,280842 feet or 39Âˇ370 inches) and for weights 1 kilogramme=2'204622 lbs. NOTE.-It is recommended that National Associations should adopt the rules of the IAA.F. for the conduct of their own athletic meetings. SECTION Z

Officials of the Meeting

RULE 111

The list laid down in this rule comprises those officials considered to be necessary for principal international meetings. The organisers are at liberty to vary this where local circumstances require.

RULES 101-102, 111

MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS

One Manager One Secretary One Technical Manager JURY OF ApPEAL COMPETITION OFFICIALS

One Referee for Track Events One (or more) Referees for Field Events One Referee for Walking Events Four (or more) Judges for Track Events Four (or more) Judges for Field Events Four (or more) JUdges for Walking Events Four (or more) Umpires for Track Events Three (or more) Timekeepers One (or more) Starters One (or more) Clerks of the Course (Starter's Assistants) One (or more) Lap Scorers One Recorder One Marshal ADDITIONAL OFFICIALS

Where women's events are held there shall be appointed as many women officials as may be appropriate, including a woman doctor when possible. If deemed necessary, assistants may be appointed, but care should be taken to keep the arena as free from officials as possible. For the duties of officials see following rules. RULE 112 The Manager

The Manager shall have charge of the Meeting and be responsible for the proper carrying out of the programme. He shall see that all officials have reported for duty and when necessary shall appoint substitutes, and in co-operation with the appointed Marshal, arrange that only authorised persons are allowed in the centre of the arena. RULE 113 The Secretary

The Secretary shall be responsible for the calling of the meetings of the executive and other committees, and shall prepare all minutes relating thereto. He shall be in charge of all administrat!ve. arrangements, and shall .receive and conduct all prInCIpal correspondence relatmg to the Meeting. RULE 114

One (or more) Announcers One Official Surveyor One (or more) Doctors Stewards for Competitors, Officials and Press.

The Technical Manager

The Technical Manager shall act directly under the Manager of the Meeting and be responsible for seeing that the track, runways, circles, arcs, sectors and pits for RULES 112-114

are prope:-Iy out, also that all equipment IS accordmg to specIficatIOn and readily available for approval by the appointed Referee and that scoring prepared. ' results and time recording cards (Also see Rule 116, para. 2, and Rule 126.) RULE 115 Jury of Appeal A Jury of Appeal shaH be appointed, to whom all protests under Rule 147 shall be referred. Their decision shall be final. RULE 116 Referees

I.-Separate Referees may be appointed as required ' for track, field and walking events. 2.-It shall be the responsibility of a Referee to see that the are.observ!"d (also see Rule 114) and decide any tec?ll1cal whIch arise during the Meeting, and for whIch prOVlSlon J.lot. been made in these rules. !he Referee shaH have JUrIsdIction to decide any placings m a race, only when the Judges of the disputed place or are unable to arrive at a unanimous or majority declSlon. (Also see Rule 117, para. 2, and Rule 146 para. I.) , . 3.-.Referees shall allocate Judges to particular events If thIS has not been previously arranged, specifying the duty each should carry out (e.g. circle, take-off board etc); to the JUdges and ensure that the corn: petltors are mformed of the number of trials to be if this has been printed in allowed under the rules the programme; supervIse the measurements of perf<?rmances; .check the final results and deal with any dIsputed pomts. (Also see Rule 117, para. 1.) RULES 115-116

4.-The appropriate Referee shall have the power to exclude any competitor for improper conduct and he shall decide on the ground, any protest or objection as to the conduct of a competitor. (Also see Rule 118, Rule 122 and Rule 147.) 5.-If in the opinion of the Referee circumstances arise at any meeting so that justice demands that any event should be contested again, he shaH have power to declare the event void and such event shall be held again, either on the same day or on some future occasion, as he shall in his absolute discretion decide. (Also see Rule 142, para. 6.) 6.-The Referee shall have power to change the place of the competition in any field event, if in his opinion the conditions justify a change. Such a change shall be made only after a round is completed. 7.-Upon completion of each event the result card shall be immediately filled in, signed by the Referee and handed to the Recorder. (Also see Rule 123.) NOTE.-Reference should be made when necessary to the special rules for the Olympic Games (301-311) and European Championships (Rules 351-364.) RULE 117 Judges

General I.-Subject to the rules laid down by the National Association and except in the case of the Olympic Games and European Championships, the organisers of the meeting shall appoint the Judges for the various events. The Referee shall aHocate the duties among the Judges. (Also see Rule 116, para. 3.) Racing Events 2.-The Judges, who must all operate from the same side of the track and preferably from the inside, shall RULE 117

decide the order in which the competitors finish, and in any case where they cannot arrive at an unanimous or majority decision shall refer the matter to the Referee, who shall decide. (Also see Rule 116, para. 2.) NOTE.-It is recommended that wherever practicable one Judge selects the first man to finish, one the first and second, one the second and third, and so on. The Judges should be placed at least five metres (or 16 ft. 6in.) from and in line with the finish and, in order that they may have a good view of the finish line, an elevated stand should be provided. A photo-finish apparatus should be available for use whenever possible as an aid to the Referee and Judges. Field Events 3.-The Judges shall judge, measure and record each valid trial of the competitors in all events in which the result is determined by height or distance. In the high jump and pole vault, precise measurements should be made when the bar is raised, particularly if records are being attempted. At least two Judges should keep a record of all trials, checking their recordings at the end of each round. Walking Events 4.-The Judges at the finish shall be responsible only for deciding the order in which the competitors finish (Also see Rule 191.)

RULE 118 Umpires (Track Events)

I.-Umpires are assistants to the Referee, without power to give any decisions. 2.-It shall be the duty of an Umpire to stand at such point as the Referee may determine to watch the comRULE 118

petition closely and, in case of a foul or violation of the rules by a competitor or other person, to make an immediate report of the incident to the Referee. 3.-Umpires should also be appointed to undertake the duties of supervision in relay races at the take-over points. RULE 119 Timekeepers I.-(a) There should be three official Timekeepers (one of whom should be the Chief Timekeeper) and one or two alternate Timekeepers who should time the winner of every event. The times recorded by the alternate Timekeepers' watches shall not be considered unless one or more of the official Timekeepers' watches fails properly to record the time, in which case the alternate Timekeepers shall be called upon, in such order as has been previously decided, so that, in all races, three watches should have recorded the official winning time. (b) The Timekeepers shall act independently from one another, enter their times, without discussing times and without showing their watches to each other, on the printed form specially made for this purpose and, after signing the form, hand it to the Chief Timekeeper, who is entitled to control the reported times on the watches. (c) The Chief Timekeeper shall enter the reported time on a special blank schedule and shall fix the official time results in accordance with the provisions of this rule and provide for publication.

Cd) In the event of two of three official watches agreeing and the third disagreeing, the time shown by the two shall be the official time. If all three watches disagree, RULE 119

64 the time shown by the watch recording the middle time shall be the official time. (e) If the hand of the watch stops the two lines indicating the time the nearest longer tIme shall be accepted. If a 1/ lOath second timer is used time shall be read from it to the nearest 0'1 second, I.e. 9·94 is read as 9·9 but 9·95 is read as 10·0. (Also see Rule 195, para. 4 (b), for Pentathlon and Decathlon events.) 2.-If for any reason only two watches record the time of an event, and they fail to agree, the longer time of the two shall be accepted as the official time.

3.-The time shall be taken from the flash of the pistol to the moment at which any part of the body of competitor (i.e. torso, including the neck, as dIStinguished from the head, arms, legs, hands or feet) reaches the nearest edge of the finish line. 4.-For races up to and including one J.I1i1.e or its metric equivalent including relay races, the tImIng shall be to one-tenth For longer races the timing shall be to one-fifth second, but shall be recorded by conversion into tenths of a second (i.e. two-tenths, fourtenths, six-tenths, eight-tenths). 5.-An electrical timekeeping device, approved by the National Association of the country where the competition is held, may be used. An adjustment of '05 of a second shall be made in the timing apparatus so that the watc,h s.tarts ·05 after the firing of the gun, so as to cOIncIde approxImately to the moment after firing when the runners move. As most electric apparatus times to 1/100 second !he following conversion table shall be used for returnIng times required to the nearest one-tenth second:

Electric timing Sec. Sec. ·95 - ·04 ·05 - ·14 ·15 - ·24 ·25 - ·34 ·35 - ·44 ·45 - ·54 ·55 - ·64 ·65 - '74 '75 - ·84 ·85 - ·94

To be returned as Sec. ·0 ·1 ·2 ·3 ·4 ·5

·6 ·7

·8 ·9

Where timing is required to one-fifth second the following conversion table shall be used: Electric To be timing returned as Sec. Sec. Sec. ·85 - ·04 ·0 ·05 - ·24 ·2 ·25 - ·44 ·4 ·45 - ·64 ·6 ·65 - ·84 ·8 NOTE.-(I) It is recommended that the Timekeepers should be placed at least five metres (or 16ft. 6in.) from and in line with the finish on the opposite site of the track to the judges, and in order that they may have a good view of the finish line an elevated stand should be provided wherever practicable. (2) It is desirable wherever possible also to record times for the second and subsequent places, and also to record lap times in races of 800 metres and over, and, in addition, times at every 1,000 metres in races of 3,000 metres and over. (3) For World Records refer to Rule 148 and Rule 162.

67 RULE 120 The Starter

I.-All questions concerning the start shall be decided by the Starter. 2.-The Starter shall have entire control of the competitors On their marks, and shall be the sole judge of any fact connected with the start of the race. 3.-ln races where the competitors are not placed behind the same starting line (e.g., 200-400 metres or 220-440 yards races on circular tracks), the Starter should use a microphone connected with amplifiers opposite the starting line in each lane. Where such a device is not used the Starter shall so place himself that the distance between him and each of the competitors is approximately the same. Where, however, the Starter cannot place himself in such a position, the pistol should be placed there and discharged by electric contact. (Also see Rule 162 for regulations relating to the start.) RULE 121 Clerks of the Course (Starter's Assistants)

I.-The Clerks of the Course shall check that the competitors are competing in the correct heat or race and that their numbers are worn properly, one on the breast and one on the back. They shall assist the Starter in any draw for stations. Stations in events at all distances shall be numbered from left to right, facing the direction of running. 2.-They must place each competitor in his correct lane or station, assembling the competitors on the starting line or, in races up to and including 1,500 metres (or 1 mile), on an assembly line 3 metres (or 10 feet) behind the starting line (in the case of races started in echelon, similarly behind each starting line), and when RULES 120-121

so placed they shall signal to the Starter that all is ready. When a fresh start is ordered the Clerks of the Course shall assemble the competitors again. 3.-The Clerks of the Course shall be responsible for the readiness of batons for the first runners in a relay race. 4.-When the Starter has ordered the competitors to their marks, the Clerks of the Course must see that no competitor places either fingers, hands or feet on the starting line or in front of it. If any difficulty arises they must signal immediately to the Starter. (Also see Rule 162.) RULE 122 Lap Scorers

I.-A Lap Scorer shall keep a record of the laps covered by each competitor in races from 1,500 metres to 3 miles. For races exceeding 3 miles a number of lap scorers under the direction of the Referee shall be appointed and provided with lap scoring cards on which they shall record the times over each lap (as announced to them by the Chief Timekeeper) of the competitors for whom they are responsible. No Lap Scorer should record for more than four competitors. 2.-A special Lap Scorer shall be appointed to notify to each competitor the number of laps which he still has to complete. He shall notify the final lap by the ringing of a bell or otherwise. RULE 123 The Recorder

The Recorder shall collect the result of each event, together with the times or heights or distances, which shall be furnished to him by the Referee and Chief Timekeeper. He shall as soon as possible communicate RULES 122-123

68 the information to the Announcer and, after recording the placings, times, heights or distances, he shall hand the official result together with all cards to the Manager of the meeting. (Also see Rule 116, para. 7; Rule 119, para. 6; and Rule 125.)

the distances which are to be contested, also the circles, arcs, sectors and other measurements relating to the field events. He shall furnish to the Technical Manager and the Referee, before the Meeting, certificates as to correctness. (Also see Rule 145, para. 4.)

RULE 124 The Marshal

The Marshal shall have full charge of the arena and shall not allow any persons other than the officials, and competitors assembled to compete, to enter and remain therein. He shall control his assistants and assign to them their duties. He shall arrange for an enclosure to be provided for officials when not on duty. RULE 125 The Announcer

The Announcer shall give out to the public the names and numbers of the competitors taking part in each event, and all relevant information such as the composition of the heats, lanes or stations drawn, and inten1?ediate times. The result (placings, times, heights and dIstances) of each event should be announced at the earliest possible moment after receipt of the information from the Recorder. (Also se y Rule 123.) RULE 126 The Official Surveyor

The Official Surveyor shall, immediately prior to the Meeting, survey the track and runways, and measure all RULES 124-126

SECTION II RULES FOR COMPETITION

RULE 141 Entries

I.-Competitions under LA.A.F. Rules are restricted to amateurs in accordance with the LA.A.F. Rules relating to the eligibility of athletes to compete. (Refer to Rules 51-55.) 2.-No competitor shall be allowed to compete outside his own country unless his amateur status is guaranteed in writing by the recognised governing Athletic Association of his country, and he has permission from such body to compete. In all international competitions such guarantee of the amateur status of an athlete shall be accepted as conclusive, for the time being, of the athlete's eligibility to compete; any objection as to his status shall be referred to the LA.A.F. (Refer to Rule 10.) 3.-Except in the case of Area Games or Champion-II ships (see below), all women's entries must be accompanied by a certificate as to sex, issued by a qualified medical doctor recognised by the National Association, in the following form: RULE 141

Medical Certificate for Female Participants in Athletics (Rule 141 of the Regulations of the International Amateur Athletic Federation: "All women's entries must be accompanied by a certificate as to sex, issued by a qualified medical doctor, recognised by the National Association.")

I HEREBY CERTIFY that

of . is qualified in accordance with the above-mentioned rule of the I.AAF. to compete in women's events. Signature of Medical Practitioner

Address

Date

Signature of National Governing Body

Address

Date . In the case of all Area Games or Championships (as defined in Rule 11) women's entries shall not be accompanied by a medical certificate, but the Organising Committee shall appoint a panel of three women medical doctors and all participants in women's events shall appear before the panel, who will be required to certify that they are qualified to compete in such events. RULE 142 The Competition I.-No performance accomplished by an athlete will be valid unless it has been accomplished in good faith during an official competition using only equipment authorised by the ru.les of the LAAF. RULE 142

2.-In matches arranged between members of the LAAF. the number of trials in the jumping and throwing events may be reduced as desired; any such arrangement should be made previous to the meeting. (Also see Rule 171, para. 13, and Rule 181, para. 2.) 3.-In all events competitors must wear clothing which is clean and so designed and worn as not to be objectionable. The clothing must be made of a material which is non-transparent even if wet. 4.-Competitors may compete in bare feet or with footwear on one or both feet. The purpose of shoes for competition is to give protection and stability to the feet and a firm grip of the ground; such shoes, however, must not be constructed so as to give the competitor any additional assistance. Competitors are not permitted to wear shoes which incorporate any spring or device of any kind or of which the sole, including grooves or ridges, has a total thickness exceeding 13 millimetres (0'5 in.). The thickness of the heel must not exceed that of the sole by more than 6 millimetres (0'25 in.) except in walking events, where shoes may be worn of which the thickness of the heel exceeds that of the sole by not more than 13 millimetres (0'5 in.). The sole and the heel may have grooves, ridges and/ or spikes. The number of spikes is limited to a maximum of six in the sole proper and two in the heel. The part of each spike which projects from the sole or the heel must not exceed 25 millimetres (1 in.) in length or 4 millimetres (0'16 in.) in diameter. A shoe strap Over the instep is permitted. Competitors may not use any appliance either inside or outside the shoe which will have the effect of increasing the thickness of the sole above the permitted maximum of 13 millimetres (0'5 in.) or which can give the wearer any advantage which he would not obtain from the type of shoe described in the previous paragraph.

72 5.-Every competitor must be provided with two numbers to be worn visibly on the breast and back. The numbers must correspond with the number in the programme. If track suits are worn in the competition numbers must be worn on the track suit in a similar manner. In the pole vault and high jump the competitors 11 may wear the number on the back or front only. No competitor shall be allowed to start without the appropriate number or numbers. 6.-Any competitor wilfully jostling, running across or obstructing another competitor so as to impede his progress, shall be disqualified. If in any race a competitor is disqualified for any of these reasons, the Referee shall have power to order the race to be re-run excluding' the disqualified competitor or, in the case of a heat, to permit any competitors affected by the act resulting in disqualification (other than the disqualified competitor) to compete in a subsequent round of the race. If for any reason a competitor is hampered in a trial in a field event, the Referee shall have power to award him a substitute trial. (Also see Rule 116, para. 5.) 7.-In all races run in lanes each competitor should keep in his allotted lane from start to finish. This shall apply also to relay races as regards the first lap only or to any portion of any race run in lanes. (Also see Rule 166.) 8.-If the Referee is satisfied, on the report of a Judge or Umpire or otherwise, that a competitor has deliberately run outside his lane, he shall disqualify him; but if the Referee considers that such action was unintentional he may at his discretion disqualify, if he is of the that a material advantage was gained thereby. (See table below for theoretical advantages obtained by running from 1 to 10 strides from 2 inches to 1 foot insiqe the inner border of a lane round the curves.)

Track 440 yards Stride 7 ft. 6 in. Number of Strides

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Advantage Gained by Encroaching t Inches on Inside of Lane t=2 in.

t=4 in.

t=6 in.

t=12in.

in.

0'1 0'3 0'4 0'6 0'7 0'9 1'0 1. 1 l' 3 1'4

0'3 0'6 0'9 1'2 1'4 1'7 2'0 2'3 2'6 2'9

0'4 0'9 1-3 1'7 2'2 2'6 3'0 3'4 3'9 4'3

0'9 1'7 2Âˇ6 3'5 4'3

5'2 6'1 6'9 7'8 8'6

This table shows mathematically, the theoretical advantage gained by takin'g from 1 to 10 strides inside the inner border of a lane. The distances are shown in inches and decimals of an inch. e.g. four strides 1 foot inside gives an advantage of 3' 5 inches.

9.-A competitor after voluntarily leaving the track or course shall not be allowed to continue in the race. lO.-No official or any other person within the arena, except an appointed official, shall indicate any intermediate times to competitors. n.-Except as provided in 165 and (Marathon races and long distance walkmg races), durmg the progress of an event no competitor shall receive any assistance whatsoever from any person. l2.-Subject to the provisions of paragraph 13, if a competitor misses his turn in a field event, he shall not be permitted to take the trial so missed. B.-If a competitor is entered in both a track and field event or in more than one field event takmg place the judges may allow the com-

I 75

74 petitor to take his trials in an order different from that decided up?n prior to the start of the competition, but the competitor cannot demand to take all his trials in succession or to take any trials of the rounds in which he has failed to appear. 14.-A competitor in a field event who unreasonably delays making a trial renders himself liable to disqualification. 15.-In order to obtain a better grip competitors in the pole :-ault and throwing events are permitted to use an adhesIve substance such as resin or a similar substance on their hands only. 16.-The Referee shall have the power to change the place of the competition in any field event, if in his opinion the conditions justify it. Such a change shall be made only after a round has been completed. 17.-Except in the case of relay races run in lanes (see Rule 166), competitors may not make check-marks or objects on or alongside the rl.)nning track for their assIstance. IS.-In international matches where the result of a match is to be.deteJ7!1ined by the scoring of points, the method. of scorm& wIll, unless otherwise agreed by all the competmg countnes before the meeting, be as follows: (a) Where there are two teams with two competitors in each event: 5,3,2, 1. (b) there are three teams with two competitors m each event, or two teams with three competitors in each event, or six teams with one competitor in each event: 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. (c) In relay races with two teams: 5, 2. In relay races with three teams: 7, 5, 3. In relay races with six teams: 7,5,4, 3, 2, 1. NOTE.-The scoring system set out above is based on the number of athletes (or teams in relay races) entitled to compete in each event, and will not be changed if the number actually competing in any event is smaller.

RULE 143 Rounds, Heats and Qualifying Trials

Track Events I.-Preliminary rounds (heats) shall be held in track events in which the number of competitors is too large to allow the competition to be conducted satisfactorily in a single round (final). .

2.-The heats and qualifying conditions shall be arranged by the Committee conducting the Meeting, except in the Olympic Games when the Council of the I.A.A.F. will act, and in the European Championships when the European Committee will act. The representatives of each nation shall be placed as far as possible in different heats, which shall be so arranged that not less than six competitors shall qualify for the final. NOTE.-It is recommended, when heats are being arranged, that the latest standard performances by the competitors be taken into consideration and the heats so arranged that normally the best performers should reach the final.

