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The significant spatial variability of the soil cover results from the differentaial impact of individual soil-forming factors. In this book the pedo-variability is presented in form of soil sequences which are characteristic for... more
The significant spatial variability of the soil cover results from the differentaial impact of individual soil-forming factors. In this book the pedo-variability is presented in form of soil sequences which are characteristic for particular types of landscapes. The fourth part of Soil Sequences Atlas contains description of 75 pedons (with soil profile photo, description of morphology, laboratory data) grouped in 15 chapters representing different environmental settings specific for Central or East Europe and Caucasia. The Atlas begins with the presentation of a pedo-landscape dominated by alluvial and gleying processes (Vistula River delta in Poland). The next is a group of chapters devoted to mountainous regions with compilation of different soil-formin processes, e.g. podzoliztion (Karkonosze Mts., Poland) or accumulation of humus (Trialeti Range, Georgia). The second part of book is focused on issues related to slope processes in different landscapes - from karst sinkholes in the Pre-Ural forest-steppe (Russia), throughout loess plateaus (Hungary, Belarus) and glacial morainic plateaus (Latvia, Lithuania, Poland) to the areas with glacial curvilineations or covered by outwash plains (Poland). The collected data is intended as a useful educational tool in teaching soil science, supporting understanding of the reasons for the variability of soil cover, and also as a WRB classification guideline. It is intended to be useful not only for students but also by practitioners in agriculture, forestry, environmental protection and landscape planning. The Atlas was developed as part of the EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil)
Paper describes human influance on variability of soils in Vistula river delta
Soil Sequences Atlas III is a continuation of two earlier volumes published in 2014 and 2018. As in the previous studies, the variability of soil cover is presented in the form of soil sequences characteristic of particular types of... more
Soil Sequences Atlas III is a continuation of two earlier volumes published in 2014 and 2018. As in the previous studies, the variability of soil cover is presented in the form of soil sequences characteristic of particular types of landscapes. Each of the chapters contains a general description of the environment (lithology, topography, land use, climate), a set of soil data (soil profile photo, description of morphology, laboratory data) and their interpretation in terms of the pedogenesis and systematic position according to the WRB (2015) system. The “catenary approach” (expressed in the form of individual figures) helps to better understand the relationships between individual components of the environment and soils. Chapters are arranged roughly according to the main soil-forming process in sequences and referring to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources except for Technosols, which as “unnatural” soils are placed at the end of the book. At the beginning of the book, two landscapes dominated by Gleysols and gleyic processes were described – tidal flats in Germany and the flood plain of the Vistula River in Poland. Next, the mountain areas with Andosols (Slovakia), Lithosols and Podzols (Poland) were presented. The issue of the environment with the dominant podsolization process was continued in the subsequent chapters from Lithuania and Russia. Chapters 8 and 9 are related to Hungarian and Ukrainian soils with a pronounced accumulation of humus in epipedons (Chernozems, Umbrisols, Phaeozems). The book ends with a section on issues related to clay-illuviated (Luvisols), coarse textured (Arenosols) and technogenic (Technosols) soils in Poland, Estonia and Czechia. Sixteen Reference Soil Groups are featured, and represented by 61 soil profiles in total. One of the objectives of the Soil Sequences Atlas is to explain the relationships (predictable to some extent) between the landscape and soil cover. The collected data are intended to be a useful educational tool in the teaching of soil science, supporting the understanding of the causes of soil cover variability, and also as a WRB classification guideline. They are intended to be useful not only to students but also practitioners in agriculture, forestry, environmental protection and landscape planning. The Atlas was developed as part of the EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil)
Paper presents changes in soil cover of Horatska Plain caused by agriculture
Abstract book of SUITMA 7 conference - Toruń, September 2013
Book of extended abstracts from SUITMA 9 conference, Moscow, May 201
The urban soil cover pattern is unique for every city and it largely depends on a few factors, i.e. the length of a settlement, population density, types of technogenic activities (like industry or transportation), natural and... more
The urban soil cover pattern is unique for every city and it largely depends on a few factors, i.e. the length of a settlement, population density, types of technogenic activities (like industry or transportation), natural and human-induced disasters (e.g. war destruction).The anthropogenic and technogenic transformations of soils of Toruń (founded in 1233, midsized city located in Northern Poland) displayed typical and repeatable long-term and short-term soil characteristics and genesis for classification. Investigations in Toruń provided the scientific validation of additions and modifications of qualifiers in the Technosols and other RSG’s of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) classification system