3.-In any competition where there are more com-II petitors than can be placed in the first row, the draw for stations shall be by nations, when one competitor from each nation shall be placed in the order of the draw. Additional starters from any nation shall then be placed behind, in the same order. 4.-A competitor shall not be allowed to compete in a heat other than the one in which his name appears, except in circumstances which in the opinion of the Referee justify an alteration. 5.-In all preliminary rounds, at least the first and second in each heat shall qualify for the next round. RULE 143

76 6.-The following minimum times must be allowed, when practicable, between the last heat of any round and the first heat of a subsequent round or final: Up to and including 220 yards... 45 minutes Over 220 yards and up to and including 1,000 metres 90 minutes Over 1,000 metres 3 hours

Field Events 7.-In any field event, a qualifying trial may be held if necessary, to decide who shall compete in the competition proper. The qualifying conditions shall be arranged by the Committee conducting the Meeting except in the Olympic Games when the Council of the I.A.A.F. wiII act, and in the European Championships when the European Committee wiII act. The competitors shall compete in the order drawn by lot and where possible their names shall be pJaced in the programme in the order drawn. (Also see RuJes 171, para. J, and 181, para. 1.)

Combined Events-Pentathlon and Decathlon 8.-The order of competing shall be drawn before each separate event. 9.-Three triaJs only are allowed in the Jong jump, 11 shot put, discus and javeJin. 1O.-In 100 metres, 200 metres, 400 metres, 80 metres hurdJes and 110 metres hurdJes events the competitors shall be drawn by Jot in groups by the Referee, so that where possibJe three or four competitors start in each group; and in 1,500 metres, five or six competitors. The Referee should so arrange the groups that never less than two competitors start in anyone test. He shall have the power to rearrange the groups if in his opinion it is desirable. (Also see Rule 195.)

RULE 144 Doping I.-Doping is the of .drugs with tl:e intention of increasing athletic efficIency by theIr stimulating action upon of or by paralysing the sense of fatIgue. TheIr use IS strongly deprecated not only on moral grounds but because of their danger to health. 2.-Any competitor who uses drugs as defined above shall be suspended from active participation in amateur athletics for such period as the C;0!,111ciI of the. shaH prescribe, and any person aldmg or abettmg 111 the use of drugs shaH be permanently excluded from any ground where the rules of the I.A.A.F. are in force. RULE 145 Measurements and Weights

I.-All measurements must be made with a certified steel tape or bar graduated in centimetres. and/or quarter-inches, and aH implements must be weIghed on a governmentally approved balance. 2.-In measuring the distances of throwing, putt!ng and jumping events, that part of the steel tape the distance achieved must be held by an offiCIal at the take-off point, the circle or scratch line. Distances, if measured in metres shall always be recorded to the nearest centimetre 'below the distance covered, i.e., fractions less than one centimetre must be ignored, except that in the case of the discus, .hammer and i.avelin throws distances shall be recorded 111 even 2 centimetre units (e.g. 62,44, 62'46, etc.) to the nearest unit belOW. Distances if measured in feet, shaH be recorded to the 'nearest quarter-inch below the distance covered, except that in the case of the discus, hammer and javelin throws, distances be recorded in units of 1 inch, to the nearest 111ch below. In

RULES 144-145

(b) If the tie still remains, the competitor with the

jumping for height, all measurements shall be made perpendicularly from the ground with a certified steel tape or bar to the lowest part of the upper side of the bar. NOTE.-For measurements for World Records for all field events, see Rule 148 (4) (d). 3.-A scientific measuring apparatus, such as a datum line measurer, the accuracy of which is approved by the Governmental Weights and Measures department of the country where the events are held, may be used when approved by the LA.A.F. 4.-Measurements for long distance events over roads must be carried out by a professional surveyor who shall furnish two certificates as to correctness: alternatively a wheel certified as to correctness may be used. (Also see Rule 126.)

lowest total of failures throughout the competition up to and including the height last cleared shall be awarded the higher place.

lowest total number of jumps (whether successful or not) throughout the competition up to and including the height last cleared shall be awarded the higher place.

ExampleHigh Jump

RULE 146 Ties

B C

Ties shall be decided as follows: Track Events I.-In the event of a tie in any heat which affects the qualification of competitors to compete in the next round or final, where practicable, the tying competitors shall both qualify, failing which they shall compete again. In case of a tie for first place in any final, the Referee is empowered to decide whether it is practicable to arrange for the competitors so tying to compete again. If he decides it is not, the result shall stand. Ties in other placings shall remain. Field Events 2.-ln jumping or vaulting for height: (a) The competitor with the lowest number of jumps at the height at which the tie occurs shall be awarded the higher place. RULE 146

1-78

1·82

JoB5

Metres 1-90 JoB8

1·92

5'10"

6'0"

6'1"

6'2"

6'3"

6'4"

Total 6'5" failures

Xv v v

v x

Xv V XXv XXv XXv

XXv XXv XXv Xv

xxx xxx xxx xxx

_ = Did not jump.

!I I

v = Cleared. x =

1·94

4 4

Total Jumps

Pas.

8 9

2 3 4 I

Failed.

A, B, C and D all cleared 1·92 metres (6 ft. 4 in.) and failed at 1-94 metres (6 ft. 5 in.). The rule regarding ties comes into operation, and as "D" cleared 1·92 metres (6 ft. 4 in.) at his second attempt, the others taking three, he is declared the winner. The other three will tie and the Judges add up the total number of failures, up to and including the height last cleared, i.e., 1·92 metres (6 ft. 4 in.) "C" has more failures than "A" or "B", and is therefore awarded fourth place. "A" and "B" still tie and the Judges add up the total number of jumps up to and including the height last cleared, i.e., 1·92 metres (6 ft. 4 in.), "A" being awarded second place.

81 (d) If the tie still remains:

(i) If it concerns the first place, the competitors tying shall have one more jump at the height at which they failed, and if no decision is reached, the bar shall be lowered or raised to the heights which shall be announced before the commencement of the competition; with one jump at each height until the tie is decided. Competitors so tying must jump on each occasion when deciding the tie. (Also see Rule 171, para. 9.) (ii) If it concerns any other place, the competitors shall be awarded the same place in the competition. 3.-In those field events where the result is determined by distance, the second best performance of the competitors tying shall decide the tie. If the tie still remains, the third best, and so on. (Also see Rule 148, para. 5.) RULE 147

Protests I.-Protests concerning the status of an athlete to participate in a Meeting must be made, prior to the commencement of such Meeting, to the Jury of Appeal, who if unable to give a decision shall refer the protest to the I.A.A.F. 2.-Protests relating to matters which develop during the carrying through of the programme should be made at once, and not later than within thirty minutes after the result has been officially announced, or within fifteen minutes of the occurrence in a preliminary round. 3.-Any such protests must be made in writing by a responsible official to the Referee (who in case of necessity shall refer to the Jury of Appeal) accompanied by RULE 147

the. der:osit of one pound sterling or its equivalent before :s taken. The deposit will be forfeited if the protest IS consIdered to be frivolous. (Also see Rule 115.) (Reference Sh01!ld be made when necessary to the R\lles for OlympIC Games and European ChampionShIpS, 301-311 and 351-365 respectively.) RULE 148

World Records I.-When a World Record is to be claimed the I.A.A.F. member in the country where the record' perfo.rmance was made shall proceed to establish the record WIthout delay. 2.-The official application form of the I.A.A.F. shall b.e filled in and forwarded to the I.A.A.F. office within SIX months. If the application concerns a foreign athlete a duplicate of the form shall be sent to the National Association of the athlete in question. 3.-A World Record shall be accepted if the application form is submitted by the member where the record was made and is certified by the Referee Judges and Recorder of the Meeting as to: ' place; time of day; state of weather; condition of track or field; force and direction of wind; level or gradient of ground; cor.rectr;ess as to the distance covered by the competItor m a race; of announced time, distance or height, weIght, measurement and material of implement and that the athletic rules of the I.A.A.F. have been strictly followed. RULE 148

4.-The following conditions shall apply to all World Records: (a) The record has been approved by the National Association of the country where the record was made. (b) The record must be made out of doors, and must not have been made on a wooden surface. Running and walking records may be made only on a track which is not banked. (c) Running and walking records .must .be timed by official Timekeepers, as provided III Rule 119 (accepted by the National Association as such), whose watches must have been exhibited to the Chief Timekeeper for confirmation of the recorded. Times recorded by approved electncal timing devices (see Rule 119) may also be accepted. (d) Records in field events must be measured by three Field Judges with a certified graduated in centimetres or by a sCientific apparatus approved by 'the Governmental Weights and Measures department of the country where the games are held, and approved by the LA.A.F. Measurements for World Records for field events must be made and submitted in metres to the nearest centimetre below, except that in the ca.se of the discus, javelin and throws distances shall be recorded III even 2 centimetre units to the nearest unit below (e.g. 62-44, 62Âˇ46 etc.) For the information of coun.tries these records will also be shown In feet and Inches, the conversion being made to the nearest quarter inch. (e) The record must be made in a bona fide scratch competition which has been duly fixed and

advertised before the day and is included in the printed programme of the meeting together with the names of the entrants for the event. A race must be stated over one distance only. It is, therefore, not considered a bona fide scratch competition if any of the runners compete at a shorter distance than others in the same race. It is permissible for the same athlete to accomplish in the same race any number of records but it is not permissible for an athlete to be credited with a record at a shorter distance if he did not finish the race over the full distance for which the race has been fixed. In field events a handicap may be combined with the scratch competition. (f)

For the 200 metres and 220 yards (including hurdles) there shall be two separate classes of records; those made on a straight course, and those on a course with bends. Records over these distances made on tracks of more than 440 yards perimeter, or not started on perimeter, shall be classified as made on straight courses.

(g)

The Organisers of the competition shall refrain from stating or including in any advertisement, programme or written matter of any kind, any suggestion that any event will be an attempt upon a record. The record must be made in a bona fide competition included in the programme of the Meeting at which it was held. In deciding whether the competition was a bona fide one the International Amateur Athletic Federation will consider whether the claimant was unfairly assisted towards the time accomplished by pacing from another competitor apparently designed to assist him to achieve a record.

84 No running record at any distance over 220 shall be recognised if made on a t.rack exceedIng 440 yards in perimeter or carryIng more than eight lanes, or not started on some part of the perimeter. This limitation does not apply t.o steeplechase events where the water jump IS placed outside a normal 400 metres or 440 yards track. I For walking records the track must be an from 350 metres (minimum) to 500 metres (maxImum) with two curves and two straigh!s from 60 metres (minimum) to 120 metres (maxImum). For all records up to 220 and the long jump and triple jump, as to wind conditions must be avaI!able. If. the. comIn the dIrectIOn of ponent of the wind the racing behind the competItor 2 metres (6 ft. 6 in.) per second the record wIll not be accepted. . . The periods for whIch the WInd component shall be measured are as follows; from the report of the pistol: Seconds 10 80 m. hurdles 10 lOOm. 10 110 m. or 120 yds. hurdles ... 20 200 m. } straight and hurdles 220 yds. In 200 metres or 220 yards (including hurdles) run on a curve, the component shall be. measured for a period of 10 seconds, commenCIng as the runners enter the straight. In jumping events it shall be measured for a . period of 5 seconds. In each case the average wind speed durIng the prescribed period will be calculated. (h) The record must be better than or equal the in the latest World Record list, in the event 111

question. If a record at a longer distance is better than the existing record for a shorter distance, a claim may be submitted for records at both distances. (i) In a race run in lanes, no record will be accepted where the runner has run on or inside the inner .curved border of his lane. (j) In the case of women's records all applications must be accompanied by a medical certificate as to sex, drawn up by a qualified medical doctor recognised by the National Association of the athlete claiming the record. 5.-Records for the Pentathlon and Decathlon will be accepted only if the performance in each event, of which the Pentathlon and Decathlon consists, is certified in accordance with the preceding paragraphs of this rule. 6.-Records made in heats or qualifying trials, in deciding ties, and in individual events in Pentathlon and Decathlon competitions will be accepted. 7.-The President and Honorary Secretary of the I.A.A.F. together are authorised to recognise World Records. If in their opinion there is any doubt as to the information concerning any record, Âˇthe application shall be referred to the Council for decision. The I.A.A.F. will inform the member applying for a World Record of the acceptance of the record or will state the reason why the record was not accepted. 8.-The I.A.A.F. office shall keep lists of the World, Olympic and European Records. These lists shall be revised once a year and a copy forwarded to each member of the I.A.A.F. 9.-Members of the I.A.A.F. shall keep a list of the National Records in their own countries. Copies of these lists shall be forwarded to the I.A.A.F. office in January each year.

â&#x20AC;˘ 87

86 NOTE.-(I) The official World Record plaques, as designed by the I.A.A.F. for presentation to World Record holders, will be supplied by the 1.A.A.F. provided National Associations remit the cost. (2) Refer to Rule 381 as to the events for which World Records are approved. (3) It is recommended that National Associations should adopt similar rules to the above for the recognition of their own records. RULE 149 Official AtWetic Implements

I.-In all international competitions the implements used must comply with the specifications fO!:, official implements adopted by the I.A.A.F. set out m Rules 201-216. 2.-All such implements shall be provided by the organisers of the meeting. No is allowed. to .use any other implements, with the exceptIOn of vaultmg poles and starting blocks, in which c.ase they mar. use their own, provided these comply WIth the condItIOns laid down in the rules. (Also see Rules 173 and 215; Rule 181, para. 9.) SECTION III

RUNNING EVENTS RULE 161 Track and Lanes

(See diagram opposite) I.-The running track should be not less 7}2 metres (24 ft.) in width and be bordered on the InSIde WIth RULES 149, 161

/OI\OUHD

LEVEL

cement, wood or other suitable material, 5 centimetres (2 in.) in height, and not more than 5 centimetres (2 in.) in width. 2.-The measuremenr shall be taken 30 centimetres (I ft.) outward from the inner border of the track. 3.-(a) In all races up to and including 440 yards, each competitor shall have a separate lane of at least 1Âˇ22 metres (4 ft.) in width, to be marked by lines of chalk or similar substance, 5 centimetres (2 in.) in width. The inner lane shall be measured as stated in paragraph 2 above, but the remaining lanes shall be measured 20 centimetres (8 in.) from the outer edges of the chalk lines. NOTE.-The chalk line on the right hand only of each lane shall be included in the measurement of the width of each lane. (See diagram on page 92.) (b) In the 4 x 400 metres, 4 x 440 yards, 4 x 200 metres and the 4 x 220 yards relay races, where the first lap is run in lanes, the takeover shall take place with the runners keeping their lanes throughout the next curve. The competitors are free to take over any position on the track at the entrance to the following straight which shall be marked with a flag set on a post at least 1Âˇ50 metres (5 ft.) high on each sipe of the track and a line

88 5 centimetres (2 in.) wide across the track. The distance from start to finish shall be measured in such a way that the competing teams shall each run the same distance of 4 x 400 metres (4 x 440 yards) or 4 x 200 metres (4 x 220 yards). (See also Rule 166, para. 4, and Rule 142, para. 7.) (For recommended method of setting out the starts see page 91.) (c) In all Area Championships, European Championships and Olympic Games, the 800 metres (880 yards) event shall be run with the first bend in lanes, the maximum number of available lanes being used. NOTE.-In international matches the use of lanes will be by agreement between the competing countries. The starts shall be so staggered that the distance from start to finish shall be the same for each competitor. (For recommended method of setting out the starts see page 89.) . 4.-The direction of running shall be left-hand inside. 5.-In international meetings the track should allow for at least six lanes. 6.-The maximum allowance for lateral inclination of tracks shall not exceed 1 : 100 and in the running direction 1 : 1,000. NOTE.-(a) It is recommended that where possible the length of the track should be not less than 400 metres or 440 yards and the width should allow for seven lanes, particularly in major events, such as the Olympic Games and Continental Championships. (b) Where it is not possible for the inner edge of the running track to have a raised border, the inner edge shall be marked with lines of chalk 5 centimetres (2 in.) in width; it shall also be flagged at intervals of 5 metres (or 5 yards). Flags must be so placed on the chalk line as to prevent any competitor running on the chalk line and they shall be placed at an angle of 60 degrees with

89 the fJ.round away tram the track. Flags approximately 25 centimetres (10 In.) by 20 centimetres (8 in.) in size mounted on a staff 45 centimetres (18 in.) long are the most suitable for the purpose. World Records will be accepted under these conditions, subject to the further requirements contained in Rule 148. SETTING OUT STARTS FOR

800 METRES (880 YARDS)

WHERE FIRST CURVE IS RUN IN LANES.

'ÂŤ ". B' :

B' : B"

FINISH LINE

STARTS IN RESPECTIVE LANES

C POINT AT WHICH TANGENT FROM Y MEETS 30 CENTIMETRE LINE IN INSIOE LANE

POINTS OF DENOUEMENT FROM LANES

H0T10SU.Lf

As the runners are permitted to leave their respective lanes on entering the back straight the starting positions must care for two factors. Firstly the normal echelon allowance which would be applicable were the race to be of 200 metres starting at the same point on the track; and secondly an adjustment to the starting point in each lane to compensate for the runners in the outside lane having further to go to reach the inside position on the track at the end of the back straight than those in the inside lanes. The following method of arriving at the starting position in each lane is recommended.

......•.

----.---_.

90 Mark B"-in the !nside lane the point. of entry into the back straight 30 centimetres (12 Ill.) from the inside kerb. 2. Fix point Y, which is the point in outer l:;-ne in prolongation of the line A B" 20 centimetres (8 Ill.) from the inner line of the lane. 3. Fix point C, which is the point OJ?- the path of the runner, namely 30 centimetres. (12 Ill.) from the inside kerb at which the back straight ends and the next curve commences. 4. With radius C B" describe an arc across the track B" X. This line must be flagged at each. end to indicate to the runners that they may leave their lanes at this stage. . For lanes 2 to 6 this point can be determllled hy intersection of B" X and the path of the runner, which is 20 centimetres (8 in.) from the line marking the inside of his lane. . .. 5. The correct adjustment to the startlllg pOSitIOns can now be determined. The normal starting position in eac,h lane for a metre race must be advanced by the distance the POllltS of denouement from the lanes, viz.: B2 B3 B' B5 B6 are in advance of the line B" Y. An indication of the distance by which the normal starting position in each lane must be advanced can seen from the following calculations, where la?e IS . the standard width of 1·22 metres and the straight IS 80 metres long: Lane 1 + zero. 2 + 1 cm. " 3 + 3'5 cm. " 4 + 8·4 cm. " 5 + 14·5 cm. " 6 + 23·5 cm. " 7 + 33'5 cm. " 8 + 44·5 cm. 1.

SETTING OUT STARTS AND CHANGE OVER AREAS FOR 4 x 400 METRES (4 x 440 YARDS) RELAY WHERE ONE LAP PLUS ONE COMPLETE CURVE IS RUN IN LANES. Xy

30CI.I5

A -

FINISH LINE STARTS IN

FIRST RELAY

- MIDDLE OFFlPSTTAJI,EOVER ZONE IN EACH LAHE. J>:. IS IDENTICAL WITH

s' A

20tolrn.ES

NOTTOSCAtE

I.-Since the first runner in each team has to cover the full lap in lanes and the second runner has to keep in his lane until entry to the back straight, the method described to set out starts for 800 metres should be followed to determine the first take-over zones, which will be within two lines set out 10 metres either side of A" A2 A' etc. 2.-Echelon starting positions for the first runner in each team must be set out as follows: Inside lane S" identical with A", Lane 2 S2 =A2 plus normal stagger for 400 metres. S3 =A3 plus normal stagger Lane 3 for 400 metres. =A' plus normal stagger Lane 4 S' for 400 metres. and so on.

92 3.-The take-over zones for the second and last takeovers will be the normal 10 metre lines either side of the start / finish line A.A. RULE 162

The Start and Finish I.-The start and finish of a race shall be denoted by a line marked in chalk 5 centimetres (2 in.) in width at right angles to the inner edge of the track. The distance of the race shall be measured from the edge of the starting line further from the finish, .to the edge of the finish line nearer to the start. Two whIte posts shall denote the extremities of the finish line, and shall be placed at least 30 centimetres (1 ft.) from the edge of the track. (For . . apparatus see Rule 216) In all races not run m lanes the startmg lme shall be curved so that wherever it occurs on the track all the runners can cover the same distance in the race.