In recent years, urban soils have been extensively researched. The growing interest in the related issues contributes to better understanding of the soil cover diversity in the cities, identification of changes and threats resulting from... more
In recent years, urban soils have been extensively researched. The growing interest in the related issues contributes to better understanding of the soil cover diversity in the cities, identification of changes and threats resulting from urbanization and industrialisation. This book presents the state of the art of knowledge about diverse technogenic soils in Poland. It includes many examples of urban soil studies conducted in miscellaneous Polish scientific centres. The presented issues concern not only morphology and properties of technogenic soils, but also their genesis, functioning in the environment, classification and reclamation. For the purpose of accurate terminology, this book distinguishes between intentional human activity in agricultural areas, aiming at increasing the soil productivity, which leads to the development of Anthrosols, and in most cases, unintentional human activity related to life, industrial production or transport. The latter results in profound transformations of the soil cover in urban areas and formation of different technogenic soils. This term was used to describe soils of urban areas because not all of them meet the criteria defined by WRB for Technosols. The process of their development was defined as technogenesis, and all human activities related to construction, industry, transportation, mining and military, a³ecting (both intentionally and unintentionally) the formation of technogenic soils, were defined as technopressure. The editors hope that this monograph will provide new information on technogenic soils and will contribute to improvement of classification of this group of soils, and will further influence the growth of urban soil science
There are only a few publications dealing with Ekranic Technosols. The aim of this study was investigating the morphology and selected chemical and physical properties of sealed soils of Toruń, Poland and Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Seven sites... more
There are only a few publications dealing with Ekranic Technosols. The aim of this study was investigating the morphology and selected chemical and physical properties of sealed soils of Toruń, Poland and Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Seven sites were selected; 2 were located in Cluj-Napoca and 5 in Toruñ. Most of the soils were characterized by alkaline reaction, high CaCO3 content, low OC and N content. Some profiles contain layers with a high content of phosphorus, which is related to the previous land use. Greinert s [2003] proposal of the classification of urban soils should be supplemented by a subunit comprising carbonate ekranosols
The culinary tradition is always part of the culture of a given nation. On the other hand, traveling is always associated with a desire to learn about the customs of various ethnic groups where food is an integral part of a trip. Culinary... more
The culinary tradition is always part of the culture of a given nation. On the other hand, traveling is always associated with a desire to learn about the customs of various ethnic groups where food is an integral part of a trip. Culinary traditions and products play an increasingly important role in the development of tourism. Many tourism products are based on exploring the culinary wealth. It can be said that national and regional cuisine constitute one of the main tourism values. The aim of this work is to present the resources essential for the culinary tourism in Portugal. First of all, the authors focused on the characteristics of Portuguese cuisine. The particular attention has been paid to its uniqueness and specificity which distinguish it from other Mediterranean countries. The paper also considers the issue of knowledge of tourists about the gastronomic culture of Portugal and popularity of Portuguese foods and drinks in Poland.
The science of Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas (SUITMAs) is an interdisciplinary branch of investigation within the general topic of soil science. It has its origin in several fields such as soil survey,... more
The science of Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas (SUITMAs) is an interdisciplinary branch of investigation within the general topic of soil science. It has its origin in several fields such as soil survey, pollution and health impacts, green infrastructure, storm and sewage drainage, and urban planning (Burghardt et al., 2015). As soil science in comparison to other scientific disciplines is relatively young, and the acknowledgment of the science of SUITMAS is even younger. In the mid-1980s, more and more soil scientists started to work in urban areas worldwide. During the 16th World Congress of Soil Science(16 WCSS), the International WG Urban Soils – Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic and Mining Areas (WG SU/SUITMA) of the ISSS was founded at August 20th, 1998 in Montpellier France. WG SUITMA recently established website: https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/. It will be a platform to share knowledge about technogenic and anthropogenic soils and to exchange important information about it. It also will be a place of intercommunication and establishment of cooperation and to promote knowledge about SUITMAs as well
Permanent technogenic disturbances of urban environments and formation of technogenic sediments result in short cycles of soils’ formation and ‘young’ age of soils of urban areas. Moreover, different susceptibility of urban soil materials... more
Permanent technogenic disturbances of urban environments and formation of technogenic sediments result in short cycles of soils’ formation and ‘young’ age of soils of urban areas. Moreover, different susceptibility of urban soil materials to anthropogenic disturbances result in different ages of urban soils’ horizons. Dust sedimentation and greenery maintenance contribute to the vertical growth of soil layers. This trend of ‘topsoil’ buildup is referred as ‘synlithogenic’ trend in soil forming process. Synlithogenic soil formation is typical for urban soils and, in contrast, is rare for natural soils, where the major soil processes usually are directed down in the profile (except, for alluvial, colluvial and volcanic soils) (Dobrovolsky and Urussevskaya, 2004). In result, the relative age of urban topsoil is most often younger than of subsoil layers. Various types of soil transformations in urban areas can be distinguished: (i) transport and deposition; (ii) long-term deposition; (iii) mixing; (iv) sealing (Hulisz et al., 2016). The most typical features of soil formation in described areas include: i) vertical growth of topsoil layers and predominantly synlithogenic soil formation process; ii) short time periods for soil formation, resulting in the early stages of pedogenesis; iii) abrupt and clear boundaries of layers and horizons, iv) specific chemical features, caused by dust deposition and anthropogenic disturbances, including alkaline pH, contamination with heavy metals and hydrocarbons, elevated carbon and phosphorous content; v) altered physical features, including high bulk density and high share of technogenic materials (artefacts) within the profile; vi) specific community of living organisms both in terms of biodiversity and total biomass. Urban soils are then frequently characterized by a substantial horizontal and vertical heterogeneity. The differentiation of the soil sites is significantly related to the site age, technogenic impact intensity and the form of land use (Greinert, 2015). Specific factors of formation of urban soils and their unique features determines substantial differences between technogenic and non-urban soils, recognized by many national and international classifications, which distinguish presently urban soils as an individual taxon. However, modern soil science, derived from agronomy and forestry, since its beginning in late 19th century was focused on natural zonal and azonal soils, whereas soils of the urban areas were absent in soil classification schemes for a long time. Present-day status of these soils in the international and selected national classifications will be presented in this chapter
Terroir refers to the geographical origin of wines. The landscape factors (topography, parent rock, soil, microbial life, climate, natural vegetation) are coupled with cultural factors (cultivation history and technology, cultivars and... more
Terroir refers to the geographical origin of wines. The landscape factors (topography, parent rock, soil, microbial life, climate, natural vegetation) are coupled with cultural factors (cultivation history and technology, cultivars and rootstock) and all together define a terroir. The physical factors can be well visualized by a slope profile developed into a pedosequence showing the regular configuration of the relevant physical factors for a wine district. In the present study the generalized topographic pedosequence (or catena) and GIS spatial model of the Villány Hills, a historical wine producing region, serves for the spatial representation and characterization of terroir types. A survey of properties of Cabernet Franc grape juice allowed the comparison of 10 vineyards in the Villány Wine District, Southwest Hungary. Five grape juice properties (FAN, NH3, YAN, density and glucose + fructose content) have been found to have a moderate linear relationship (0.5 < r2 < 0.7) ...
The aim of this paper is to assess the quality and correctness of information on Polish soils available on selected websites. Particular attention was paid to educational portals, which became the subject of evaluation of the information... more
The aim of this paper is to assess the quality and correctness of information on Polish soils available on selected websites. Particular attention was paid to educational portals, which became the subject of evaluation of the information its contains in terms of the correctness, up-to-dateness and reliability. Twenty-five websites representing educational portals and blogs were selected for analysis in terms of their contents (type of subject matter) correctness (substantial value), curentness (presence of up-to-date information) and completeness. Most of the information on the evaluated educational portals is targeted at high school students. These websites present only basic content. The most frequent issues on the analyzed portals were: soil types and soil systematics, distribution of soils in Poland, definition of soil and also soil valuation classes. Websites addressed to university students constitute a decided minority, could be said, that even an exception. One of those is a...