RULE 162

. 2.-All be started by the actual report of a pIstol or any slmJ1ar apparatus fired upwards into the air, but not before all the competitors are quite still on their marks. 3.-.At all international meetings the words of the Starter, in his own mother tongue, shall be "On your marks", "Set", and when all competitors are "Set" the pistol shall be fired. ' 4.-If for any reason the Starter has to speak to any competitor either before or after the word "Set", he shall order all competitors to stand up and the Clerks of the Course shall place them on the assembly line again. 5.-0n the command "Set" all competitors shall at once and without delay assume their full and final set position. Failure to comply with this command after a reasonable time shall constitute a false start. 6.-If a competitor leaves his mark with hand or foot after the word "Set" but before the shot is fired it shall be considered a false start. ' 7.-Any competitor making a false start must be warned. If a competitor is responsible for two false starts he shall be disqualified. (Also see Rule 195, para. 4 (c), for Pentathlon and Decathlon.) 8.-If in the opinion of the Starter the start was not fair, he must recall the competitors with a second shot. If the unfair start was due to one or more competitors "beating the pistol", it shall be considered a false start and the Starter must warn the offender or offenders, who shall be disqualified if they continue to offend after one such warning. NOTE.-In practice, when one of more competitors "beat the pistol" others are inclined to follow and, strictly speaking, any competitor who does so follow has beaten the pistol. The Starter should warn only such competitor or competitors who in his opinion were

94 responsible for beating the pistol. This may result in more than one competitor being warned. If the unfair start is not due to any competitor no warning shall be given. 9.-Sta rting blocks or foot supports may be used. If starting blocks or foot supports are used, both feet must be in contact with the track while starting. Competitors may use their own starting blocks or foot supports. 1O.-U nless in the opinion of the Referee it is undesirable because of the direction and the velocity of the wind, worsted shall be stretched across the track between the finish posts 1'22 metres (4 ft.) above the ground and fastened to the posts for the purpose of assisting the Referee and Judges in placing the competitors. It shall be immediately above the edge of the finish line which is nearer to the start. 1I.-T he competitors shall be placed in the order in which any part of their bodies (i.e. "torso " (including neck) as distinguished from the head, arms, legs, hands or feet) reach the nearer edge- of the finish line as defined above. 12.-I n a race for one or two hours running or walking the Starter shall fire the pistol exactly one minute before the end of the race to warn the competitors and jUdges that the race is nearing its end. At exactly one hour or two hours after the start, whichever is appropriate, the Starter shall signal the end of the race by again firing the pistol. All the Timekeepers will immediately stop their watches. The Starter shall be directed by the Chief Timekeeper. At the moment the pistol is fired to signal the expiration of the time the Judges appointed for that purpose shall mark the exact spot where each competitor touched the track for the last time before or simultaneously with the firing of the pistol. The distance achieved shall be measured to the rear edge of the last footprint of the competitor. One Judge at least must be assigned to each competitor before

start of. the race for the purpose of marking the dIstance achIeved. NOTE .-A "PHO TO-F INISH " camera should be used whenever possible to assist the Refere e and the Judges. (Also refer to Rules 120, 121 and 215). RULE 163 Hurdle Races I.-Th e following are the standard distances: WOMEN MEN 87 t yards In In yards 120, 220, 440 In metres 80 In metres 110, 200, 400 2.-ME N. . There shall be ten flights of hurdles in each lane, set out III accordance with the following table: Distance of race

Distance from scratch line

*Height of Hurdle

to first

Distance between hurdles

Distance from last hurdle to finish line

Metres 13-72 18·29 45

Metres 9·14 18'29 35

Metres 14'02 17·10 40

hurdle

Metres 110 200 400

Minimum Maximum Cm. Cm. 106'4 107'0 75'9 76'5 91-1 91'7

Yards Ft. In. 120 3 5'89 220 2 5'882 440 2 11-867

Ft. In. Yards Yards Yards 3 6'126 15 15 10 2 6'118 20 20 20 3 0'102 49·25 38·25 46'5

*Refer to Rule 213 for construction and standard heights of hurdles. RULE 163

96 WOMEN. There shall be eight flights of hurdles in each lane, set out as follows: Distance of race

*Height of Hurdle

Distance from scratch line to first hurdle

Distance between hurdles

Distance from last hurdle to finish line

Minimum Maximum Metres Metres Metres Cm. Cm. Metres 12 8 12 76·5 75·9 80 Yards Ft. In. Ft. In. Yards Yards Yards 87! 2 5·882 2 6·118 13-125 8·75 13-125 NOTE .-The tolerance allowance above and below the standard heights is to allow for variation in the manufacture of the hurdles. 3.-Al l races shall be run in lanes and each competitor shall keep to his own lane throughout. 4.-A competitor who trails his foot or leg alongside any hurdle or jumps any hurdle not in his own lane or deliberately knocks down any hurdle by hand shall be disqualified. 5.-Ex cept as provided in paragraph 4 this !ule the knocking down of hurdles shall not dlsquahfy nor prevent a record being made. 6.-In establishing a World Record a complete set of hurdles of the international type must be used. (Refer to Rule 213.)

RULE 164 Steeplechase . I.-Th e standard distances shall be: Ill.). 8 ft. 2 yards 1,520 In metre s-3,00 0 Cl mile In miles -2 miles (3,218'65 metres). *Refer to Rule 213 for construction and standard heights of hurdles. RULE 164

shall be 28 hurdle jumps and 7 water jumps . 3,090 metres event, and 32 hurdle jumps Illcluded III and 8 water Jumps III the 2 miles event. 3.-Th e water jump Shall be the fourth jump in each lap. If necessary the finish line shall be moved to another part of the track. NOTE.-Owing to the water jump having to be conon the arena,inside or outside the track, thereby the normal distance of the laps, or It IS not possIble to lay down any rule specifying the exact length of the laps nor to state precisely the position Of the water jump. It should be borne in mind that there must be enough distance from the starting line to the first hurdle to prevent the competitors from overcrowding, and there should be approximately 68 metres or 76 yards from the last hurdle to the finish line. EXAM PLE: The following measurements are given . as a guide and any adjustments necessary should be made by lengthening or shortening the distance at the starting point of the race. It is assumed that a lap of 400 metres or 440 yards has been shortened by 10 metres or 10 yards by constructing the water jump inside the track. Lap of 390 metres Distance from starting point to COmmencement of 1st lap, ... 270 metres to be run without jumps Distance from COmmen cement lOm. of 1st lap to 1st hurdle . 78 m. From 1st to 2nd hurdle '" 78 m. From 2nd to 3rd hurdle

From 3rd hurdle to water jump From water jump to 4th hurdle

From 4th hurdle to finishing line

78 m. 78 m. 68 m.

Lap of 430 yards 80 Yds. 10 yds. 86 yds. 86 yds. 86 yds. 86 yds. 76 yds.

81aps, -_ _

7 laps of 390 m. ::: 273J m. 3000 m.

430 yds. ::: 3440 yds.

3520 yds. = (2 miles)

4.-Th e distance from the starting point to the commenc emen tof the first lap shall not include any jumps, the hurdles being removed until the competitors have entered the first lap. 5.-Th e hurdles shall be not less than 91·1 centimetres (2 ft. 11'867 in.) nor more than 91·7 centimetres (3 ft. 0·102 in.) high and shall be at least 3'96 metres (13 ft.) in width. The section of the top bar of the hurdles, and the hurdle at the water jump, shall be 127 millimetres (5 in.) square. The weight of each hurdle shall be between 80 kilogrammes (176t lb.) and 100 kilogrammes (220t lb.). Each hurdle shall have on either side a base between 120 centimetres (3 ft. 11·244 in.) and 140 centimetres (4 ft. 7·118 in.). (See Diagra m). 1 - - - - 396,

::::;==:l/tfllf

12'7

1-o-- ---36 6/0_ _

si-I.l.Q.I"'Go

fi}(ul hl,ol..r.c:llc. 3'0,_

h.a,in,

W6l.tc.r It.vc.l

76.•

P.C. COhcr.,t: 15,0 thic.k

...

"'":::: \'

366,o. L./A1r -----1; i---1-- -/-'---" -" A

. - - - , . ....

"'0.

.: ",'

1-0- ----- 3 6.,0

._ .. '

" .. _

..., WATr; R

JUMP

"'UR DL..E.

The hurdle shall be placed on the track so that 30 centimetres (1 ft.) of the top bar, measured from the inside edge of the track, will be inside the field. 6.-Th e water jump, including the hurdle, shall be'I 3·66 metres (12 ft.) in length and width. The water shall be 76 centimetres (2 ft. 6 in.) in depth immediately in front of the hurdle and slope to the level of the ground at the further end. The hurdle at the water jump shall be firmly fixed in front of the water and be of the same height as the others in the competition.

7.-Ea ch competitor must go over or throucrh the other water, !!nd anyone who steps to the one side or hurdle any ide alongs leg or foot his trails or of the Jump shall be disqualified. He may jump or vault over each a foot on each hurdle and on the hurdle hurdle, or at the water Jump. RULE 165

Marathon Race (42,195 metre s-26 miles 385 yards) I.-Th e Marathon race shaH be run on main roads' when traffic or similar circumstances make it unsuitable', RULE 165

100 the course, duly marked, may be on a bicycle path or footpath alongside the road, but not on soft wound such as grass verges or the like. The start and finIsh may be within an athletic arena. be so designed that as little as possIble IS traversed m more than one direction. NOTE.-It is recommended in measuring the course that it should be measured one metre from the verge of the road and in the running direction. 2.-Each competitor must send with his. e?try .a medical certificate from a qualified doctor certIfymg hIS fitness to take part in a race of this kind, and shall be required to take a physical examination the race by a qualified doctor who be a.ppomted by the organisers. If the doctor consIders It dangerous or inadvisable, the competitor shall not be allowed to start or to continue with the race. 3 -A competitor must retire at once from the race if to do so by a member of the medical staff, officially appointed. 4 -The distance in kilometres and miles on the route shai1 be displayed to all competitors. 5.-Refreshments shall be provided by the organisers of the race at 10 kilometres or 6 miIe;s,. and at every 5 kilometres or 3 miles. In addItIOn the orgamsers shall provide sponging points, where water only shall be supplied mid-way between each two refreshment carried or taken .by a stations.' No refreshment may competitor other than that provIded by the orgamsers; but the athlete may specify the type of refreshment desired. (Also see Rule 142 para. 11.) RULE 166 Relay Races I.-Chalk lines shall be drawn across the track to mark the distances of the stages and to denote the scratch line. RULE 166

101 2.-Chalk lines also shall be drawn 10 metres (11 yards) before and after the scratch line to denote the take-over zone within which lines the baton must be passed. These lines are to be included in the zonal measurements. In races up to 4 x 220 yards (4 x 200 metres) members of a team other than the first runner may commence running not more than 10 metres (11 yards) outside the take-over zone. A distinctive mark should be made in each lane to denote this extended limit. In all relay races the baton must be passed within the take-over zone. When a relay race is being run in lanes, a competitor may make a check-mark on the track within his own lane, e.g. by scratching with his shoe, but may not place marking objects on or alongside the track. 3.-The baton must be carried in the hand throughout the race provided that, if dropped, it must be recovered by the athlete who dropped it. 4.-The position of the teams at the start of the race shall be drawn, and shall be retained at each take over zone, except that waiting runners can move to the inside position on the track as incoming team-mates arrive, provided this can be done without fouling. 5.-In events where the first part of the race is run in lanes competitors, after completing this part, are free to take up any position on the track. 6.-Competitors after handing over the baton should remain in their lanes or zones until the course is clear to avoid obstruction to other competitors. Should competitor wilfully impede a member of another team by running out of position or lane at the finish of the stage he is liable to cause the disqualification of his own team. 7.-Assistance by pushing-off or by any other method will cause disqualification.

103

102

8.-0nce a team has competed in the preliminary rounds of an event the composition of the team must not be altered ror any subsequent round or final, in the case of injury or illness certified by the officIal medical officer appointed for the Meeting to be such. as to make it unwise for the competitor to run, when WIth the approval of the Referee it may be permitted. It is permissible for the order of running to be changed as between heats and succeeding rounds or final. No competitor may run two sections for a team. (Also see Rule 142.) RULE 167 Team Races

I.-In team races the maximum number of starters comprising a team and the number of whose positions are to count shall be stated m the programme. 2.-If necessary, preliminary rounds may be held. 3.-Stations shall be drawn and the members of each team shall be lined up behind each other at the start of the race. 4.-The composition of a team must not be changed after a heat has been run except in the case of injury or illness certified by the official medical officer appointed for the Meeting to be such as to make it unwise for the competitor to run, when with the aI;proval ?f Referee it may be permitted. Only competItors fimshmg the full distance are eligible to compete in the final. (See also Rule 166, para. 8.) 5.-The method of scoring shall be optional and may be anyone of the following: (a) By scoring the least number of points, according to the positions in which the scoring members of a team finish. The finishing positions of the nonscoring members of a team shall be scored in RULE 167

computing the scores of other teams, but when a team fails to finish the requisite number to score, it shall be eliminated; or (b) By scoring the least number of points, according to the scoring positions in which the scoring members of a team finish. The positions of the non-scoring members of a team, whether it finishes all its members or not, shall be scored in computing the scores of other teams; or (c) By scoring the least number of points according to the positions in which the scoring members of a team finish. The finishing positions of the nonscoring members of a team, and the members of a team which fails to finish the requisite number to score, shall be eliminated; or (d) By scoring the lowest aggregate of the times recorded by the scoring members. 6.-If two or more competitors tie for any place the points for the places concerned shall be aggregated and divided equally among the competitors so tying. 7.-In case of a tie on points the team whose last scoring member finished nearest to first place shall be the winning team. RULE 168 Cross-Country Races

General Rules. <;>wing to the extremely varying circumstances in whIch cross-country running is practised throughout the world, especially in regard to different seasons, climatic distances, it is impossible to lay down any ngld legIslatIOn for the world standardisation of this sport. . The following rules, however, are intended as a guide and incentive to assist new countries to develop crossRULE 168

104 country running both as a sport in itself and as a training adjunct to track and field events. Except where stated the rules should also apply to women's events. I.-Season. The cross-country season should normally extend throughout the winter months after the close of the track and field season. 2.-The Course. For championship and international events: (a) The race shall be run over a course confined, as far as possible, to open country, fields, heathland, commons and grassland. A limited amount of ploughed land may be included. If the course passes through woodland without any clearly defined path or track it must be clearly marked for the runners. The traversing of road of any description should be limited to the minimum. (b) The course for championship events must be clearly marked, preferably with red flags on the left and white flags on the right, all of which must be visible from a distance of 125 metres (140 yards). In all other respects the appropriate rules governing track competitions shall obtain. (c) When laying out the course very high obstacles should be avoided, so should deep ditches, dangerous ascents or descents, thick undergrowth and, in general, any obstacle which would constitute a difficulty beyond the aim of the competition. It is preferable that artificial obstacles should not be used, but if the scope of the promotion renders them unavoidable they should be made to simulate natural obstacles met with in open country. In cases where there is a large number of competitors, narrow gaps or other hindrances which would deny to the competitors an unhampered run must be avoided for the first 1,500 metres (1,640 yards).

!O5

The course must be measured and the distance declared prior to the closing of entries. (e) The responsibility for providing a proper course and its marking by flags, details of which should appear in the programme, rests with the promoting body, who should appoint clerks \)f the course, umpires and pointsmen at intricate parts of the course to direct competitors and see that they keep to the proper course. If, as the result of a number of competitors failing to follow the correct course or for any other reason, in the opinion of the Referee circumstances arise so that justice demands that the race be contested again, he shall have power to declare the race void and order such race to be held again on some future occasion. NOTE.-For events other than international competitions the foregoing regulations governing the course may be modified according to local circumstances. (d)

3.-Age Qualification. It is recommended that competitors should be placed in age categories: (i) Senior-over 18 years of age on day of race. (ii) Junior-over 18 and under 21 years of age on dav of race. (iii) Youths-over 16 and under 18 years of age on day of race. (NOTE.-In arranging details for a race it should be defined whether the age limits ruling are those on the day of the race or at the opening of the cross-country season).

4.-Distances. (a) The distance for seniors should not be less than 8 kilometres 5 miles), for juniors, not more than 10 kdometres (approx. 6 miles) and youths 5 kilometres (approx. 3 miles).

106 (b) For National Championships it is recommended

that the distances for seniors should be not less than l4i kilometres (9 miles), for juniors not more than 10 kilometres (approx. 6 miles) and for youths 5 kilometres (approx. 3 miles). (c) In international races the senior race should not be less than 12 kilometres (approx. 7i miles) and the junior race 8 kilometres (approx. 5 miles). (d) For women's events the distances should be normally 0'5, 1 or 2 kilometres, but it is recommended that the distances should not exceed 3 kilometres (approx. 2 miles).

5.-Teams and Reserves. (a) For other than national championships and international competitions in general each team should be allowed to enter and run twice the number entitled to score and, in addition, may enter reserves equal to the number to score. For example: In a race in which six a side have been nominated to score, each team may be allowed to enter and run twelve competitors with six nominated reserves. (b) For national championships it is recommended that in the senior race teams be entitled to enter fifteen, nine to run, six to score for points, and for the junior and youths' races twelve to enter, six to run, four to score for points. (c) For international senior races the governing body of member countries must enter a team of not less than six nor more than nine competitors and five reserves. Not more than nine nor less than six runners shall be allowed to start in the race. For international junior races the governing body of member countries shall enter a team of not less than three, nor more than five cornÂˇ petitors and two reserves.

107

Not more than five nor less than three runners from each country will be allowed to start in the race. (d) Except in international races it is recommended that entries from individuals should be accepted and members of depleted teams who on the day are un.able t? field the necessary scoring number n:ay, If deSIred, be allowed to compete as indlVlduals. (See para. 8 (b).) 6.-,The Start. The race shall be started by the firing of a PIStOl. . !n races which include a large number of competitors It IS recommended that a five-minute warning before the start of the races should also be given by the firing of a maroon. competitor in cross-country events is allowed to or refreshment from any person dunng the progress of the race. 8.-Scoring. (a) At the conc!usion of a race the Judges shall decide the respectIve places of the scoring competitors of each comP:ting team, add these together and the team havmg the lowest aggregate shall be declared the winners. (b) In .the aggregate the finishing positions of any mdlvldual runners may be eliminated and positions adjusted accordmgly, but wIth large fields this is not recommended. Cc) In the event of a tie it shall be resolved in favour of the team whose last scoring member finishes nearer the first place. 9.-0fficials. The following officials are considered to be. necessary principal international events but lIberty to vary these where local cirorgamsers are cumstances reqUIre.

109

108

Referee Judge Judge's stewards Timekeeper Timekeeper's recorder Starter Funnel controller Chief Funnel Judge Funnel Judge and recorder Funnel stewards Disc distributors Chief result recorder Result recorders Disc area stewards Press stewards Chief competitors' steward and stewards Chief clerk of course Prize stewards

Running High Jump 15 metres or 50 feet ") Running Long Jump Triple Jump metres or 130 feet Pole Vault NOTE: Where conditions permit the runways should not be shorter than the following: Running High Jump 18 metres (57 ft. 3 in.) Running Long Jump }45 metres (147 ft. Triple Jump 6 in.) Pole Vault

3.--In all jumping events each competitor shall be credited with the best of all his jumps subject to conditions relating to ties. (Also see Rule 146.) 4.-The employment of weights or grips of any kind is forbidden. 5.-The take-off ground about the jump must be level.

SECTION IV

JUMPING EVENTS RUNNING HIGH JUMP; RUNNING LONG JUMP; TRIPLE JUMP; POLE VAULT

RULE 171 General Rules

General I.-The order in which the competitors take their trials shall be drawn by lot. (Also see Rule 143, para. 7.)

2.-In all jumping events the length. of the runway is unlimited. The minimum length provided for the runway in each case shall be as follows: RULE 171

6.-The maximum allowance for lateral inclination of the runways for jumping events shall not exceed 1 : 100 and in the running direction 1 : 1,000. 7.-In the high jump a competitor may place marks (supplied by the Organising Committee) to assist him in his run-up and take-off and a small handkerchief or similar object on the cross bar for sighting purposes. In the pole vault, long jump and triple jump, no marks shall be placed on the run-up, but a competitor may place marks (supplied by the Organising Committee) alongside the run-up. No marks shall be placed in any pit or landing area. Jumping for Height and Pole Vaulting 8.-The uprights or posts shall be not less than 3Âˇ66 metres (12 ft.) and not more than 4Âˇ02 metres (13 ft. 2t in.) apart.