Oddajemy dziś do rąk Czytelników publikację, która poświęcona jest fenomenowi turystyki kulinarnej. Zjawisko to starali się przeanalizować specjaliści różnych dyscyplin. Zebrane w tomie prace prezentują punkt widzenia ekonomistów,... more
Oddajemy dziś do rąk Czytelników publikację, która poświęcona jest fenomenowi turystyki kulinarnej. Zjawisko to starali się przeanalizować specjaliści różnych dyscyplin. Zebrane w tomie prace prezentują punkt widzenia ekonomistów, geografów, socjologów, antropologów, czy wreszcie specjalistów ds. żywienia człowieka. Dużą grupę artykułów stanowią opracowania o charakterze inwentaryzacyjnym, próbujące ukazać aktualne oblicze polskiego rynku podróży inspirowanych kulinariami, zarówno od strony popytowej, jak i podażowej. Interesujące są zwłaszcza studia nad różnymi formami wykorzystania naszego kulinarnego dziedzictwa do kreowania oferty turystycznej, w tym tzw. biroturystyki. Dopełnienie zbioru stanowią prace poświęcone wybranym zagadnieniom rozwoju turystyki kulinarnej poza granicami Polski. […] Mamy nadzieję, że przygotowana monografia stanie się zaczątkiem szerszej dyskusji nad turystyką kulinarną w Polsce, a także zachętą i inspiracją do podjęcia badań naukowych, jak również oryginalnych przedsięwzięć praktycznych
The pivotal role of soil as a resource is not fully appreciated by the general public. Improving education in soil science represents a challenge in a world where soil resources are under serious threat. Today’s high school students, the... more
The pivotal role of soil as a resource is not fully appreciated by the general public. Improving education in soil science represents a challenge in a world where soil resources are under serious threat. Today’s high school students, the world’s future landowners, agriculturalists, and decision makers, have the potential to change society’s apathy towards soils issues. This research aimed to compare the level of soil education in high and/or secondary schools in forty-three countries worldwide, together comprising 62% of the world’s population. Comparisons were made between soil science content discussed in educationally appropriate textbooks via a newly proposed soil information coefficient (SIC). Interviews with teachers were undertaken to better understand how soil science education is implemented in the classroom. Statistical analyses were investigated using clustering. Results showed that gaps in soil science education were most commonly observed in countries where soil science is a non-compulsory or optional subject. Soil science concepts are predominantly a part of geography or environmental science curricula. Consequently, considerable variability in soil science education systems among investigated countries exists. Soil information coefficient‘s outcomes demonstrated that a methodological approach combining textbooks and the use of modern digitally based strategies in the educational process significantly improved soil education performances. Overall, soil science education is under-represented in schools worldwide. Dynamic new approaches are needed to improve pivotal issues such as: i) promoting collaborations and agreements between high school and universities; ii) encouraging workshops and practical exercises such as field activities; and, iii) implementing technology tools. This, in turn, will prepare the next generation to contribute meaningfully towards solving present and future soil problems.
Alluvial soils cover about 5% territory of Poland and they are an important part of the environment of fl oodplains and river valleys. These soils have long been studied by soil scientists around the world. The high school students also... more
Alluvial soils cover about 5% territory of Poland and they are an important part of the environment of fl oodplains and river valleys. These soils have long been studied by soil scientists around the world. The high school students also have a relatively high knowledge of them in comparison with other soil types. Information about them is readily available in textbooks and on the internet. Is this enough to make alluvial soils the driving force behind efforts to popularize soil science? The aim of this paper is to diagnose the state of knowledge about these soils among high school students of Kuyavian-Pomeranian region as well as the assessment of their suitability in the soil awareness raising. Querying geography textbooks and internet sources as well as a survey method were used as the main research methods. Information on alluvial soils is commonly found in geography textbooks and websites. The awareness of soil distribution within Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodship is the highest for alluvial soils among all studied types of soils. Respondents correctly assess the value of these soils and can identify ways to increase soil awareness among the public. Among the respondents there is a conviction that there is a need for changes in soil science education, especially in the fi eld of extracurricular activities. Suggestions for such activities are included in this publication. The Year of Alluvial Soils is a good opportunity to introduce new solutions in the popularization of soil science on a regional and national scale.
Teaching geography creates an opportunity for the transfer of knowledge about environmental problems and ways of solving them. Teachers from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Turkey, and the United Kingdom indicated strengths... more
Teaching geography creates an opportunity for the transfer of knowledge about environmental problems and ways of solving them. Teachers from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Turkey, and the United Kingdom indicated strengths and weaknesses of physical geography as well as the selected geographical concepts of: Maps/Cartography, Astronomy/The Earth in the Universe, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Endogenic processes, Exogenic processes, and Soils and biosphere. There was a variety in how confident students were around these topic areas. The main types of difficulties identified by the study were: too little time for implementation, difficult terminology, and lack of tools for the proper transfer of knowledge. Moreover, the attractiveness of individual issues for students also varies. The research clearly shows that students lack an awareness of problems related to the environment. There are considerable differences between the level of students’ knowledge about climate change o...
Teaching geography creates an opportunity for the transfer of knowledge about environmental problems and ways of solving them. Teachers from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Turkey, and the United Kingdom indicated... more
Teaching geography creates an opportunity for the transfer of knowledge about environmental
problems and ways of solving them. Teachers from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland,
Romania, Turkey, and the United Kingdom indicated strengths and weaknesses of physical geography
as well as the selected geographical concepts of: Maps/Cartography, Astronomy/The Earth
in the Universe, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Endogenic processes, Exogenic processes, and Soils
and biosphere. There was a variety in how confident students were around these topic areas. The
main types of difficulties identified by the study were: too little time for implementation, difficult
terminology, and lack of tools for the proper transfer of knowledge. Moreover, the attractiveness of
individual issues for students also varies. The research clearly shows that students lack an awareness
of problems related to the environment. There are considerable differences between the level of
students’ knowledge about climate change or air and water pollution (relatively high awareness of
global warming) and issues related to soil and vegetation cover (low awareness of soil depletion, soil
pollution, changing the boundaries of the occurrence of plant zones, etc.). To make people aware of
the importance of environment, we should take care of education in relation to global challenge and
sustainable development.
Rusty soils cover about 15% of Poland’s territory and they are the most important type of soil used in the forest management. Polish soil scientists know these soils very well but, unfortunately it seems, that students who come to... more
Rusty soils cover about 15% of Poland’s territory and they are the most important type of soil used
in the forest management. Polish soil scientists know these soils very well but, unfortunately it
seems, that students who come to environmental studies know very little about them–less than
about other soil units. Does electing rusty soil as the Polish Soil of the Year 2021 present an opportunity
to change that? The aim of this paper is to diagnose what is the availability of information
on rusty soils at the level of education in secondary schools and what is the state of knowledge
about these soils in the broad non-academic community. Three main research methods were used:
querying geography textbooks, querying internet sources and survey method. Information on rusty
soils is rather not presented in textbooks. Of the 17 analysed websites – 8 lack any information on
those soils. Coeffi cient of Information Availability (CIA) for rusty soils is one of two lowest among
all studied units. Respondents assessed the knowledge of rusty soils lower than most of other Polish
soils but they would like to learn more about them. Additionally, the low level of knowledge about
it does not reduce its recognition: respondents had no problem to recognize rusty soil on the base
of photograph and to distinguish the correct number of genetic horizons. The Year of Rusty Soil is a
great opportunity to introduce young people to these soils. Field lessons can combine soil education
with ecological issues. Rusty soils can be seen as optimal choice for these activities. These soils could
be an perfect type to increase public awareness of soils at all but especially with regard to common
soils important to our local environment.
The pivotal role of soil as a resource is not fully appreciated by the general public. Improving education in soil science represents a challenge in a world where soil resources are under serious threat. Today’s high school students, the... more
The pivotal role of soil as a resource is not fully appreciated by the general public. Improving education in soil
science represents a challenge in a world where soil resources are under serious threat. Today’s high school
students, the world’s future landowners, agriculturalists, and decision makers, have the potential to change
society’s apathy towards soils issues. This research aimed to compare the level of soil education in high and/or
secondary schools in forty-three countries worldwide, together comprising 62% of the world’s population.
Comparisons were made between soil science content discussed in educationally appropriate textbooks via a
newly proposed soil information coefficient (SIC). Interviews with teachers were undertaken to better understand
how soil science education is implemented in the classroom. Statistical analyses were investigated using clustering.
Results showed that gaps in soil science education were most commonly observed in countries where soil
science is a non-compulsory or optional subject. Soil science concepts are predominantly a part of geography or
environmental science curricula. Consequently, considerable variability in soil science education systems among
investigated countries exists. Soil information coefficient‘s outcomes demonstrated that a methodological
approach combining textbooks and the use of modern digitally based strategies in the educational process
significantly improved soil education performances. Overall, soil science education is under-represented in
schools worldwide. Dynamic new approaches are needed to improve pivotal issues such as: i) promoting collaborations
and agreements between high school and universities; ii) encouraging workshops and practical exercises
such as field activities; and, iii) implementing technology tools. This, in turn, will prepare the next
generation to contribute meaningfully towards solving present and future soil problems.