110

9.-Be fore the commencement of competitions in jumping for height, the Judges shall announce to the competitors the commencing height and the different heights to which the bar will be raised at the end of each round. The extent to which the bar will be raised or lowered in deciding a tie for the first place should also be announced. (Also see Rule 146, para. 2, sub-section d (1).)

10.-A competitor may commence jumping at any height above the minimum height and may jump at his own discretion at any subsequent height. Three consecutive failures, regardless of the height at which any of such failures occur, disqualify from further jumping. NOTE .-The effect of this rule is that a competitor may forgo his second or third jumps or vaults at a particular height (after failing first time) and still jump at a subsequent height. 11.-E ven after all the other competitors have failed, a competitor is entitled to continue jumping until he has forfeited his right to compete further. 12.-A ny measurement of a new height should be made before competitors attempt such height. In all cases of records the Judges must check the measurements after the height has been cleared. NOTE .-Judg es should ensure, before commencing the competition, that the underside and front of the cross-bar are distinguishable and that the bar is always replaced with the same surface uppermost and the same surface to the front. (Also see Rule 143.) Jumping for distance B.-W here there are more than six competitors, each competitor shall be allowed three trials and the six competitors with the best jumps shall be allowed three additional trials. In the event of a tie for sixth place, any

111

c<;mpetitor so tying shall be allowed the three additional tnals. y,'here there are six competitors or fewer each ' competItor shall be allowed six trials. 2.) (Also refer to Rule 142 para. RULE 172 Running High Jump

I.-Th e competitor must take-off from one foot. 2.-Kn ockin g the bar off the supports or touching the ground beyond the plane of the uprights with any part I1 of the body before taking off shall count as a failure. 3.-Th e .uprights or posts shall not be moved during unless the Referee considers the take-off the d has become unsuitable. groun g landm or In such a case the change shall be made only after a round has been completed. (For apparatus refer to Rule 201.) RULE 173 Pole Vault

may have the uprights moved in . l.-Ap y may not be moved more than they but eIther the prolongation of the from ft.) (2 ?O . centImetres ard. If the uprights stopbo the of top mSlde edge of the re-measurement to a make are moved, the height (Also refer the in On ensure that there IS no vanatl . to Rule 145.) 2.-Th e take-off for the pole vault shall be from a wooden or metal box which shall be sunk level with the ground. RULES 172-173

113

112

3.-ln addition to the failures mentioned in Rule 171, paragraph 10, a competitor fails if he: (a) knocks the bar off the supports; or (b) leaves the ground for the purpose of making a vault and fails to clear the bar; or (c) after leaving the ground places his lower hand above the upper one or moves the upper hand higher on the pole; or . (d) before taking off touches with any part of hiS 11 body or with the pole, the ground, including landing area, beyond the plane of the stopboard of the wooden box. (e) clears the bar but having relinquished his hold on the pole the latter passes underneath the bar. 4.-If in making an attempt the competitor's pole is broken it shall not be counted as a failure. 5.-No one shall be allowed to touch.the po!e it is faJling away from the bar or upnghts: If It IS so touched the vault shall be recorded as a failure. 6.-Competitors may use their own poles; No competitor shall be allowed to use any of the pnvate poles except with the consent of the owner. (For apparatus see Rules 201 and 202.) RULE 174 Running Long Jump

I.-The take-off shall be marked by a board st:nk level with the runway and the surface the landmg area the edae of which nearer to the landmg area shall be the take-off line. If a competitor takes off before reaching the board, it shall not for that reason be counted as a failure. Immediately the line there shall be placed a board Of, or similar substance for recording the athlete s footprmt when he has foot-faulted. RULE 174

If it. is not possible to install the above apparatus the followmg method shoyld be adopted: immediately in front of the take-off hne and across all the lenath of it ove.r a of 10 centimetres (4 in.) the grounct"'shall be spnnkled with soft earth or sand to make it 13 millimetres (0,5 in.) higher than the take-off board. From the take-off board the earth shall be raised at an angle of 30 to the height of 13 millimetres (0,5 in.). 0

2.-If competitor the ground beyond the take-off hne, or take-off lme extended, with any part of the bo?y, running up without jumping or in the act of Jumpmg, It shall be counted as a failure. 3.-All jumps should be measured from the nearest in the landing area made by any part of the body <;r to the take-off line and at right angles to such hne. If m the course of landing the competitor touches the ground outside the landing area nearer to the takeoff than the nearest break in the landing area made by the jump, such jump shall not be measured but shall count as a failure. . 4.-!n. order t? ensure the correct measuring of any Jump It IS essential that the surface of the sand in the landing area should be accurately controlled so as to be level with the top of the take-off board. An approved apparatus for this purpose is described in Rule 175. 5.-The landing area shall have a minimum width of 2 metres 75 centimetres (9 ft.). 6.-The distance between the take-off and the end of the landing area shall be at least 9 metres (29'5 ft.) 7.-The take-off board shall be not less than 1 metre (3 ft. 3 in.) from the edge of the landing area. (Also see Rule 171.) (For apparatus refer to Rule 203.)

115

114 SECTION V

RULE 175

THROWING EVENTS Triple Jump

HAMMER, SHOT, DISCUS AND JAVELIN

1 -The take-off shall be marked by a boda.rd sunk . . h d the surface of the 1an mg area, (36 ft) from the landing level wIth t e runway an to landing area shall and take-off line. (For apparat?s see Rule 203) If competitor takes off before reachmg board, It shall not for that reason be counted as a faJIure. 2.-The hop shall be made so the . fi 1 d n the same foot WIt whIC e step he on the other foot, from which consequently the Jump IS performed. the 3 -If the competitor while jumping with the "sleeping" leg it shall be consIdered as a failure. 4 -In all other respects the rules for the Running Jump shall apply. (Also see Rule 174.)

CONTROL OF SAND LEVEL IN LONG AND TRIPLE JUMP METAL

FACE

LANDING AREA

TOP OF SIDE WALl.

SCRAPER BOARD

SAND LEVEL

TAKE OFF BOARD

RULE 181 General Rules

I.-The order in which the competitors take their trials shall be drawn by lot. (Also see Rule 143, para. 7.) 2.-Where there are more than six competitors, each competitor shall be allowed three trials and the six competitors with the best performances shall be allowed three additional trials. In the event of a tie for sixth place, any competitor so tying shall be allowed the three additional trials. Where there are six competitors or fewer, each competitor shall be allowed six trials. (Also see Rule 142, para. 2.) 3.-In all throwing events from a circle a competitor must commence the throw from a stationary position. 4.-In all throwing events from a circle a competitor is allowed to touch the inside of the iron band or stop board. It shall be a foul throw and not allowed to count if the competitor, after he has stepped into the circle and commenced to make a throw, touches with any part of his body the top of the stop-board or circle or the ground outside, or improperly releases the shot, discus or hammer in making any attempt. Provided that if in the course of a trial the foregoing rules, and additionally Rule 185 (4) in the case of throwing the hammer, have not been infringed, a competitor may interrupt a trial once started, lay his implement down, return to a stationary position again and begin a fresh trial, provided that there shall not be more than one such interruption in each trial. (Also see Rule 209.) RULE 181

RULE 175

116

5.-Th e competitor must not leave the circle until the implement has touched the ground, and he shall then, from a standing position, leave the circle from the rear half, which shall be indicated by a chalk line drawn through the centre and extended outside the circle, not less than 75 centimetres (30 in.) on each side. A competitor in the javelin throw shall not leave the delivery area until the javelin has touched the ground, and he shaH then, from a standing position, leave the delivery area from behind the arc and the lines drawn from the extremes of the arc at right angles to the paral,lellines which define the runway. In throwing the javelin, a foul throw or improperly releasing the implement in making an attempt shall be recorded as a throw, bu t shaH not count. 6.-In the case of the hammer and discus, for a valid throw, the implement must fall so that the point of impact is within the inner edges of lines marking a sector of 60 set out on the ground so that the radii lines cross at the centre of the circle. In putting the shot, for a valid put the shot must faH so that the point of impact is within the inner edges of lines marking a sector of approximately 65 set out on the ground so that the radii lines touch with their inner edges the extremities of the stop board and cross at the centre of the circle. (Refer to Rule 210.) The ends of the lines marking all sectors should be marked with sector flags. (Also refer to Rule 211.) 7.-Th e measurement of each throw shall be made from the nearest mark made by the fall of the discus, shot, or head of the hammer or javelin to the inside of the circumference of the circle, or the arc in the case of the javelin, along a line from the mark made by the implement to the centre of the circle or the centre of the radius of the arc. 8.-A distinctive flag or disc shall be provided to mark the existing World Record and when appropriate 0

117 !1ational record in each throwing event. In hammer competitions a distinctive Javelin, diSCUS be proVided also to mark the throws of each ag competItor. implements provided by the organ. 9Âˇ-Only h f be used. may Isers 0 t e No. competitor shall be permitted to take any impl e_ ment mto the arena. the

kind which can lO'ciNo instrument or device of any g a throw shall be as a support when makin

1 .-In all throwing events implements must be Charned bbackk to the starting line or circle and never t rown ac. l2.-T he maximum allowance for lateral inclination ys for throwing events shall be 1 . 100 d ?f the direction 1 : 1,000, and that of the ;n mg e 1. 1,000. (Also refer to Rule 142.) RULE 182

Javelin Throwing

I.-Th e length of the runway shall be not more than but not less than 30 metres (98 ft. . n. s a. e. marked by two paraHellines 5 cen tI._ metres (2 m.) m Width and 4 metres (13 ft 1'5') m. al?art. The throw shaH be made from behi d . a drawn wit.h a radius of 8 metres (26 arc suc , n. . f d shall consist of a strip m

(2}5 in) shall be drawn from the extrem",:oun . 'f Iles.o t e arc at rIght angles to the parallel lines marku:g the runway. These lines shall be 1'50 metres and 7 centimetres (2'75 in.) in width. (5 ft.) It 13s3r5ecommended that the runway shOUld be an . metres (110 it.)

RULE 182

118

119 LANDING rOI Nl'

2<j·

r •

1"--.1

7cm

I I I I I I I I I

, ,, ,,I I

III

::>

< of.

\ \

I I

:l: I ..

.{M

\ \

, , I

I I \

5cm

2.-The javelin must be held at the grip. 3.-No throw shall be valid in which the tip of the metal head does not strike the ground before any other part of the javelin, or when the competitor touches, with any part of his body or limbs, the strip or the lines drawn from the extremities thereof at right angles to the parallel lines or the ground beyond those lines or the strip. The competitor may cross either of the parallel lines. At no time after preparing to throw, until the javelin has been discharged into the air, may the competitor turn completely round, so that his back is towards the throwing arc. The javelin shall be thrown over the shoulder or upper part of the throwing arm and must not be slung nor hurled. NOTE.-Non-orthodox styles are not permitted. 4.-All throws to be valid must fall within the inner edge of lines marking the sector set out on the ground by extending for a distance of 90 metres (295 ft. 3 in.), the lines ,from the centre CA) of the circle, of which the arc is a part, through the points CB) and CC) at which the arc joins, the lines marking the runway. The ends of the radii lines should be marked with sector flags. (See Diagram on page 118.) 5.-If the javelin breaks while in the air, it shall not count as a trial provided the throw was made in accordance with the rules. (For implement refer to Rule 204.) RULE 183 Throwing the Discus

I.-The discus shall be thrown from a circle 2·50 metres (8 ft. 2·5 in.) in diameter. (For implement and refer to Rule 205 and Rule 208.) RULE 183

120

121 RULE 184 Putting the Shot

I.-The put shall be made from a circle 2'135 metres (7 ft.) in diameter. At the middle of the circumference in the front half of the circle a stop board shall be placed firmly fastened to the ground. 2.-The shot shaH be put from the shoulder with one hand only. At the time the competitor takes. a stance in the ring to commence a put the shot shall touch or be in close proximity to the chin and the hand shall not be dropped below this position during the action of putting. The shot must not be brought behind the line of the shoulders. 3.-AH measurements shaH be made immediately after each throw. (For implement and apparatus refer to Rule 206 and Rules 209, 210, 211 and 212.) RULE 185 Throwing the Hammer

I.-AH throws shall be made from a circle 2Âˇ135 metres (7 ft.) in diameter. 2.-When throwing the hammer, ordinary gloves for the protection of the hands are permitted. 3.-The competitor in his starting position prior to the preliminary swings or turns is allowed to put the head of the hammer on the ground outside the circle. 4.-It shall not be considered a foul throw if the head of the hammer touches the ground when the competitor makes the preliminary swings or turns; but if, after having so touched the ground, he stops throwing so as to begin the throw again, this shaH count as a trial throw. (For implement and apparatus refer to Rules 207, 208, 209, 211 and 212.) RULES 184-185

5.-.If .the hammer breaks during a throw or while in the It shall not count as a throw provided it was made III accordance with the rules. If the competitor thereby loses his equilibrium and commits a foul, it shaH not count against him. SECTION VI

RULE 191 Walking

I.-Definition. Walking is progression by steps so taken that unbroken contact with the ground is maintained. 2.-Judging. JUdges of walking must be careful to observe that the advancing foot of the walker makes contact with the ground before the rear foot leaves the ground, and in particular that, during the period of each step in which a foot is on the ground the leg shall be straightened (i.e., not bent at the knee) at least for one moment. 3.-Judging and Disqualifications. The appointed Judges of walking shall elect a Chief Judge. All the JU?11ies shaH act in an individual capacity. When, in the opmIOn of (a) two of the Judges, one being the Chief Judge or (b) three Judges other than the Chief Judge a compet!t?r's mo?e of progression fails to comply with the defimtIOn durmg any part of the competition he shaH be dis9,ualified and informed of his disqualificS:tion by the ChIef Judge. In a competition either directly by the I.A.A.F. or taking place under permit, m ,no shall two Judges of the same natIOnalIty have the power to disqualify. RULE 191

123

122

4.-Ef fect may be given to any such disqualification immediately after the conclusion of the competition, if circumstances render impracticable an earlier notice to the competitor of his disqualification.

In races longer than 20 kilometres or 12 miles a competitor may take refreshment after he has cove;ed 10 kilometres or 6 miles, the refreshment station being located away from the race control points.

5.-A competitor may be cautioned when by his mode

with his entry for a S.-Ea ch c?mpetitor must race of 50 kIlometres or 30 nllles or over a medical certificate .from a qualified doctor certifying his fitness to take part III the race. Each competitor shaIJ be required a physical examination before the race by a to 9.uahfied doctor who shall be appointed by the OrganIsers. If the. doctor considers it dangerous or inadvisable compelitor shall not be aIJowed to start or continue III the race.

of progression he is in danger of ceasing to comply with the definition of contact; but he is not entitled to a second caution. The decision to caution a competitor shaH be made under the same procedure as for disqualification set out in parag raph 3. 6.-In track races a competitor who is disqualified must immediately leave the track, and in road races the disqualified competitor must, immediately after his disqualification, remove the distinguishing number or numbers which he is wearing. NOTE .-It is recommended that a system of signalling "caution" by white flag and "disqualification" by red flag be used as far as possible during a walking race for the information of the officials, competitors and spectators. 7.-In aIJ international races of 50 kilometres (or 30 miles) an'tl over, refreshments shall be provided by the organisers, and refreshment stations shall be arranged at 10 kilometres or 6 miles, and thereafter at every 5 kilometres or 3 miles. No refreshment may be carried or taken by any competitor other than that provided or agreed by the organisers. A competitor may submit to them the type of refreshment desired and this must then be handed in to the Organisers at a time and place specified by them. If approved it shaIJ be available at the stations nominated. The Organisers may, at their discretion and to prevent general distress to competitors, supply additional sponging points after 20 kilometres or 12 miles where water Âˇ only shall be supplied.

9.-.In the Olympic Games and in all major events the 50 kIlometres walk shall be so arranged as to ensure approximately at first walker home that the best climatic enJOY III order that he may Ons. condItJ 1O.-F or European Championships and Olympic the circuit for the 20 kilometre event should be a maXImum of 3,000 metres with a minimum of approximately 1,500 metres. RULE 192 International Walking Competition for the " Lugano " Trophy

This c?mpetition will be. held. in alternate years (the years faIJmg between those m WhICh the Olympic Games and Europ ean Championships are held) and will be conby the Walking a SUb-Committee ducted. with Rules ance accord m CommIssJOn of the I.A.A.F. ess. approved by Congr

RULE 192

125

124 SECTION VII COMBINED CO}<!PETITIONS

RULE 195 Pentathlon and Decathlon

MEN I.-The Pentathlon consists of five. events shall be held in the following long ]u!Up; throwmg the javelin; 200 metres; throwmg the dISCUS; and 1,500 metres. 2.-The Decathlon consists of ten events be held on two consecutive days in the followmg order. First day -100 metres; running long jump; putting the shot; running high jump and 400 metres. Second day-110 metres hurdles; throwin& the. discus; pole vault; throwing the ]ave1m; and 1,500 metres. WOMEN 3.-The Pentathlon for women of five which shall be held on two consecutIve days m the following order: . First day -80 metres hurdles; putting the shot; hIgh jump. Second day-long jump; 200 metres. GENERAL 4.-The I.A.A.F. rules for each event constitut!ng the competition will apply with the following exceptIOns: RULE 195

(a) In the long jump, and each of the throwing events,

each competitor shall be allowed three trials only.

(b) The time of each competitor shall be taken independently by at least two Timekeepers. If only

two watches are used and their times differ, the slower time shall be recorded. Alternatively,. times may be recorded by an approved electrical device (see Rule 119.)

shall be disqualified in any event in which he has made three false starts.

5.-The scores separately and combined should be announced to the competitors after the completion of each event. (Refer to Rule 143, paras. 8-10.) 6.-The winner shall be the competitor who has obtained the highest number of points in the five or ten events, as the case may be, awarded on the basis of the I.A.A:F. Scoring Table. 7.-In the event of a tie in the Pentathlon, the winner shall be the competitor who has received the higher points in a majority of the events. In the event of a tie in the Decathlon, the winner shall be the competitor who has received the higher points in a majority of the events. If this does not resolve the tie, the winner shall be the competitor who has the highest number of points in anyone of the ten events. 8.-Any athlete failing to start or make a trial in one of the five events of the Pentathlon or in one of the ten events of the Decathlon shall not be allowed to take part in the following event but shall be considered to have abandoned the competition. He shall not therefore figure in the final classification.

127

126

SECTION VIII SPECIF ICATIO NS FOR OFFIC IAL IMPLE MENT S AND ApPAR ATUS

I...J :;)

Jumping and Vaulting Standards

I.-V prights. Any style or kind of uprights or posts may be used provided they are rigid. In the high jump the uprights should be sufficiently tall so as to exceed the maximum height to which the cross-bar can be raised by at least 10 centimetres (4 in.). 2.-Cross-bar. The cross-bar shall be of wood, metal or other suitable material, triangular or circular in section. So as to avoid dangerously sharp edges, a triangular bar may be so formed that the edges are slightly rounded and it may be deemed to satisfy the requirement as to measurement if it passes with only a small tolerance through a triangular cut-out of the specified dimensions. Each side of the triangular bar shall measure 30 millimetres (1-181 in.) and the diameter of the circular bar at least 25 millimetres (0'984 in.) but not more than 30 millimetres (1-181 in.). The ends of the circular bar shall be constructed in such a way that a flat surface of 30 X 150 millimetres (1'181 in. X5·905 in.) is obtained for the purpose of placing the bar on the supports on the uprights. (Optionally the cross-bar may be split in the middle and joined with a metal clip about 300 mm. (1 ft.) long). 3.-Th e cross-bar shall be between 3·64 metres (11 ft. 11'307 in.) and 4 metres (13 ft. 1-48 in.) in length and the distance between the uprights shall not be less than 3·66 metres (12 ft.) or more than 4·02 metres (13 ft. 2'25 in.). The maximum weight of the cross-bar shall be 2 kilogrammes (4 lb. 6·5 oz.). RULE 201

::J

RULE 201 ...Jo-

0::>

L",

128

129

4.-Su pport s for cross-bar in the High Jump. The supports for the cross- bar shall be flat and rectangular, 40 millimetres (1'575 in.) wide and 60 millimetres (2'36 in.) long. They shall each face the opposite upright and the ends of the cross-bar shall rest on them in such a manner that if it is touched by a competitor it will easily fall to the ground, either forwards or backwards.

Iâ&#x20AC;˘

6.-Th e drawings on page 127 illustrate one way of constructing the uprights in accordance with the rule. 7.-Su pport s for the cross-bar in the Pole Vault. Pegs shall be used to support the cross-bar and shall be without notches or indentations of any kind, of uniform thickness throughout and not more than 13 millimetres (0'512 in.) diameter. They must not extend more than 75 millimetres (2'953 in.) from the uprights, and the cross-bar shall rest on them so that if it is touched by a competitor or his pole it will fall easily to the ground in the direction of the landing area. 8.-Bo x for the Pole Vault. This shall be constructed either of wood or metal and shall measure 1 metre (3 ft. 3Âˇ37 in.) in length, 60 centimetres (1 ft. 11-622 in.) in width at the front end, and tapering to 15 centimetres (5'905 in.) in width at the stop-board, where it shall be 20 centimetres (7'874 in.) in depth. The box should be constructed in such a manner that the sides slope outwards at the end nearer to the landing area. If the box is constructed of wood the bottom shall be lined with 2Âˇ5 millimetres (0'1 in.) sheet iron or metal for a distance of 800 millimetres (2 ft. 7'496 in.) from the front of the box

-L20 0m/m

5.-Th ere shall be a space of at least 10 millimetres (0'393 in.) between the ends of the cross- bar and the uprights.

40"

1.000 m/m

24"

600m /m

1 1-<

I METAL PLATE

31 " I 800 m/,.:n---i

NOTE .-The landing area should measure not less than ft. 4 in.) long by 4 metres (13 ft. 1'5 in.) wide 5 metres for the hzgh Jump and for the pole vault not less than 5, X 5 metres (16 ft. 4 in.).

RULE 202 Vaulting Pole

pole may be of any material or combination of materIals and of any length or diameter. but the basic 11 surface of the metal, where metal is used must be smooth. The pole may have a binding only of not more than two layers of adhesive tape of uniform thickness. RULE 202

131

130

RULE 203 Take-off Board LONG JUMP AND TRIPL E JUMP

1.-Co nstruc tion. The take-off board shall be made of wood and shall measure 1·22 metres (4 ft. 0·031 in.) long, 200 millimetres (7'874 in.) wide and 100 metres (3'937 in.) deep. On the side nearer to the landmg area should be fixed a horizontal shelf 1·22 metres (4 ft. 0·031 in.) long; 100 millimetres (3'937 in.) wide; the top of which should be 25 millimetres (0-984 in.) below the surface of the take-off board. This shelf should have a ledge, of the following approximate landing area, .38 along the edge next to (1'5 in.) high and 25 mIllImetres (0'984 m.) WIde, thus forming a recess 38 millimetres (1'5 .m:.) deep, 1'22 metres (4 ft. 0·031 in.) long, and 100 mIllimetres (3'937 .on in.) wide, immediately beyor:d. the take-off thick I?) which to place a board 25 r sl;lbsImIla or me plastlc of layer a with ed; as requir stance 13 millimetres (0'5 in.) thick, the edge of whIch next to the take-off board must be at an angle of 30 to the horizontal. The layer of plasticine can be smoothed off by means of a roller or suitably shaped scraper for the purpose of removing the footprints of the competitors. (Also see Rule 174, para. 1.) 0

RULE 203

200"'",

2.-Th e take-off board shall be painted white. will be found very helpful to have a spare avcalable, so that while the footprint is bezng elzmznated the competitors are not delayed. RULE 204 Javelin l.-Con struct ion. The javelin shall consist of three parts: a metal head, a shaft, and a cord grip. The shaft may be constru.cted of either wood or metal and it shall haye fixed to It a metal head terminating in a sharp pomt.

2.-It shall conform to the following specifica:tions. Weight inclusive of cord grip Men Women Minimum 800 grammes 600 grammes (1 lb. 12'218 oz.) (lIb. 5'163 oz.) Overall length Minimum

Maximum '"

260 centimetres (8 ft. 6'362 in.) 270 centimetres (8 ft. 10'299 in.)

220 centimetres (7 ft. 2·614 in.) 230 centimetres (7 ft. 6'551 in.)

Length of metal head 25 centimetres Minimum (9'843 in.) Maximum 33 centimetres (l2'992 in.)

25 centimetres (9'843 in.) 33 centimetres (12,992 in.)

Weight of metal head Minimum ... 80 grammes (2'822 oz.)

80 grammes (2'822 oz.) RULE 204

132

Wome n Men y gravit of Distance from tip of metal head to centre 80 centimetres 90 centimetres Minimum (2 ft. 7-496 in.) in.) (2 ft. 11·433 centimetres 95 etres Maximum ... 110 centim 1-401 in.) ft. (3 in.) (3 ft. 7-307 Diameter of shaft at thickest point 20 millimetres 25 millimetres Minimum (0'787 in.) (0'984 in.) millimetres 25 etres millim 30 , .. um Maxim (0'984 in.) (1'181 in.) Width of cord grip 14 centimetres 15 centimetres Minimum (5'512 in.) (5'905 in.) 15 centimetres 16 centimetres Maximum (5'905 in.) (6'299 in.) 3.-Th e cord shall be about the centre of gravity without thongs, notches or indentations of any kind on the .shaft, and shall not exceed the circumference of the shaft by more than 25 millimetres (0'984 in.). The binding shall be of uniform thickness. 4.-Th e cross-section shall be regularly circular throughout and the maximum diameter thereof shall be under the grip. From the grip the javelin shall taper gradually to the tip of the metal head and the rear tip. The line from the end of the grip to the tip of the metal head may be straight or slightly curved but the curve must be gradual and there must be no abrupt alteration in the diameter of the section throughout the length of the javelin. 5.-Th e javelin shall have no mobile parts or other apparatus which during the throw could change its centre of gravity or thawing characteristics. 6.-Th e tapering of the shaft from the maximum diameter to the tip of the metal head or to the rear tip shall be such that the diameter at the midpoint between

133

end of the cord grip and either tip shall not exceed per cent of!he maximum diameter of the shaft and at. the pomt of 15 centimetres (5'905 in.) from er tIp 80 per cent of the maximum diameter (See Iagram.) LI • 900 -IIOOm l\

E EE ee 0

2 N ,. ,,

min 250 mcx 330.

f+.1r I..- L,

.b'" _.; '".0 ,

.. N

160 mm. max. 150mm. min.

1-- 1r-

--.+ ---- -- Lz

------.I

1-0--- -- L - 26 OOmrn- 2 700 mm . _ _

redUcing the large scale drawing to dimensions SUitable for inclusion.in the handbook it has been made to appear that the poznt at which the tapered shaft 80 per cent of the maxim um diameter ml!st .not with the commencement Of the metal head Thzs IS not so as this diameter is the maxim um permitted (150 mll}.) from the point Of the metal head and there is no relatIOn to the actual length of the head. • NOTE .-.In

RULE 205 Discus

1 -Cons tructi on. The body of the discus shall be ma cie of wood or other suitable material with metal plates set flush. into the sides and shall have, in the exact of the CIrcle framed by the metal rim' a means of secunng the correct weight. RULE 205

135

134 2.-It shall conform to the foliowing specifications: Men

Women

2 kilogrammes (4 lb. 6Âˇ547 oz.)

1 kilogramme (2 lb. 3-274 oz.)

Outer diqmeter of metal rim Minimum 219 millimetres (8'622 in.) Maximum ... 221 millimetres (8'7 in.)

180 millimetres (7'087 in.) 182 millimetres (7'165 in.)

Diameter of metal plates Minimum 50 millimetres (1'969 in.) Maximum 57 millimetres (2'244 in.)

50 millimetres (1'969 in.) 57 millimetres (2'244 in.)

Weight Minimum

Thickness at centre Minimum 44 millimetres (1,733 in.) Maximum 46 millimetres (1'811 in.)

The thicknes!, at 25 millimetres (0'984 in.) from the -centre of the dISCUS shall be exactly the same as at the centre.

RULE 206

Shot 37 millimetres (1-457 in.) 39 millimetres (1'535 in.)

Thickness of the rim at a distance of 6 millimetres (0'236 in.) from the edge 12 millimetres Minimum ... 12 millimetres (0,473 in.) (0-473 in.) The edge of the metal rim shall be rounded in a true circle. 3.-Each side of the discus shall be identical and shall be made without indentations, projecting or sharp edges. The sides shall taper in a straight line from the beginning of the curve of the rim to a circle a distance of 25 millimetres (0'984 in.) from the centre of the discus.

l.-Construction. The shot shall be of solid iron brass or any metal ,not softer than brass, or a shell of wIth lead or other material. It must such be sphencal In shape and the surface must be smooth. 11 2.-It shall conform to the following specifications: Weight Minimum Diameter Minimum Maximum

Men

Women

7Âˇ257 kilogrammes (16 lb.) ... 110 millimetres (4'330 in.) ... 130 millimetres (5'118 in.)

...

4 kilogrammes (8 lb. 13 oz.) 95 millimetres ...(3'741 in.) 110 millimetres (4'330 in.) RULE 206

137

136 RULE 207

Hammer Construction

The head shall be of solid iron or other 11 metal not softer than brass, or a shell of such metal, filled with lead or other material. It must be completely spherical in shape. If a filling is used this must be inserted in such a manner that it is immovable and that the centre of gravity shall be not more than 6 millimetres (0'25 in.) from the centre of the sphere. 1.- Head.

2.-Ha ndle. The handle shall be of single unbroken and straight length of spring steel wire not less than 3 millimetres (0'118 in.) or No. 11 Standard Wire Gauge (0,116 in.) in diameter, and shall be such that it cannot stretch appreciably while the hammer is being thrown. The handle may be looped at one or both ends as a means of attachment. For example of approved hammer handle see page 138. 3.-Gr ip. The grip may be either of single or double loop construction, but must be rigid and without hingeing joints of any kind, and so made that it cannot stretch appreciably while being thrown. It must be attached to the handle in such a manner that it cannot be turned within the loop of the handle to increase the overall length of the hammer. 4.-Co nnect ion. The handle shall be connected to the head by means of a swivel which may be either plain or ball bearing. The grip shall be connected to the handle by means of a loop. A swivel may not be used. RUIJE 207

5.-Th e hammer shall conform to the following specifications: Weight of hammer complete as thrown Minimum ... 7·257 kilogrammes (16 lb.) Length of hammer complete as thrown measured from the inside Of the grip 117·5 centimetres (3 ft. 10·255 in.) centimetres (3 ft. 11·835 in.) 121·5 ... MaxImum Diameter of head 102 millimetres (4'016 in.) MaxImum ... 120 millimetres (4'724 in.) Centre of Gravity of Head Not more than 6 millimetres (0'25 in.) from the centre of the sphere. to balance the head, less be e.g.-I t sharp-edged circular ha?dle and. g.np, on a ter. diame onfice 12 mIlhmetres (0,5 m.) m

(See diagram below.). SUGGESTED CONSTRUCTION OF ApPAR ATUS FOR TESTIN G CENTRE OF GRAVITY OF HAMM ER

139

138

IOSmtm

5'5...

DIA.

HICH TENS1L

Il....

EXAMPLE OF ApPROVED HAMMER HANDLE

RULE 208 Hammer or Discus Throwing Cage

I.-It is strongly recommended that all hammer or discus throws be made from an enclosure or cage to ensure the safety of spectators, officials and competitors.

2.-The cage should be C-shaped in plan, the diameter being 7·6 metres (25 ft.).with the opening through which the throw is made 6 metres (20 ft.) wide. The height should not be less than 2·74 metres (9 ft.). 3.-A cage made to the following specification is suggested. RULE 208

Framework.-A wire cable, or a series of metal struts, is suspended at a height of not less than 2·74 metres (9 ft.) above the ground in the shape of a letter C. The radius of the C is 3·8 metres (12 ft. 6 in.) with the open end 6 metres (20 ft.) wide. The cable, or series of struts, is supported in a horizontal plane by eight metal slipports made in the shape of gallows, so that the C shape is formed by seven straight panels, each 2·74 metres (9 ft.) wide.

Netting.-A net 19·2 metres (63 ft.) long by 3·05 metres (10 ft.) wide, made of cord 12·5 millimetres (0'5 in.) in circumference with 50 millimetre (2 in.) meshes, is suspended from the wire cable or series of metal struts. The lower edge of the net resting on the ground turns inwards towards the centre of the C, and to it are attached at regular intervals sandbags each weighing approximately 13·5 kilogrammes (30 lb.).

Erection.-The eight metal supports are set into the ground either with spikes or permanent sockets. The sockets should be sunk to a depth of approximately 30 centimetres (I ft.) and provided with covers for use when the supports are removed. The supports and suspended net are kept in position by wire ropes attached to ground spikes.

140

141 SUGGESTED CONSTRUCTION FOR HAMMER OR DISCUS CAGE

RULE 209 Circles

I.-Construction. Circles shall be made of band iron or steel, the top of which shall be flush with the ground outside. The earth or clay in the circles shall be packed hard, firm and level and 2 centimetres (0'75 in.) (tolerance 6 millimetres (0'25 in.) plus or minus) lower than the outside of the circle. The interior of the circles for shot putting, discus throwing and hammer throwing may be constructed of concrete or a similar material.

2.-Measurements. The circle shall measure: Discus throwing

2·50 metres (8 ft. 2·5 in.) inside diameter. Hammer throwing or 2·135 metres (7 ft.) inside diashot putting meter.' RULE 209

143

142 in.) in The metal circle shall be 6 thickness and 76 millimetres (3 lll.) III heIght sunk flush with the ground outside. 3.-The circle shall be painted white. RULE 210 Stop Board (Putting the Shot)

I -Construction. The board shall be made w?od in the shape of an arc so that the inner edge with the inner edge of the circle, also so made that It can be firmly fixed 10 the ground. 2.-Measurements. The board shall 1·22 metres (4 ft.) long.o.o the insi?e, 1.14 mllhmetres (4'5 in.) wide and 100 mllhmetres (4 Ill.) high. 3.-Finish. The board shall be painted white.

RULE 211 Sectors for TIrrows from Circles and Arcs The sector within which all throws must fall, shall be clearly marked on the ground with lines 5 centimetres (2 in.) wide, the inner edges of which shall form the sector lines, the radii lines crossing at the centre of the circles. The outer ends of the radii lines should be marked with sector flags. RULE 212 Sector Flag

l.-Construction. The sector flag should be entirely of metal. 2.-Measurements. The flag should be rectangular in shape, measuring about 20 X 40 centimetres (8 X 16 in.) with the standard 8 millimetres (0'313 in.) in diameter and not less than ,60 centimetres (or 2 ft.) in length, above the ground. RULE 213 Hurdles

?Om/m

2 1,5 ...

f----

RULE 210

1.-Construction. The hurdles shall be made of metal with the top bar of wood and shall consist of two bases and two uprights supporting a rectangular frame reinforced by one or more cross-bars, the uprights to be fixed at the extreme end of each base. The hurdles shall be of such a design that a force of at least 3·6 kilogrammes (8 lb.) applied to the centre of the top edge of the crossbar is required to overturn it. The hurdle may be adjustable in height for each event. The counterweights must be adjustable so that at each height a force of at least 3·6 kilogrammes (8 lb.) and not more than 4 kilogrammes (8 lb. 13 oz.) is required to overturn it. 2.-Measurements. The standard heights of the hurdles shall be: RULES 211-2-3

145

144

Women 80 metres 87t yards 76·2 centimetres (2 ft. 6 in.). Men 110 metres 120 yards 1'067 metres (3 ft. 6 in.). 200 metres 220 yards 76·2 centimetres (2 ft. 6 400 metres 440 yards 91-4 centimetres (3 ft. 0 m.). The extreme width shall be 1·20 metres (3 ft. 11 in.). The extreme length of the base shall be 70 centimetres (2 ft. 3·5 in.). The total weight of the hurdles shall be not less than 10 kilogrammes (22 lb. 0·75 oz.). NOTE.-In each case there shall be a tolerance. allowance of 3 millimetres (0'125 in.) above and below the standard heights, to allow for variation in the manufacture. (Also see Rule 163.). 3.-The width of the top bar shall be 70 millimetres (2'75 in.). The thickness of this bar should be between 10 and 25 millimetres. The bar should be firmly fixed at the extremities. 11.00 m/m (3FT 11') (<;') .

•

PII\,ECTlON OF I<UNNINO

WEIGHT

(2FT 3Y:') -

4.-Finish. The top bar should be striped in black and white in such a manner that the white stripes appear at the end of each hurdle and that they shall be at least 225 millimetres (9 in.) in width. The hurdle shall be so placed on the track that the feet of -the hurdles shall be on the side of the approach by the competitor. 5.-Testing. To check the resisting force of hurdles a simple spring-balance should be used by the application of a pulling force to the centre of the cross-bar. Alternatively use a cord with a hook, applied to the centre of the crosscbar, take the cord along over a pulley fixed conveniently and load the other end of the cord with weights. RULE 214 Relay Baton

Construction.-The baton shall be a smooth hollow tube circular in section made of wood or metal or of any other rigid material in one piece the length of which shall be not more than 30 centimetres (1 ft.) and not less than 28 centimetres (11 in.). The circumference shall be 120 millimetres (4'75 in.) and it shall not weigh less than 50 grammes (lot oz.). RULE 215 Starting Blocks I.-The purpose of starting blocks is to expedite the carrying through of programmes and to protect the tracks. 2.-They must be constructed entirely of rigid materials. 3.-They may be adjustable, but must be made without springs or other devices whereby the athlete can obtain any artificial assistance.

EXAMPLE OF ApPROVED HURDLE

RULES 214-5

146 4.-They should be so made as to be easily and quickly placed into position and removed without any damage to the track. 5.-They may be used only in races not exceeding 880 yards and in relay races only by those competing over the first stage.

RULE 216 Finish Posts

The finish posts shall be of rigid construction of about 1Âˇ37 metres (4 ft. 6 in.) in height, 8 centimetres (3 in.) in width and 2 centimetres (0'75 in.) in thickness.

50m/,rn

CHALK L.INE

\-221104

RULE 216

149

DIVISION IV GENERAL RULES FOR OLYMPIC EVENTS RULE 301 The Jury I.-Th e Jury shall consist of from five to eight members appointed by the Council of the I.A.A.F. and shall be the highest authority on the track. 2.-Al I financial and technical arrangements of the Olympic Games shall be in the hands of the National Olymp ic Committee organising the Games, but the Jury mentioned above shall supervise the technical arrangements, appoint Judges, etc., as stated hereafter. The organising Committee shall appoint one of its members as liaison officer to the Jury; such I iaison officer shall take care of and be responsible for good communication between the Jury and the organising Committee. RULE 302 Work of the Jury I.-Th e Jury shall receive and decide any protests. (See Rule 147 of the Athletic Rules for International Competitions.) 2.-Th e Jury shall not overrule the decisions of the Referees or Judges unless it shall find that a distinct mistake has been made. 3.-Th e Jury shall decide all questions relating to the actual conduct of the Meeting, the final settlement of which is not otherwise covered by the rules. 4.-(i) The Council of the I.A.A.F. shall appoint two members of the Jury to carry out the following duties:

RULES 301-2

151

150 (a) Consider the lay-out of the track and field and

report final approval before the beginning of the Games. (b) Meet at the place where competitions are to be held not less than five days before the beginning of the events. They shall see that field and track are in good order, courses properly laid out and measured to conform to all the requirements as laid down by the Athletic Rules for International Competitions and that all implements and equipment necessary for satisfactory competition are provided. (c) Consider final entries, accept or reject such entries, arrange the series and heats, and return the result to the Organising Committee, which shall publish the entries with the competitors' numbers in sufficient time before the opening of the Games. (ii) The duties of the delegates as members of the Jury will last throughout the Games. In cases of differences of opinion they shall refer back to the full Jury, who shall make a final decision. 5.-(i) The organising Committee shall have ready for inspection the track, field and all implements at least five days before the opening of the Games. Should the technical delegates not find the implements in accordance with specifications, new implements shall be obtained as directed by the delegates. (ii) The organising Committee shall publish the results of the arrangements of heats received from the technical delegates in sufficient time before the event is scheduled. 6.-In the event of the track and field upon which the Olympic Games are to be held not being available for practice, the organising Committee shall provide a suitable place for this purpose.

RULE 303 The Athletic Ground

I.-The length of each lap should be 400 metres. 2.-All tracks for running, jumping and throwing events must be of cinder or similar material. Grass is not permitted. The interior of the circles for shot put, discus and hammer may be constructed of concrete or a similar material. 3.-0n the field there shall be arranged two platforms. One of .these shall be near the tunnel through which the competItors enter the field, and from which the field and track events shall be managed, and which shall have telephone communication with the dressing rooms of the athletes, the Press stand, the bandstand, the loud speaker, flag PoS!s, etc., and from which bells may be operated m all dressmg rooms, to call the competitors to the start. 4.-The other platform shall serve as an office for the Jury in charge of the track and field events. 5.-The loud speaker shall be governed by the Manager of the Games, and the speaker into the microphone placed near the Manager. RULE 304

Officials Besides the Jury there shall be the following officials: I.-One Manager, Three or four Assistant Managers, One Keeper of the Implements, Two or more Announcers. RULES 303-4

152

153

2.-0ne Referee for track events, Three Starters, Seven Judges at the finish, Six or more Umpires, Nine Timekeepers.

the results from the scorer of such event. All announcements to the public, Press, etc.; shall be given by the Manager of the Games through the Announcers, Press Stewards, loud speakers, etc.