Alluvial soils cover about 5% territory of Poland and they are an important part of the environment of fl oodplains and river valleys. These soils have long been studied by soil scientists around the world. The high school students also... more
Alluvial soils cover about 5% territory of Poland and they are an important part of the environment of fl oodplains and river valleys. These soils have long been studied by soil scientists around the world. The high school students also have a relatively high knowledge of them in comparison with other soil types. Information about them is readily available in textbooks and on the internet. Is this enough to make alluvial soils the driving force behind efforts to popularize soil science? The aim of this paper is to diagnose the state of knowledge about these soils among high school students of Kuyavian-Pomeranian region as well as the assessment of their suitability in the soil awareness raising. Querying geography textbooks and internet sources as well as a survey method were used as the main research methods. Information on alluvial soils is commonly found in geography textbooks and websites. The awareness of soil distribution within Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodship is the highest for alluvial soils among all studied types of soils. Respondents correctly assess the value of these soils and can identify ways to increase soil awareness among the public. Among the respondents there is a conviction that there is a need for changes in soil science education, especially in the fi eld of extracurricular activities. Suggestions for such activities are included in this publication. The Year of Alluvial Soils is a good opportunity to introduce new solutions in the popularization of soil science on a regional and national scale.
North Macedonia, the country located in the middle of the Balkan Peninsula, is known for its wine-growing culture, and is divided into three wine regions with around 80 operating wineries. It is also surrounded by countries where vines... more
North Macedonia, the country located in the middle of the Balkan Peninsula, is known for its wine-growing culture, and is divided into three wine regions with around 80 operating wineries. It is also surrounded by countries where vines have been grown and wine produced since the ancient times. The paper presents the history of North Macedonia as a wine-growing country, and provides an overview of its enotourism offer. An inventory of winery offers based on their official websites and Facebook profiles was performed, including the analysis of the surveys conducted among enotourists. Said surveys targeted participants of the Tikveški Grozdober festival in particular. It should also be mentioned that several of them were completed by Macedonian residents. The survey results outline a socio-demographic profile of the enotourists coming to this country and their enotouristic experience. The article sheds light on the history of winemaking and presents wine regions in North Macedonia
It was time to take stock. We modified the humipedon classification key published in 2018 to make it easier and more practical. This morpho-functional taxonomy of the topsoil (humipedon) was only available in English; we also translated... more
It was time to take stock. We modified the humipedon classification key published in 2018 to make it easier and more practical. This morpho-functional taxonomy of the topsoil (humipedon) was only available in English; we also translated it into French and Italian. A standardized morpho-functional classification of humipedons (roughly the top 30–40 cm of soil: organic and organomineral surface horizons) would allow for a better understanding of the functioning of the soil ecosystem. This paper provides the founding principles of the classification of humipedon into humus systems and forms. With the recognition of a few diagnostic horizons, all humus systems can be determined. The humus forms that make up these humus systems are revealed by measuring the thicknesses of the diagnostic horizons. In the final part of the article, several figures represent the screenshots of a mobile phone or tablet application that allows for a fast recall of the diagnostic elements of the classification...
Today, discussion on culinary events in the context of branded tourist products is gaining increasing momentum, and more attention is drawn to the concept of branding as such. Said concept allows for establishing and maintaining a... more
Today, discussion on culinary events in the context of branded tourist products is gaining increasing momentum, and more attention is drawn to the concept of branding as such. Said concept allows for establishing and maintaining a positive image of a particular brand, as well as impacts the extent to which a given product is recognized. The article aims to shed light on event brands and analyse the recognizability of individual culinary experiences organized in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodship from the point of view of this region’s inhabitants. The analysis was based on data obtained via a diagnostic survey conducted among randomly encountered persons (N=660). 178 respondents (27.0%) declared they have taken part in culinary events. The respondents indicated a total of 19 events1, with Beergoszcz Beer Festival and Toruń Gingerbread Festival being most frequently mentioned (30%), followed by Kujawsko-Pomorski Goose Festival in Strzelce Dolne and Toruń Beer Festival, which were poin...