---

3.-0ne Referee for throwing events, Six or more Judges for throwing events. 4.-0ne Referee for jumping events, Six or more Judges for jumping events. 5.-0ne or more Press Stewards, One Official Surveyor, One Marshal, One or more Doctors. 6.-Necessary number of Clerks and Scorers, including Lap-Scorers, Necessary number of Assistants. 7.-For the running events in Decathlon, as well as in the Marathon race and the 50,000 metres walking race, the number of officials must be considerably increased.

RULE 306 The Assistant Manager

I.-The Manager shall have three or four Assistant Managers, one for running events, one for jumping events and one for throwing events, etc. The Assistant Managers shall see that starts are carried out and shall follow the particular competitions. Fifteen minutes before the finish of any competition they shall notify the Manager thereof, in order that he may be prepared for the start of the next event. 2.-The Assistant Managers shall at the end of each event collect and hand to the Manager the results given by the scorers. RULE 307 The Keeper of the Implements

RULE 305 The Manager

The Manager shall have charge of the field and track events and be responsible for the proper carrying out of the Games. Ten minutes before the time of an event he shall sound the bells in the dressing rooms, and Announcers shall announce on the field, to the competitors, the judges and the public, the start of the event. The Manager of the Games shall not leave his stand during the time a competition is going on. After the finish of an event he shall, through his assistant, receive RULE 305

This official shall keep all implements under lock and key and shall be responsible for the implements being at hand in proper time for each event. The keeper of the implements acts directly under the Manager of the Games. RULE 308 The Referees

I.-The Referees are responsible for the proper conduct of each event under their control and assign to the Judges their particular duties. In the case of a difference RULES 306-7-8

155

154 and, if necessary, between the Judges, they shall decide refer to the Jury. of a race, a claim for 2.- Wh en, in any but the final Ref eree shall have the a foul or interference is made, the who was at fault, if he power to disqualify the competitor due to culpable careconsiders the foul intentional or power to allow the lessness, and shall also have the next round of heats, hindered competitor to start in thetrial. just as if he had been placed in his foul or interference 3.- Wh en, in a final, a claim fortoa dis qualify the comis made, he shall have the power considers the foul petitor who was at faUlt, if heelessness, and he shall intentional or due to culpable car race between such of also have the power to order a newd thereto. the competitors as he thinks entitle RU LE 309

RU LE 310 Timekeeping

ng device shall I.- An approved electrical timekeepi es recorded by used for all track events, and the tim official times. (See thiS apparatus shall be declared as the Rule 119.) be operated, in 2.- Ma nu al. timekeeping will alsoekeepers' watches a check. The Tim order to g Committee of the shall be supplied by the Organisin and certified at an Games and must have been testedduring the same year or physical institute rules and con.which the Games take place, andthothe se adopted by the to dltl?ns of the t7st shall be similarTed dington, England. NatIOnal PhYSical Laboratory, t six in all running 3.- Th e times of at least the firstak en and published. and walking races shall be officially

Qualification Trials

RU LE 311

or jumping events I.- Wh ere in any of the throwinga qualifying round the number of entries exceeds 18, n proper. shall be held prior to the competitio the competition 2.- No athlete shall participate in scribed standard in proper unless he has reached the pre event less than 12 the qualifying round; but if in any dard, then the first competitors reach the qualifying stanthe 12th place shall 12 athletes and any athlete tying for take part in the competition proper. competitor shall 3.- In each qualifying round, eachformances accomper be allowed three trials, but thepar t of the competition d ere sid plished shall not be con ched the qualifying proper. Once a competitor has rea trials. standard he shall not make any more

in Rules 301-310 Except where provided otherwiseand Women's Interab<;ve, the Athletic Rules for Men'sOlympic Games. national Competitions apply to the

RU LE 309

COMMITTEE RULES FOR TH E EU RO PE AN HIPS AN D EU RO PE AN CHAMPIONS

RU LE 351 c Federation has International Amateur Athleti AMPIONSHIPS CH to promote EU RO PE AN the Olympic Games. m every fourth year, two years after RULES 310-1 and 351

157

156

RULE 352 The Council of the LAAF. shall exercise the following powers: (a) It shall have supreme control of the Championships; (b) It shall decide upon all fundamental princIples; (c) It shall appoint the appropriate European member of the LAAF. to organise the Championships, upon the recommendation of the European Committee; (d) . It shall decide upon the venue for the Championship on the recommendation of the European Committee.

RULE 353 The European Committee shall appointed a period of four years and shall consIst of a PresIdent, Honorary Secretary and 13 other members all to .be elected by Congress from different in affiliation with the I.AAF., together WIth the PresIdent and the Honorary Secretary of the LAAF. who shall be ex officio members of the Committee and be entitled to vote. The European Committee shall have the right to elect a Vice-President from the thirteen members elected. Individual nominations for the European Committee should be forwarded to the Honorary Secretary of the LAAF. by member countries of the Federation circulation with the agenda for the Congress !Y1eet:ng taking place at the time of the European ChamplOnslups where the Committee will be elected. (See Rule 5, para. (7).)

RULES 352Âˇ3

The President and Honorary Secretary of the Committee shall each have a vote. The President of the Committee, in the case of a tie in the voting, shall have a second or casting vote. The Committee shall serve until a new Committee is appointed and inducted to office. RULE 354 The European Committee shall have the following powers: (a) it shall follow the directions given by the Council of the LAAF. and report to that body on European matters; (b) it shall consider applications to hold the European Championships and make recommendations thereon to the Council; (c) it shall determine, in co-operation with the Organising Member, the venue and the date on which the Championships shall be held; (d) shall have charge of the supervision, preparatIons and conduct of the Championships and arrange that they are carried through in conformity with the technical rules of the LAAF. (e) it shall furnish to the Organising Member the list of the countries to be invited to compete; (f) it shall appoint a Jury of five persons and the principal officials. (NOTE.-For the duties of the technical delegates see General Rules for Olympic Events.) (g) it shall accept or reject entries, arrange heats and qualifying trials,. as well as the programme and timetable of events; (h) it shall arrange annually a meeting of representatives of European countries for the purpose only of co-ordinating European fixtures for the following year. . RULE 354

159

158 RULE 355 The Championship shall comprise the following events: FOR MEN:

Running: 1,500 Metres 100 Metres 5,000 , , 200 " 10,000 " 400 " Marathon (42 km. 195m.) 800 " Hurdles: 400 Metres 110 Metres Steeplechase: 3,000 Metres Relays: 4 x 400 Metres 4 x 100 Metres Walking: d) 20,000 Metres (Road) 50,000 Metres (Roa Jumping: High; Pole; Long; Triple Jump Throwing: Discus; Javelin, Hammer Putting: Shot Decathlon FOR WOMEN:

Running: 100 Metres 200 " Hurdles: 80 Metres Relay: -l x 100 Metres

RULE 355

400 Metres 800 "

Jumping: High: Long Throwing: Discus; Javelin Putting: Shot Pentathlon

RULE 356 The maximum period for the Championships shall not exceed six days. RULE 357 The order of the events and the complete daily programme shall be determined by the European Committee by the end of December previous to the Championships. RULE 358 Each I.A.A.F. member in Europe has the right to enter one competitor, irrespective of his or her ability to attain the qualifying standard set up by the European Committee in each event. A second and a third competitor may be entered provided all reach the qualifying standard. Where second or third competitors are entered, the attainment of this standard by the first competitor is obligatory. Competitors must comply with the following qualifications: That(a) they were born in the country they represent; or (b) they are citizens of the country they represent and have lived there continuously for a period of not less than five years; or RULES 356-7-8

161

160 (c)

they have become naturalised in the country they represent and have permanent residence there; or

(d) they are of European parents fulfilling the: above

conditions and have not become naturalised as subjects of a country outside Europe. Athletes born outside Europe cannot be qualified unless they meet the conditions stated in (b) or (d). RULE 359 The closing date for entries, which be submitted by the National Associations or FederatIOns, shall be not later than fourteen days prior to the first day of the Championships. A country rr;ay P?minate not more than three competitors for each mdlVldual event must comply with the provision of Rule 358 competitors in each relay event. The final nommatiOns of the athletes (see Rule 358) to represent a country shall be lodged with the Organising Member not later than three full days prior to individual events for relay events not later than six o'clock on the evemng of the day preceding the event.

RULE 362 The Championships are allocated to a European Member of the I.A.A.F. who shall be wholly responsible for all the costs. and involved in the promotion of the ChampiOnships as well as for the following obligations imposed by the I.A.A.F.: (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

RULE 360 In each event the winner shall be awarded a gilt medal, the second a silver medal, and the third a bronze medal. RULE 361 A commemorative medal shall be distributed to all officials and competitors. RULE.lil 359Âˇ60Âˇ61

(e)

Membe: will immediately appoint an Organismg Committee; First class travelling expenses or tourist aircraft (including meals en route), together with board and lodging for a maximum period of not more than three ?ays longer than the Championships, shall be paid to the seventeen members of the European Committee (Rule 353); First class travelling expenses or tourist aircraft (including meals en route) together with board and lodging of not more than two technical delegates (who should be members of the European Committee) for a period of not more than five days prior to the opening of the Championships. These expenses, except for travelling, are supplementary to those which may be claimed under paragraph (b); First class travelling expenses or tourist aircraft (including meals en route) of not more than two delegates for the general supervision of the Championships, at such periods as may be thought appropriate, which shall be supplementary to (b) and (c). First class rail travelling expenses (including meals en rOlfte) together board and lodging for five Judges appomted by Walking CommiSSiOn of the I.A.A.F. for a penod commencing one day before the first walking event and terminating one day after the last walking event. RULE 362

163

162 RULE 363 The Organising Committee shall pay to the I.A.A.F. 4% of the total income received from the sale of tickets for the Championships and from radio and television rights, with a minimum payment of U.S. $8,000. The minimum payment shall be paid not later than fourteen days after the Championships and the remainder within three months after the Championships. RULE 364 The Organising Committee shall pay the travelling and living expenses (first class return rail ticket, board and lodging) for a period of three days longer than the Championships (including the time taken in travelling) for not less than 100 men and 50 women athletes of the various participating countries. These expenses shall be calculated from the capital city of the participating country. The 100 and 50 places respectively shall be distributed among the various countries in accordance with the general athletic results of the preceding year. The Organising Committee shall draw up a formula on these lines, from which the quota for each country can be calculated, to reach the Honorary Secretary of the European Committee not later than 15th January in the year of the Championships, who shall submit the proposals to the European Committee for approval and allocation of the places not later than 15th March following. The places shall be so allotted that each participating country shall obtain at least one place each for men and women. The decision of the European Committee shall be final. Other expenses of athletes and officials participating in the Championships shall not be paid. As far as possible, however, the Organising Committee shall endeavour to obtain reduced charges for travelling and accommodation for athletes and officials.

RULES 363Âˇ4

RULES FOR EUROPEAN RECORDS RULE 365 I.-European Records shall be established for the same events as those which are accepted for World Records. 2.-The eligibility of athletes claiming European must conform with the following qualifications, (a) they are subjects by birth of the country they

represent; or (b) they are c.itizens of the country they represent and have lIVed there continuously for a period of not less than five years; or (c) they have become naturalised in the country they represent and have permanent residence there; or (d) they of European parents fulfilling the above and have not become naturalised as subjects of a country outside Europe. Athletes born outside Europe cannot be qualified unless they meet the conditions stated in (b) or (d). non-European performances of athletes who are adnutted accordmg to the above rules as European athletes may be also recognised as European Records if these performances are obtained at Olympic Games'or they .ha.ve been a.ccepted by their respective national assocIatIOns as natIOnal records. 4.-At the first registration of European Records all Records recognised by the I.A.A.F. and complymg WIth the above rules are entered in the list without c?ntrol. Furthermore, all performances already recoO"msed by the competent national association as RULE 365

164 records will also be accepted as European Records without proofs if their essential data (name of athlete, performance, time, place, etc.) are certified and presented in writing by the respective national association. 5.-Fo r all future performances the same rules and procedure will be in force as the World Records. Application for the registration of records must be submitted in writing, the application to be accompanied by the proofs prescribed in Rule 148 and sent to the Honorary Secretary, European Committee of the I.A.A.F., clo Federation Yougoslave d'Athletisme, Beograd, Str. Bana 73a, Box 475. 6.-Al l European Records shall be verified and sanctioned by the European Committee. RULE 366 EURO PEAN ATHLETIC CUP COMPETITION

The competition, for which all member Federations in Europe may enter teams, will be held in each year following the one in which the Olympic Games are held, commencing in 1965. There will be separate competitions for men and for women. The competition will be conducted by a European Cup Commission appointed by the European Committee of the I.A.A.F., in accordance with Rules approved by Congress.

RULE 366

167

DIVISION V EVENTS FOR WHICH WORLD RECORDS ARE RECOGNISED

MEN Running 100 yards 220 " 440 " 880 , , 1 mile

2 miles 3" 6" 10" 15.,

100 metres 200" 400" 800" 1,000" 1,500 "

2,000 metres 3,000 " 5,000 " 10,000 , , 20,000 " 25,000 " 30,000 , ,

1 hour Steeplechase

3,000 metres Hurdles

120 yards 220" 440"

110 metres 200" 400"

Relays

4 x 110 yards 4x220Â· " 4x440" 4 x 880 " 4 x 1 mile 20 miles 30 "

4 x 100 metres 4 x 200 " 4x 400 " 4 x 800 " 4 x1,500 "

Walking 20,000 metres 30,000 " 50,000 "

2 hours

oo-l>.tvO

.. .. ..

X X X

00 tvootv-

c 8

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OFFICIAL LIST OF WORLD TRACK AND FIELD RECORDS

(Recognised by the I.A.A.F. as at the 31st December, 1964) Time, Height or Distance

Event

Holder

Country

Date

Place

MEN RUNNING 100 yards 100 metres

200 metres (straight) 200 metres (bend) 220 yards (straight) 220 yards (bend) 400 metres .

440 yards 800 metres 880 yards 1.000 metres 1.500 metres 1 mile

9·1 s. . 10 s

20s 20-2 s

20 s 20·2 s 44·9 s

44·9 s . 1 m. 44·3 s . 1 m. 45·1 s . 2 m. 16'7 s . 3 m. 35·6 s 3 m. 54·1 s

. R. Hayes .. A. Hary H. Jerome H. Esteves R.Hayes . D.Sime F.Budd . H. Carr

.. D. Sime F.Budd . H.Carr . O.Davis .. C.Kaufmann A.Plummer M. Larrabee . A. Plummer . P. Snell . P. Snell . S. Valentin . H. Elliott . P.Snell

D.S.A.

Germany . Canada Venezuela

D.S.A.

. .

. . .

. .

D.S.A

Australia . New Zealand

21. 6.63 21. 6.60 15. 7.60 15. 8.64 15.10.64 9. 6.56 12. 5.62 4. 4.64 9. 6.56 12. 5.62 4.4.64 6. 9.60 6. 9.60 25. 5.63 12. 9.64 25. 5.63 3. 2.62 3. 2.62 19. 7.60 6. 9.60 17.11.64

St. Louis, Mo. Zurich .. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Caracas . Tokyo Sanger. Ca!. ...... VilIanova. Penns. Tempe, Arizona

D.S.A.

Switzerland Canada Venezuela Japan

D.S.A.

Sanger, Cat. ...... Villanova, Penns. Tempe, Arizona Rome .

U:S.A.

Lo::; Angeles, Ca!. Tempe, Arizona Christchurch ... N.'Zealand Rome Auckland

:::

. Italy . N. Zealand

0\ '0

...... Time, Height or Distance

Event

2,000 metres 3,000 metres

1 5 m.

1·6 s 7 m. 49·2 s

Place

·. France ......... ········

14. 6.62 27. 6.62

U.S.A.......... Australia ...... . U.S.S.R....... Australia ......

29. 8.64 3.12.64 13.10.57 18.12.63 18.12.63 11. 4.64 24. 8.63 24. 8.63

Paris ............... I-;rance St. Maur des Fosses Los Angeles. Cat. U.S.A. Melbourne ...... Australia Rome ........... Italy Melbourne ...... Australia

Country

Holder

-. M. Jazy .. M. Jazy

2 miles . 3 miles .. 5,000 metres . 6 miles .. 10,000 metres . 10 miles . 20,000 metres . Running 1 hour

R. Schul R. Clarke V.Kuc R.Clarke R. Clarke M. Batty W. Baitlie W. Baillie

15 miles

E. Zatopek

8 m. 26·4s .. 13 m. 7·6 s . 13m.35s . 27 m. 17·8 s . 28 m. 15·6 s . 47 m. 26·8 s .. 59 m. 28·6 s . 20,190 m. 12 cm. (12 m. 960y. 7 in.) . 1 h. 14 m. 1 s.......

G.B: & N.i":::: New Zealand New Zealand

1 h. 16 m. 36·4 s'l E. Zatopek 1 h. 34 m.l·8 s J. Alder .

G.B. &N.I. ...

3,000 metres Steeplechase

8 m. 29·6 s

Belgium

G. Roelants

...... :::::: Engiand Auckland ......... N. Zealand

......

RELAYS 1 39 s

21.10.64

1 U.S.A. National Team 1 U.S.A. (0. Drayton, G. Ashwortb, R. Stebbins, R. Hayes)

30. 5.59 University of Texas 1 U.S.A. (W. Wilson, E. Southern, H. Gainey, R. Alspaugh) Australian National Team .. .1 Australia ...... 15. 3.64 4x 110 yards ... 39·9 s. (A. J. navis, G. A. Holdsworth, W. J. EarIe, R. W. Lay) 4x200 metres 1 1 m. 22·6 5 •••••••... 1 Abilene Christian College, I U.S.A . 31. 5.58 (W. Woodhouse, J. Segrest, G. Peterson, B. Morrow) New records for this event have not been recognised since the Rome, 1960, Congress.

4 x 110 yards ... 39·6 s (straightaway)*

Event

Time, Height or Distance

Holder

Country

.........

29.10.1955 Celakovice ...... Czechoslovakia ...... 29.10.55 17.10.64 Thames Louvain ......... Belgium 7. 9.63

Czechoslovakia

25,000 metres 30,000 metres

4 x 100 metres

-.J 0

Date

4x220 yards ... 1 1 m. 22·6 s.......... Abilene Christian College. 1 U.S.A..........1 (W. Woodhouse, J. Segrest, G. Peterson, B. Morrow) 4 x400 metres ... 1 3 m. 0'7 s..........1 U.S.A. National Team ...... 1 U.S.A.......... 1 (0. Cassell. M. Larrabee, U. Williams, H. Carr) 4x440 yards ... 1 3 m. 4'5 s..........1 Arizona State University ... 1 D.S.A..........1 (M. Barrick, H. Carr, R. Freeman, U. WiIliams) 4 x 800 metres ... J 7 m. 15'8 s.......... 1 Belgian National Team ...... / Belgium ...... 1 (A. Ballieux, A. Langcnus, E. Leva, R. Moens) 4x880yards ...17m.19s..........1 Oregon State University ...... ! U.S.A. · ........ 1 (J. Underwood, J. Brady, N. Hoffman, M. Groth) . Villanova University ......... j .. .. ....... J (J. Orr, A. Adams, . T. SuUivan, N. Carroll) 4x 1,500 metres 1 14 m. 58 s.......... 1 D.V.f.L. National Team .. ····1 Germany ...... I (M. Matuschewski, J. May, S. Herrmann, S. Valentin) 4x 1 mile ......... 1 16 m. 9 s.......... 1 University of Oregon ......... 1 D.S.A..........1 (A. San Romani, V. Reeve, K. Forman, D. Burleson)

Date

Tokyo

1 Japan

Modesto

1 U.S.A.

Melbourne

1 Australia

Modesto, Cat. ... 1 U.S.A.

Place

31. 5.58

I Modesto, Cal. ... 1 U.S.A.

21.10.64

I Tokyo

27. 4.63

I Walnut, Cal.

8. 8.56

........ ····1 Japan •.. 1 U.S.A.

I Brussels............ /

Belgium

25. 5.63

I Modesto, Cal. ... 1 U.S.A.

15. 5.64

I Los Angeles, Cal.