The objective of this paper is to outline a sketch profile of a young Polish cultural tourist based on an empirical quantitative study, which involved a group of students of Nicholaus Copernicus University in Toruń (UMK). A total of 1,139... more
The objective of this paper is to outline a sketch profile of a young Polish cultural tourist based on an empirical quantitative study, which involved a group of students of Nicholaus Copernicus University in Toruń (UMK). A total of 1,139 surveys were obtained from three different departments. The profile exhibits preferences, motivations, traits, and behaviours of a cultural tourist. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to compare the attained profile of a student from Toruń with the profile of a student from Poznań already presented by Buczkowska in 2014. The comparison of these two profiles seeks to establish similarities and differences in attitudes, preferences, and behaviours of young adults (tourists) studying in different cities. The study may later be extended to other social environments. The research indicated a considerable similarity in behaviours and preferences of both surveyed groups, which could lead to a conclusion that Polish students as a social group exhibit tr...

And 178 more

Soil Sequences Atlas III is a continuation of two earlier volumes published in 2014 and 2018. As in the previous studies, the variability of soil cover is presented in the form of soil sequences characteristic of particular types of... more
Soil Sequences Atlas III is a continuation of two earlier volumes published in 2014 and 2018. As in the previous studies, the variability of soil cover is presented in the form of soil sequences characteristic of particular types of landscapes. Each of the chapters contains a general description of the environment (lithology, topography, land use, climate), a set of soil data (soil profile photo, description of morphology, laboratory data) and their interpretation in terms of the pedogenesis and systematic position according to the WRB (2015) system. The “catenary approach” (expressed in the form of individual figures) helps to better understand the relationships between individual components of the environment and soils. Chapters are arranged roughly according to the main soil-forming process in sequences and referring to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources except for Technosols, which as “unnatural” soils are placed at the end of the book. At the beginning of the book, two landscapes dominated by Gleysols and gleyic processes were described – tidal flats in Germany and the flood plain of the Vistula River in Poland. Next, the mountain areas with Andosols (Slovakia), Lithosols and Podzols (Poland) were presented. The issue of the environment with the dominant podsolization process was continued in the subsequent chapters from Lithuania and Russia. Chapters 8 and 9 are related to Hungarian and Ukrainian soils with a pronounced accumulation of humus in epipedons (Chernozems, Umbrisols, Phaeozems). The book ends with a section on issues related to clay-illuviated (Luvisols), coarse textured (Arenosols) and technogenic (Technosols) soils in Poland, Estonia and Czechia. Sixteen Reference Soil Groups are featured, and represented by 61 soil profiles in total. One of the objectives of the Soil Sequences Atlas is to explain the relationships (predictable to some extent) between the landscape and soil cover. The collected data are intended to be a useful educational tool in the teaching of soil science, supporting the understanding of the causes of soil cover variability, and also as a WRB classification guideline. They are intended to be useful not only to students but also practitioners in agriculture, forestry, environmental protection and landscape planning. The Atlas was developed as part of the EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil).
The significant spatial variability of the soil cover results from the differentaial impact of individual soil-forming factors. In this book the pedo-variability is presented in form of soil sequences which are characteristic for... more
The significant spatial variability of the soil cover results from the differentaial impact of individual soil-forming factors. In this book the pedo-variability is presented in form of soil sequences which are characteristic for particular types of landscapes. The fourth part of Soil Sequences Atlas contains description of 75 pedons (with soil profile photo, description of morphology, laboratory data) grouped in 15 chapters representing different environmental settings specific for Central or East Europe and Caucasia. The Atlas begins with the presentation of a pedo-landscape dominated by alluvial and gleying processes (Vistula River delta in Poland). The next is a group of chapters devoted to mountainous regions with compilation of different soil-formin processes, e.g. podzoliztion (Karkonosze Mts., Poland) or accumulation of humus (Trialeti Range, Georgia). The second part of book is focused on issues related to slope processes in different landscapes - from karst sinkholes in the Pre-Ural forest-steppe (Russia), throughout loess plateaus (Hungary, Belarus) and glacial morainic plateaus (Latvia, Lithuania, Poland) to the areas with glacial curvilineations or covered by outwash plains (Poland). The collected data is intended as a useful educational tool in teaching soil science, supporting understanding of the reasons for the variability of soil cover, and also as a WRB classification guideline. It is intended to be useful not only for students but also by practitioners in agriculture, forestry, environmental protection and landscape planning. The Atlas was developed as part of the EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil).