23. 7.63

1 Potsdam

12. 5.62

I Fresno, Cal....... 1 U.S.A.

... ······1 Germany

HURDLES .120 yards ......... 13·2 s................ M. Lauer ........................ L. Calhoun ..................... 110 metres ...... 13·2 s................ M. Lauer ........................ L. Calhoun ..................... 21·9 s, ............... D. Styron ........................ 200 (straight)

Germany ...... U.S.A.......... Germany ...... U.S.A..........

.........

7. 21. 7. 21. 2.

7.59 8.60 7.59 8.60 4.60

ZuriCh ............ 1 Switzerland Berne............... Zurich U.S.A.

...... ......

-.J

220 yards (straight) 200 metres (bend) 400 metres 440 yards

.....,

Time, Height or Distance

Event

Country

Holder

. 21·9 s

D. Styron

U.S.A

M. Lauer Germany G. Davis D.S.A W.Cawley........................ .. G. Potgieter S. Africa

22·5 s. . 49·1 s . 49·3 s

Date

. . . . ..

2. 4.60 7. 20. 13. 16.

7.59 8.60 9.64 4.60

Place

Baton Rouge, La

U .S.A.

Zurich Switzerland Berne............... .. Los Angeles, Ca1. D.S.A. Bloemfontein ... S.A.

WALKING 20,000 metres 30,000 metres 20 miles 30 miles 50,000 metres 2 hours

. . . . . .

1 h. 27 m. 5 s . 2h.17m.16·8' .. 2h.31 m.33s. 4 h. 4 m. 56·8 s . 4 h. 14 m. 2·4 s .. 26,429 metres . (16 miles 743 yd.)

V. Golubnichiy

A. Egorov

A. A. A. A.

Vedjakov '" Pamich Pamich Egorov

. .

D.S.S.R.

23. 9.58 15. 7.59 23. 8.58 19.11.61 19.11.61 15. 7.59

Italy

. U:S.S.R:··::::::

Simferopol Leningrad Moscow Rome

1 U.S.S.R. 1

Italy U:S.S.R.

JUMPING High Jump Long Jump Triple Jump Pole Vault

2·28m (7 ft. Sf in.) 8·34m (27 ft. in.) . 17·03 m (55 ft. 10, in.) . 5·28 m (17 ft. 4 in.)

. V. Brumel.

U.S.S.R

. R. Boston........................ U .S.A.

21.' 7.63

Moscow......... U.S.S.R.

12. 9.64

Los Angeles, Cal. U.S.A.

. J. Schmidt

Poland

5. 8.60

. F. Hansen

U.S.A.

25. 7.64

Olsztyn

Poland

Los Angeles, Cal. U.S.A.

THROWING Shot Discus

Event

20·68 m (67ft. 10 in.) 64·55 m. (211 ft. 9, in.)

Time, Height or Distance

1 D. Long

D.S.A

L. Danek

Holder

Czec"!J.osloM vakia

Country

Javelin ............ 91'72 m............. T. Pedersen ..................... Norway......... (300 ft. 11 in.) Hammer ......... 70·67 m. ............ H. Connolly ..................... D.S.A.......... (231 ft. 10 in.)

1 25. 7.64 1Lo'Angeles, cal.l 2. 8.64

Turnov

Date

2. 9.64 21. 7.62

DECATHLON Decathlon......... 9.121 points ...... C. K. Yang ..................... Taiwan ......... 27/28.4.63 (1952 tables) (equivalent to 8.089 points (1962 tabies))

D.S.A. Czec"!J.osloM vakla

Place Oslo ............... Norway Stanford, Cal. ... D.S.A.

Walnut. Cal.

... D.S.A.

....., W

...... -:I

Event

Time, Height or Distance

Country

Holder

-l'-

Place

Date

WOMEN RUNNING 60 metres

7·2 s. .

100 yards 100 metres

10·3 s 11·2 s

. .

200 metres

22·9 s

220 yards 400 metres 440 yards 800 metres 880 yards

22·9 s 51·9 s. 53'3 s 2 m. 1·1 s 2 m. 2 s

M. Burvil1 . M. Durvill Shin Geum Dan . B. Cuthbert . A. Packer .. D. Willis

27. 2.60 28. 8.60 20. 3.58 19. 7.61 15.10.64 9. 7.60

Australia U.S.S.R. ······· Australia · U.S.A. . ·

B. Cuthbert 1. Bochkareva M. Mathews W. Rudolph W. Tyus W.Rudolph

·.·· Australia ...... ··· ...:::::: Australia . G.B. &N.I. . Australia .

22. 2.64 22. 2.64 23.10.62 23. 3.63 20.10.64 3. 3.62

Sydney ............ Moscow ......... Sydney ............ Stuttgart ......... Tokyo ............ Corpus Christi, Texas Perth ...............

Australia U.S.S.R. Australia Germany Japan U.S.A.

: Brisbane ......... Tokyo ............ Perth .............··

N.Korea Australia Japan Australia

Australia

HURDLES 1 10·5 s

80 m

. Germany Australia Germany U.S.S.R . .

. G. Birkemeyer B. Moore K. Balzer 1. Press 1. Press D. Stamejcic

. . . .

24. 25. 23. 9. 28. 5.

7.60 8.62 5.64 8.64 8.64 9.64

Leipzig............ Germany Kassel ............ " LeiPzig ......· .... ·1 Kiev ............... U .S.S.R.

...............

Celje ............... Yugoslavia

RELAYS Polish National Team l Poland (T. Ciepla, 1. Kirszenstein, H. Gorecka, E. Klobukowska)

4 x 100 metres .. .1 43·6 s.

Time, Height or Distance

I Tokyo

1 Japan

Country

Date

G.B. &N.I. ..

5. 8.63

U.S.S.R......

14. 7.63

Moscow

Germany .....

26. 7.58

Leipzig ............ Germany

U.S.S.R .......

9. 9.58

Kiev ............... U.S.S.R.

Hungary ......

21. 7.54

Tata ............... Hungary

HighJump ...... 1·91 m. (6ft. 3 in.) r. Balas ........................... Roumania ... Long Jump ...... 6·76 m............. M.Rand ........................ G.B. &N.I. ... (22 ft. 2t in.)

16. 7.61 14.10.64

Sofia .............. Bulgaria Tokyo ............ Japan

T. Press........................... U.S.S.R...... T. Press ........................... ..... T. Press........................... .....

10. 6.62 12. 9.62 18. 5.63

Leipzig ........... Germany Belgrade ......... Yugoslavia Moscow ......... U.S.S.R.

...............

16.10.64

Tokyo ............ Japan

Event

Holder

1 21.10.64

4xll0yards ... 45·2 s................ G.B. &N.r. ..................... (M. Cobb, M. Rand, D. Arden, D. Hyman) 4 x 200 metres ... 1 m. 35·1 s.......... U.S.S.R. National Team (R. Latse, V. Maslovskaja, G. Popova, M. Itkina) 4x220 yards ... 1 m. 36s. ......... D.D.R. East German Team (H. Sadau, G. Birkemeyer, B. Mayer, C. Stubnick) 3 x 800 metres ... 6 m. 27·4 s.......... Ukrainian National Team ... (L. Yanvareva, D. Kozlova, L. Lysenko-Shevtsova) 3 x880 yards ... 6 m. 36·2 s.......... National Team of Hungary (A. Bacskai, A. Oros, A. Kazi)

Place London ............ England

.........

U.S.S.R.

JUMPING

THROWING Shot ............... 18·55 m ............. (60 ft. lOt in.) Discus ............ 59·29 m............. (194 ft. 6. in.) Javelin ............ 62·40 m............. (204 ft. 8! in.)

E. Gorchakova

.... .

.....

PENTATHLON Pentathlon ...... 5,246 points

...... r. Press

........................... U.S.S.R......

...... 16/17.10.64 Tokyo ............ Japan

-:I Vl

OFFICIAL LIST OF EUROPEAN TRACK AND FIELD RECORDS

--l 0\

(Recognised by the I.A.A.F. as at 31st December, 1964) Time, Height or Distance

Event

Country

Holder

Date

Place

MEN RUNNING

9·45 10 s

100 yards . 100 metres 200 metres (straight) 200 metres (bend) 220 yards (straight) 220 yards (bend) 400 metres . 440 yards . 800 metres . . 880 yards . 1,000 metres 1,500 metres . 1 mile . . 2,000 metres . 3,000 metres 2 miles 3 miles 5,000 metres 6 miles

20·4 s

. A. Rary . A.Hary M. Germar A. Seye . S. Ottotina

20·8 s

1 M. Germar

20·5 s 44'9 s. 45·9 s 1 m. 45·7 s 1 m. 47·5 s 2 m.16·7 s 3 m. 37·8 s 3 m. 56·5 s Sm.I·6s 7m.49·2s

. P. Radford C. Kaufmann . R. Brightwell .. R. Moens .. N. CarroIl .. S. Valentin .. M. Jazy . S. Valentin . M. Jazy .. M. Jazy

8 m. 29·6 s 13 m. 12s . 13m.35s 27 m. 43·8 s

M. lazy

.. .. .. ..

Germany

G.B. &N.I. . Germany . G.B. &N.I. . Belgium . Eire . Germany . . France . Germany . . France ..

G:i3. & N:i:":::

U.S.S.R Hungary

Holder

10,OOOmetres .. , 28 m. 18·2 s .. 10 miles . 47 m. 26·8s .. 1 hour running.,. 20,052'4 m . (12 mls. 810 yds.) 20,000 metres . 59m.51·6s .. 15 miles . 1 h.14 m. 1 s .. 25.000 metres .. 1 h. 16 m. 36·4 s. 30,000 metres .. , 1 h.34m.l·8s.... 3,000 metres , 8 m. 29'6 s Steeplechase

P. Bolotnikov M. Batty E. Zatopek E. Zatopek E. Zatopek E. Zatopek J. Alder

.. . . . .

B. TuUoh V.Kuc. S. Iharos

Time, Height or Distance

Event

. Germany . . . . :::::: . Italy .

. .

Country . U.S.S.R . G.B. &N.I. . Czechoslovakia .. .. . . G.B. &N.I. ... .

1 G. Roelants

30. 21. 31. 16. 21.

5.59 6.60 7.57 9.60 664

2.10.57 28. 6. 14. 3. 17. 19. 28. 28. 14. 27.

5.60 9.60 7.62 8.55 5.63 7.60 7.63 5.59 6.62 6.62

6. 6.63 17. 8.61 13.10.57 15. 7.56

Leverkusen Zurich Cologne

.. Germany .. Switzerland .. Germany

Cologne

Wolverhampton Rome, . London . Oslo . Los Angeles, Cal. Potsdam . Paris . Potsdam . Paris . St. Maur des Fosses Paris . Southampton . Rome . Budapest .

England Italy England Norway U.S.A. Germany France Germany France

Italy Hungary

Date

Place

11. 8.62 11. 4.64 29. 9.51

Moscow .. U.S.S.R. London . England Stara Boleslav CzcchosIo* vakia

29. 9.51 29.10.55 29.10.55 17.10.64

......

....

1 Belgium

7.9.63

Thames Louvain

. Belgium

France

18. 7.64

Annecy·

1 France

G.B. &N.I....

3. 8.63

London

.1 England

RELAYS 4 {{ 100 metres .•. 1 39'2 s. 4xll0yards

140s

4 X 200 metres

1 I

4 X 400 metres ... 1 3

4x440yards

m. 23'9 s

......... .. ..

m. 1·6 s. .. .......

13 m. 7s

4 x 800 metres .. ,I 7 m. 15·8 s

4 x 880 yards

7 m. 21·8 s

France . (P. Genevay, B. Laidebeur, J. L. Brugier, J. Delecour) G.B. &N.1. . (P. F. Radford, R. Jones. D. H. Jones. T. B. Jones) French National Team ...... (P. Genevay. C. Lagorce. C. PiquemaI, J. Delecour) G.B. &N.I. . Graham, A. Metcalfe, J. Cooper. R. Brightwell) G.B. &N.I. . (N. Futter. B. Jackson. R. Brightwell. A. Metcalfe) Belgian National Team ...... (A. Ballieux. A. Langenus. E. Leva. R. Moens) A.A.U. Eire Team .. (R. Delany. N. Carroll. D. McCleane. B. CIifford)

cr.

France

17. 9.61

Viry-ChatiIlon ... 1 France

G.B. &N.I. ...

21.10.64

Tokyo

1 Japan

G.B. &N.I....

22. 7.61

London

1 England

8. 8.56

Brussels

1 Belgium

9. 8.61

Santry, Dublin... l Eire

Belgium Eire

:::.J

......

Time, Height or Distance

Event

4 X 1,500 metres

14 m. 58 s.

4 X 1 mile

16 m. 24·8 s.

Country

Holder

Date

D.V.f.L. National Team l Germany r 23. 7.63 (M. Matuschewski, J. May, S. Herrmann. S. Valentin) English Northern Counties 1 G.B. & N.!. ...1 17. 7.61 Team (S. Taylor, J. Anaerson. A. Simpson, B. Hall)

-.l 00

Place

Potsdam

1 Germany

Santry, Dublin ... 1 Eire

HURDLES 120 yards 110 metres 200 metres (straight) 220 yards (straight) 200 metres (bend)

400 metres 440 yards

13·2 s. . 13·2 s. . 22·6 s.

M. Lauer M. Lauer M. Lauer

.. 23·1 s.

M. Lauer

. 22·5 s.

M. Lauer

. 49·2 s. . SQ' 1 s.

S. Morale S. Morale

Germany

7. 7.59 7. 7.59 1. 7.59

:::::::::::'1

Cologne

Germany

2.10.57 7. 7.59

Zurich

Switzerland

Italy

14. 9.62 15.10.61

Belgrade Rome

U.S.S.R.

23. 9.58 IS. 7.59 23. 8.58 19.11.61 19.11.61 15. 7.59

Simferopol Leningrad Moscow Rome

21. 7.63

Moscow

1 Yugoslavia

Italy

WALKING 20,000 metres '" 1 h. 0 m. 27·5 s... _ 30,000 metres _.. 2 h. 17 m. 16·8 s. 20 miles . 2h. 31 m. 33 s. 30 miles . 4 h. 4 m. 56·8 s . 50,000 metres 4h.14m.2·4s . 2 hours 26,429 metres . (16 mls. 743 yds.)

V. A. A. A. A. A.

Golubnichiy Egorov Vedjakov Pamich Pamich Egorov

JUMPING HighJump

Event

LongJump Triple Jump Pole Vault

1 2·28 m.

V. Brumel..

(7 ft. 5t in.)

.Time, Height or Distance

. 8·31 m. .. (27 ft. in.) .. 17-03 m (55 ft. 10. in.) . 5·15m (16 ft. lOt in.)

Holder

. . .

Italy

ds.s:ii:··::::::

l U.S.S.R

Country

. I. Ter-Ovaneseyan ............ U.S.S.R....... . J. Schmidt ..................... Poland ......... . M. Preussger

..................

..!

Date

10. 6.62 5. 8.60

Germany ......

27. 8.64

.1 .

U.S.S.R. "

Italy U:S.S.R.

.1 U.S.S.R.

_ )".,... Place

...........

OIsztyn ............ Poland

Leipzig ............ Germany

• THROWING Shot Discus Javelin Hammer

19·55 m (64ft. 2 in.) 64·55 m (211 ft. 9. in.) . 91·72m (300 ft. 11 in.) . 70.42m (231 ft. 0, in.)

.. A.Rowe

G.B. &N.I. ...

7. 8.61

Mansfield ......... England

.. T. Pedersen

Czechoslo_ vakia Norway.........

2. 8.64 2. 9.64

.. G. Zsivotzky

Turnov ............ Czechoslovakia Oslo ............... Norway

Hungary ......

23. 9.62

Budapest ......... Hungary

U.S.S.R.......

5{6.9.61

Kiev ............ _

.. L. Danek

DECATHLON Decathlon

8.360 points 1· Y. Kutenko (1952 tables) (equivalent to 7.968 points(1962 tables))

U.S.S.R.

-.l

...... Time, Height or Distance

Event

Holder

Place

Date

Country

WOM EN RUNNIN G 60 metres 100 yards 100 metres

. 7·2 s . 10·6 s . 11·3 s

200 metres 220 yards 400 metres 440 yards 800 metres 880 yards

. . . . . .

23·1 s 23·6 s 52·2 s 53·7 s 2m.l·l s 2m.6·l s

. . . . . . . . . .

. I. Bochkar eva . H. young . V. Krepkin a D.Hym an . I. Kirszens tein . M.Itkin a . A. Packer . M.Itkin a . A. Packer . J. Jordan

U.S.S.R . G.B. &N.I. U.S.S.R G.B. &N.I. Poland U.S.S.R G.B. &N.I U.S.S.R G.B. &N.I

28. 8.60 22. 7.58 13. 9.58 2.10.63 19.10.64 22. 7.56 17.10.64 12. 9.59 20.10.64 24. 9.60

.. . .. .. . .. . .. .. '"

U.S.S.R . Wales U.S.S.R . Hungary Japan U.S.S.R . Japan U.S.S.R . Japan England

. Moscow . Cardiff . Kiev . Budapes t . Tokyo . Kiev . Tokyo . Krasnod ar . Tokyo Welwyo Garden City

RELAYS 4 X100 metres

1 43·6 s

4xll0ya rds

1 45·2s

4x2oom etres

11m.35 ·1s

4x220y ards

llm.36 s

Event

. . Polish Nationa l Team (l'. Ciepla, I. Kirszens tein, H. Gorecka , E. ska) . . G.B. &N.I (M. Cobb, M. D. Rand, D. Arden, D. Hyman) . U.S.S.R . National Team .. (R. Latse, V. Maslovs kaja, G. Popova, M. Itkina) . D.D.R. East German Team (H. Sadau. G. Birkemeyer, B. Mayer, C. Stubnick )

Time, Height or Distance

3 x 800 metres

1 6 m. 27'4 s

3 x 880 yards

1 6 m. 36·2 s

Holder

Poland ......... 1 21.10.64

Tokyo ........... . Japan London ........... . England

G.B. &N.I... .

5. 8.63

U.S.S.R.......

14. 7.63

Moscow

Germany ......

26. 7.58

Leipzig ........... . Germany

Country

Date

.. Ukrainia n National Team .. U.S.S.R ......./ 9. 9.58 CL. Yanvareva, D. Kozlova , L. Lysenko-Shevtsova) . Hungari an National Team... Hungary ...••. 21. 7.54 CA. Bacskai, A. Oros, A. Kazi)

.........

U.S.S.R .

Place

Kiev ........... ..../ U.S.S.R.

Tata ........... .... Hungary

HURDL ES 80 metres

110·5 s

Germany .. U.S.S.R . . .. Yugosla via

1 G. Birkemeyer

K. Balzer r. Press r. Press D. Stamejcic

. .. . . ..

Leipzig ........... . Germany

7.60 5.64 8.64 8.64 9.64

Kiev ........... .... U.s':S.R .

16. 7.61 14.10.64

Sofia ........... .... Bulgaria Tokyo ........... . Japan

10. 6.62 12. 9.62 18. 5.63

Leipzig Belgrade Mosco\v

16.10.64

Tokyo

Japan

116/17.1 0.64/ Tokyo

1 Japan

24. 23. 9. 28. 5.

............

::::::::::: :::: Yugosla via

JUMPIN G High Jump Long Jump

1 Rouman ia

1-91 m. (6ft. 3 in.) r. BaIas ·· .. M. Rand 6·76 m (22 ft. 21 in.)

G.B. & N.!.

. .

THROW ING Shot Discus Javelin

Pent<ithlon

. 18·55 m . (60 ft. 10lin.) . ffi 59·29 (194 ft. 61 in.) .. 62·40 m. (204 ft. 8. in.) 1 5,246 points

. U.S.S.R . . .

T. Press T. Press T. Press E. Gorchak ova

........

PENTA THLON .. I. Press

U.S.S.R

. Germany . Yugosla via . U.S.S.R .

...... ......

OFFICIAL LIST OF OLYMPIC GAMES RECORDS

(Recognised by the I.A.A.F. as at the 31st December, 1964)

Event

Time. Height or Distance

Holder

Country

R.Hayes ........................... H. Carr ................... ·.····· .. ·· a.Davis ........................... C. Kaufmann ..................... P. SueH .............................. H. EHiott ........................... V.Kuc .............................. W. Mills ........................... L. Calhoun ........................ J. Davis ......................········ G.Davis ...........................

1 m. 45·1 s................ 3 m. 35·65................ 13 m. 39·6 s................ 28 m. 24·4s......... ······· 13·55.

..................... .....................

U.S.A. .........

.........

New Zealand Australia...... U.S.S.R....... U.S.A..........

....

......... .........

.........

400 m. Hurdles ...... 49·3 s. 3.000 metres Steeplechase ...... 8 m. 30·8 s. ............... G. Roelants ........................ Belgium ...... 4 x lOO m. Relay... 395. ........................ U.S.A. (0. Drayton, G. Ashworth, R. Stebbins, R. Hayes) .........1 u .SA.......... I 4x400rn.Re1ay ...1 3 m. 0·7 s................· ..1 U.S.A. (0. Cassell, M. Larrabee, U. WiIliams, H. Carr) ......... .. ......... High Jump ............ 2'18 m. (7 ft. H in.) ...... V. Brurnel.. ...................... ··· V.S.S.R. ...... J. Thomas..................... ······ V.S.A ...... :... Long Jump............ 8·12 m. (26 ft. 7i in.) ... R. Boston .................. ......... .. ......... Triple Jump ......... 16·85 m. (55 ft. 3i in.)... J. Schmidt ........................ Poland ...... Pole Vault ............ 5'10 m. (16 ft. 8!- in.) ... F. Hansen..................... ······ U.S.A......... ·

Time, Height or Distance

Event

Shot. Discus Hammer Javelin Decathlon

. . . .

Date

Place

MEN

100 metres ............ 10 s ......................... 200 metres ............ 20·3 s...................... 400 metres ............ 44·9 s ...................... 800 metres ............ 1,500 metres ......... 5,000 metres ......... 10,000 metres ......··· 110 ffi. Hurdles ......

Holder

20·33 m. (66 ft. 8t in.) . 61 m. (200 ft. it in.) . 69·74 m. (228 ft. 9t in.) 85·71 m. (281 ft. 2 in.) ... 8,392 points (1952 tables) ..... (equivalent to 8,001 points (1962 tables))

1964 1964 1960 1960 1964 1960 1956 1964 1956 1956 1960

Tokyo ...... Japan

1964

Tokyo ...... Japan

...... ......

J;pau Italy Australia

:::::: Rome ...... Melbourne Tokyo ...... Melbourne

Japan Australia

.. ....

Italy'

1964 1964 1964 1964 1960 \ Tokyo ...... Japan 1964 1964

Country

Date

Place

D. Long A.Oerter R.Klim E. Danielsen

U.S.A..........

Tokyo ...... Japan

U.'S.S.R:::::::: Norway ......

1964 1964 i964 1956

R. Johnsoo

U.S.A..........

1960

Rome ...... Italy

......

Best performances in events where World Records are not recognised: 20.000 metres Road Walk 50,000 metres Road Walk Marathon

. Ih.29m.34s

. K. Matthews

G.B. &

N.LI

1964

. 4 h. 11 m. 12·4 s . 2h.12m.lJ·2s

. A. Pamich . B. Abebe

Italy............ Ethiopia ......

1964 1964

U.S.A.......... G.B. & U.S.S.R....... Australia...... Germany ...

1964 1964 1964 1964 1960 1964 1964

......

1964

I Tokyo

Japan

I Tokyo

Japan

WOMEN 100 metres 200 metres 400 metres 800 metres 80 m. Hurdles 4 x 100 m. Relay

*Preliminary rounds

11·2 s. .. 23 s. 525. 2 m. 1'1 5................... 10·6 s. . 1 43·6 s. .

*W. Tyus E. McGuire B. Cuthbert A. Packer *1. Press .. *P. KiIborn *K. Balzer 1 Poland Ciepla, 1. Kirszenstein, H. Gorccka, 1. Klobukowska)

cr.

N.L

:::::

Poland

Tokyo

00 W

184

185 WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS Held in conjunction with the Olympic Games, Tokyo, 1964

MEN 100 METRES 1. R. Hayes, D.S.A., 10 s.

.•d ;z:• •;

S"'Q u:i o ..

.. C::>

2. E. Figuerola. Cuba, 10'2 s. 3. H. Jerome. Canada, 10'2 s. 200 METRES I. H. Carr, 20'3 s. 2. O. Drayton, U ..::s.A., 20'5 s. 3. E. Roberts, Trinidad & Tobago, 20'6 s. 400 METRES 1. M. Larrabee. D.S.A., 45'1 s. 2. W. Mottley. Trinidad & Tobago, 45'2 s.

3. A. Badenski, Poland, 45'6 s. 800 METRES

1. P. Snell, New Zealand, 1 m. 45'1 s.

2. W. Crothers, Canada, 1 m. 45'6 s. 3. W. Kiprugut, Kenya, 1 m. 45'9 s. 1,500 METRES 1. P. Snel1, New Zealand, 3 m. 38'1 s. 2. J. odJoin, Czechoslovakia, 3 m. 39'6 s. 3. J. Davies, New Zealand,

3 m. 39'6 s.

5,000 METRES 1. R. Schul. D.S.A., 13 m. 48'8 s. 2. H. Norpoth, Germany, 13 m. 49'6 s.

3. W. DelIinger, D.S.A., 13 m. 49'8 s. 10,000 METRES 1. W. Mills, D.S.A., 28 m. 24'4 s. 2. M. Gammoudi, Tunisia, 28 m. 24'8 s. 3. R. Clarke, Australia, 28 m. 25'8 s. 110 METRES HURDLES 1. H. Jones, V.S.A., 13'6 s. 2. H. Lindgren, D.S.A., 13'7 s. 3. A. Mikhailov, V.S.S.R., 13'7 s. 400 METRES HURDLES 1. W. Cawley, V.S.A., 49'6 s. 2. J. Cooper, G.B. & N.I., 50'1 s. 3. S. Morale, Italy, 50'1 s. 3,000 METRES STEEPLECHASE 1. G. Roelants, Belgium, 8 m. 30'8 s. 2. M. Herriou, G.B. & N.I., 8 m. 32'4 s. 3. I. Beliaev, V.S.S.R., 8 m. 33'8 s.

20 KILOMETRE WALK 1. K. Matthews, G.B. & N.!., 1 h. 29 m. 34'0 s. 2. D. Lindner, Germany, 1 h. 31 m. 13'2 s. 3. V. Golubnicby, V.S.S.R., 1 h. 31 m. 59'4 s. SO KILOMETRE WALK 1. A. Pamich, Italy, 4 h. 11 m. 12'4 s. 2. V. Nihill, G.B. & N.!., 4 h. 11 m. 31'2 s. 3. r. Pettersson, Sweden, 4 h. 14 m. 17'4 s. 4Xl00 METRES RELAY 1. V.IS.A. (0. Drayton, G. Ashworth, R. Stebbins, R. Hayes), 39'0 s. 2. Poland (A. Zielinski, W. Maniak, M. Foik, M. DUdziak), 39'3 s. 3. France (P. Genevay, B. Laideheur, C. Piquemal, J. Delecour), 39'3 s. 4x400'METRES RELAY 1. D.S.A. (0. Cassel1, M. Larrabee, U. WilIiams, H. Carr), 3 m. 0'7 s. 2. G.B. & N.!. (T. Graham, A. Metcalfe, J. Cooper, R. BrightwelI), 3 m. 1'6 s. 3. Trinidad & Tobago (E. Skinner, K. Bemard, E. Roberts, W. Mottley), 3 m. 1'7 s. MARATHON

1. A. Bikila, Ethiopia,

2 h. 12 m. 11'2 s. 2. B. Heatley, G.B. & N.!., 2 h. 16 m. 19'2 s. 3. K. Tsuburaya, Japan, 2 h. 16 m. 22'8 s. HIGH JUMP 1. V. BrumeI, V.S.S.R., 2'18 m. (7 ft. It in.) 2. J. Thomas, D.S.A., 2'18 m. (7 ft. It in.) 3. J. Rambo, V.S.A., 2'16 m. (7 ft. 1 in.) LONG JUMP 1. L. Davies t G.B. & N.!., 8'07 m. (26 ft. 5i in.) 2. R. Boston, V.S.A., 8'03 m. ( 26 ft. in.) 3. 1. Ter-Ovanesyan t V.S.S.R' t 7'99 m. (26 ft. 2t in.)

187

186 TRIPLE JUMP 1. J. Schmidt, Poland, 16'85 m. (55 ft. in.) 2. O. Fedoseev, U.S.S.R., 16'58 m. (54 ft. 4, in.) 3. V. Kravchenko, U.S.S.R .• 16'57 m. (54 ft. 4.,f- in.)

2. 3. 1.

2. 3.

POLE VAULT F. Hansen, D.S.A., 5'10 m. (16 ft. 8t in.) W. Reinhardt, Germany, 5'05 m. (16 ft. 6, in.) K. Lehnertz, Germany, 5-00 m. (16 ft. 4t in.) SHOT D. Long, D.S.A., 20'33 m. (66 ft. 8t in.) J. Matson, D.S.A., 20'20 m. (66 ft. 3t in.) V. Varju, Hungary, 19'39 m. (63 ft. 7t in.) DISCUS

1. A. Gerter, D.S.A., 61-00 m. (200 ft.

It in.)

2. L. Danek, Czechoslovakia, 60-52 m. (198 ft. 6t in.) 3. D. Weill, D.S.A., 59'49 m. (195 ft. 2 in.)

HAMMER I. R. Klim, U.S.S.R., 69'74 m. (228 ft. 2{ in.) 2. G. Zsivotzky, Hungary. 69-09 m. (226 ft. 8 in.) 3. U. Beyer, Germany, 68'09 m. (223 ft. 4-1 in.) JAVELIN 1. P. Nevala, Finland, 82'66 m.

(271 ft. 2, in.) 2. G. Kulcsar. Hungary. 82'32 m. (270 ft. I in.) 3. Y. Lusis, U.S.S.R., 80'57 m. (264 ft. 4 in.) DECATHLON Holdorf, Germany (10'7 5., 7'00 m., 14'95 m., 1'84 m., 48'2 5., 15'0 5., 46'05 m., 4'20 m., 57'37 m., 4 m. 34'3 s.), 7,887 points. 2. R. Ann, U.S.S.R. (10'9 s.. 7'22 m., 13'82 m., 1'93 m., 48'8 s., 15'9 s., 44'19 m., 4'20 m., 59'06 m., 4 m. 22'3 s.), 7,842 points. 3. H-J. Walde, Germany (11 s., 7'21 m., 14'45 m., 1'96 m., 49'5 s., 15'3 5., 43'15 m., 4'10 m., 62'90 m., 4 m. 37'0 s.), 7,809 points. 1. W.

WOMEN lOO METRES 1. W. Tyus, U.S.A., 11'4 s. 2. E. McGuire, U.S.A., 11'6 s. 3. E. Klobukowska, Poland, 11'6 s. W. Tyus, V.S.A., 11'2 s. (heat).

200 METRES 1. E. McGuire, U.S.A., 23·0 s. 2. I. Kirszenstein, Poland, 23'1 s. 3. M. Black, Australia, 23'1 s.

LONG JUMP 1. M. Rand, G.B. & N.!., 6'76 m. (22 ft. 2f in.) 2. 1. Kirszenstein, Poland, 6'60 m. (21 ft. in.) 3. T. Sche1kanova, U.S.S.R., 6'42 m.

(21 ft.

in.)

SHOT 1. T. Press, U.S.S.R., 18'14 m. (59 ft. 6t in.)

400 METRES 1. B. Cuthbert, Australia, 52'0 s. 2. A. Packer, G.B. & N.!., 52'2 s. 3. J. Amoore, Australia, 53'4 s.

2. R. Garisch-Culmberger, Germany, 17'61 m. (57 ft. 9t in.) 3. G. Zybina, V.S.S.R., 17'45 m. (57 ft. 3 in.)

800 METRES 1. A. Packer, G.B. & N.r.. 2 m. 1'1 s. 2. M. Dupureur, France, 2 m. 1'9 s. 3. A. Chamberlain, New Zealand.

DISCUS 1. T. Press, V.S.S.R., 57'27 m. (187 ft. lOt in.) 2. 1. Lotz, Germany, 57'21 m. (187 ft. 8t in.) 3. L. Manoliu, Roumania, 56'97 m. (186 ft. 11 in.)

2 m. 2'8 s.

80 METRES HURDLES 1. K. Balzer, Germany, 10'5 s. 2. T. Ciepla, Poland, 10'5 s. 3. P. Kilborn, Australia, 10'5 s. (assisting wind of 2'23 m. per sec.).

4 X100 METRES RELAY 1. Poland (T. Ciepla, !. Kirszenstein, H. Gorecka, E. Klobukowska), 43-6 s. 2. U.S.A. (W. White, W. Tyus, M. White, E. McGuire), 43'9 s. 3. G.B. & N.!. (J. Simpson, M. Rand, D. Arden, D. Hyman), 44'0 s. HIGH JUMP 1. 1. Balas, Roumania, 1'90 m.

. (6 ft. 2'i in.) 2. M. Brown, Australia, 1'80 m. . (5 ft. 11 in.) 3. T. Chenchik, V.S.S.R., 1'78 m. (5 ft. 10 in.)

JAVELIN 1. M. Penes, Roumania, 60'54 m.

(198 ft. 7! in.) 2. A. Rudas, Hungary, 58'27 m. (191 ft. 2 in.) 3. E. Gorchakova, V.S.S.R., 57'06 m. (187 ft. 2t in.) E. Gorchakova, U .S.S.R., 62'40 m. (Qualification) (204 ft. 8t in.) PENTATHLON 1. I. Press, U.S.S.R. (l0'7 s., 17'16 m., 1·63 m., 6'24 m., 24'7 s.), 5,246 points. 2. M. Rand, G.B. & N.I. (10'9 s., H '05 m., 1'72 m., 6'55 m., 24·2 s.), 5.035 points. 3. G. Bystrova, V.S.S.R. (l0'7 s., 14'47 m., 1'60 m., 6'11 m., 25'5 s.), 4,956 points.

(NoTE.-Distances, which are officially recorded in metres and centimetres, have been converted, for the information of members, into feet and inches. to the nearest quarter inch for distances below 100 feet, and to the nearest half inch for distances above 100 feet.)

188

189

INDEX Advertisingrecord attempt rules ... ... use of name Age-eross-country Alterations to rules Amateur status ... Announcer

Apparatus Area Championships Assistancecross-country in event marathon shoes walk Awards-value Bell Broadcasting-radio & T.V.

Rule No.

148 101 53 168 13 51-55 125 201-216 11 168 142 165 142 191 10 122 53

Championships11 Area 351-364 European 301-311 Olympics 11 World ... 142:171 Check-marks Clerks of course 121: 162: 168 ... 142 Clothing 142 Competition, The 101-195 Competition Rules 9 Congress Constitution of the 1-13 I.A.A.F. Conversion-weights & measures

)

Council CJ:oss-country

102 7 168

143: 195 Decathlon 148 World records Direction of running ... 161

Discusgeneral cage circle

construction

flags

sectors ties

trials Disqualificationconduct delays ... doping interference out of lane relay starting Doping-drugs Draw ... Electrical timing ... Eligibilitycountry international Entries EuropeanCommission

Cup Expenses

Finals Finishgeneral judges posts Flagscross-country sector

throwing events tracks ... walking Footwear

Rule No.

181:183 208 183:209 205 212: 181 211:18'1 146 142: 143: 181 116 142 144 142 142 142: 166 162 144 143 119 10 52 141 12 366 53 143 162 117 162: 216 168 212: 181 181:212 161 191 ... 142

Rule No.

185 303

Gloves Ground-Olympic Hammergeneral cage circle

construction flags sectors ties trialforder Handicaps Heats ... High jumpgeneral apparatus ties Hurdlesgeneral construction wind

181: 185 208 185: 209 207 181:212 181 :211 146 181: 142: 143 148 143 171:172 201 146 163 213 148

I.A.A.F. constitution Implementscomply I.A.A.F. specifications ... Improper conduct Inclinationfield track Interference Intermediate times International meetings Invitations ... Javelingeneral construction sector/flags ties trials/order

... 1-13 149 201-216 116 171 :'181 '161: 148 142 142 10 10

181-182 204 21'l :212: 181 146 181 : 142: 143

Rule No. Judgescross-country field '" racing ... walking Jumpsgeneral specifications trials/order ...

168 117: 142 117 117:191

171-175 201-203 171: 142 Juniors-cross-country 168 Juryduties Olympics

Lanes Languagemeetings start Lap scorers Lap times ... Levelsjumps ... records throwing tracks ... Long jumpgeneral specifications ties trials/order wind Manager Marathon ... Marshal Measurements Medicalmarathon relay walking women

115: 147 301: 302 142: 161 4 162 122 142 171 148 181 161 171-174 ... 203 146 171: 142: 143 148 112 165 124 145: 102: 165

... 165 ... 166 ... 191

141:148 8 102

Membership of I.A.A.F. Metric conversion

191

190 Rule No. Nominations for LA.A.F. 5 Committees Numbers-competitors 121: 142

3 Objects of the LA.A.F.... 6 Officers of the I.A.A.F.... Officials168 cross-country 111-126 duties 304-308 Olympics Olympics11 championships meetings prior to 10 Games 301-311 rules 162 One-hour race

Pentathlon195 general 143 trials 148 world records 11 Permits for Area Games 117: 162 Photo-finish-judges Pointsmen-cross-country 168 Pole vault171:173 ge!,-eral 142 gnp 142 numbers 201:202 specifications 146 s 173: 149 lvate implements 10 :53 Prizes 147 Protests

Qualifications for representing country Qualifying trialsgeneral Olympic Games

10 143 309

Recontest Recorders RecordsEuropean World Referees Refreshmentscross-country

marathon walking Relaysbatons general lanes Re-run Resin

Rule No. 116: 142 123 365 148 116 168 165 191 214 166 142: 161 116: 142 142

Scoring168 cross-country 195 decathlon international matches ... 142 195 pentathlon 113 Secretary 143 Seeding 168 Seniors-cross-country Shot184:181 general 209 circles 206 construction 181 :211 :212 sectors/flags ... 210 stop board 146 ... ties 142:143:181 trials/order 142 Simultaneous events Specifications 201: 216 Sponging points .. , ... 165 Start ... 161: 162: 168: 195 120: 162: 168 Starter 162:215 Starting blocks ... 164 Steeplechase 111 Stewards 8 Subscription fees 126: 145 Surveyor 9 Suspensions

Tapes-steel Teams-

Rule No. 145: 148

cross-country 168 track 167 Technical Committee 12 Technical Manager 114 Throwinggeneral 142: 143: 181: 185 speC'ifications 204: 212 ties 146 trials 142:143:181 'J'iescross-country 168 decathlon 195 pentathlon 195 teams 167 track/field 146 Time-interval-heat & final 143 Timekeepersdecathlon 195 duties 119 one/two hours races 162 pentathlon 195 records 148 Torso 119:162 Tracks 161 Travel expenses 53 Triple jumpgeneral 175:171 take-off board ... ... 203 ties 146 trials 142: 143: 171 wind 148 Two-hours race 162

Umpires

Voting powers

Walkinggeneral rules judges 'Lugano' Trophy shoes Walking Commission Watches Water jump Weights Wind-record Wooden surfaces World records Worsted ... WomenCommission

competition rules

cross-country

discus hurdles javelin officials nationality medical certificate pentathlon shot

Rule No. 118:168

19 I 117:191 192 142 12 119 164 145 148 148 148:381 162 12 101 168 205 163 204 111 10 141: 148 195 206

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194 Rule No. Tapes-steel 145: 148 Teamscross-country 168 track 167 Technical Committee 12 Technical Manager 114 Throwinggeneral 142: 143: 181: 185 specifications 204: 212 ties 146 trials 142: 143: 181 J1iescross-country 168 decathlon 195 pentathlon 195 teams 167 track/field 146 Time-interval-heat & final 143 Timekeepersdecathlon 195 duties 119 one/two hours races 162 pentathlon 195 records 148 Torso 119: 162 Tracks 161 Travel expenses ... 53 Triple jumpgeneral 175:171 take-off board ... 203 ties 146 trials 142: 143: 171 wind 148 Two-hours race 162

Rule No. Umpires

118: 168

Voting powers

Walkinggeneral rules judges 'Lugano' Trophy safety precautions shoes Walking Commission Watches Water jump Weights Wind-record Wooden surfaces World records Worsted ... WomenCommission competition rules cross-country discus ... hurdles javelin officials nationality medical certificate pentathlon shot

191 117:191 192 191 142 12 119 164 145 148 148 148:381 162 12 101 168 205 163 204 111 10 141: 148 195 206

PRINTED IN ENGLAND BY THE HILLINGDON PRESS (KING & HUTCHINGS LTD.), UXBRIDGE, MIDDLESEX