Soil investigation may be carried out on various levels of knowledge, research capacity and proficiency. Scientists commonly apply advanced methodology for soil resources inventory, including the professional terminology for landscape and... more
Soil investigation may be carried out on various levels of knowledge, research capacity and proficiency. Scientists commonly apply advanced methodology for soil resources inventory, including the professional terminology for landscape and soil description, data acquisition and processing, soil classification and mapping, soil and land evaluation. By default, an internationally accepted system should be recommended. An implementation of such methodology is also recommended in more advanced courses of soil science studies on bachelor and master study levels. However, the long-term teaching experience reveals difficulties connected mainly with complicated terminology and excessive number of characteristics obligatory to know, and justifies some simplification of the language, rules and structure at the introductory stage of teaching. This was the base and rationale for the preparation of simplified Guidelines for Soil Description and Classification: Central and Eastern European Students’ Version.
This book is divided into three parts. The first one – Site and soil description - follows the layout and content of professional edition of Guidelines for Soil Description, 4th ed., published by FAO (2006), simplified for educational purposes. The order of description has been modified to correspond to the layout of an original Soil description sheet. The second part - Soil classification - is a simplified WRB classification (based on a 2014/2015 edition) limited to reference soil groups known from Central Europe. The third part is an Illustrated explanatory guide that includes: i) examples of typical soil profiles for all Central European Reference Soil Groups; ii) morphological features important for soil description and identification in the field; iii) soil- landscape relationships. The photos have been enriched with graphical tips helpful at the recognizing of important soil features.
The textbook was developed in the framework of EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil) aiming to facilitate the knowledge and implementation of an international rules of soil characterization adopted by the FAO. It will be used to unify the presentation of soil data collected in the partner countries. The interpretation of soil data fully based on the international soil classification WRB (World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2015) as WRB was endorsed by the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) and accepted by the European Commission as an official system for the European Union. Therefore, this guideline might be a starting point for preparation of basic teaching materials to spread the knowledge on an internationally recommended rules and terminology for soil description and classification. However, this guideline is designed as teaching tool for students in Central and Eastern European countries and therefore it may not be applicable worldwide. Moreover, it is suited for the “first step” training, and it is not substituting any professional original classification.
Authors of this guidebook assume that the users are familiar with the basic knowledge in soil science. Therefore, the guidelines do not contain explanations related to basic soil forming factors, soil forming processes and basic physico-chemical features.
Informations about book Soils within Cities here:
https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/
In section: Publications
Research Interests:
Chapter from Soils within Cities. Informations about book Soils within Cities here:
https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/
In section: Publications
Research Interests:
Informations about book Soils within Cities here:
https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/
In section: Publications
Research Interests:
The course is dedicated for environment and geo- oriented study programmes e.g. environmental protection, geography, agriculture, forestry and on both, 1st or 2nd study levels (depending on the programme concept and educational solutions... more
The course is dedicated for environment and geo- oriented study programmes e.g. environmental protection, geography, agriculture, forestry and on both, 1st or 2nd study levels (depending on the programme concept and educational solutions at particular higher education institution). It consists asa set of lectures, tutorials and fieldwork (together 45 teaching hours, 4 ECTS credits). Among the most important didactical tools suggested in the curriculum are FACES-derived database and Soil Sequences Atlases, since there is no other published course books based on WRB 2014 version. Participation in the proposed course leads to the following learning outcomes: knowledge: a) to know the rationale, concept, structure and nomenclature of FAO-WRB system; b) to know criteria of soil units distinguishing. skills: c) to enable students to characterise and classify soils in the field using WRB system; d) to enable students to apply the laboratory analysis in the soil classification according to WRB manual e) to compare the national soil classification systems with WRB classification, f) to work out the correlation between particular taxonomies and WRB; social competencies: a) to understand the necessity of self-study, b) to understand the need of integration of soil classification systems on European level. Curriculum/Syllabus was elaborate by FACES project consortium (https://sites.google.com/site/centraleuropesoils/) and supported by Erasmus+ programme of European Union.
Research Interests:
Please find below the first SUITMA Newsletter. It was prepared based on the suggestions given during SUITMA 10 General Assembly. We hope You will find it interesting. We need, however, Your help in preparation of the following issues.... more
Please find below the first SUITMA Newsletter. It was prepared based on the suggestions given during SUITMA 10 General Assembly. We hope You will find it interesting. We need, however, Your help in preparation of the following issues. Please send to us any information you would like to share with SUITMA Family - info about upcoming events, new books (in national languages too), and reports etc.
Follow also SUITMA web site: https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/
Dear members of SUITMA family, Please find below the first SUITMA Newsletter. It was prepared based on the suggestions given during SUITMA 10 General Assembly. We hope You will find it interesting. We need, however, Your help in... more
Dear members of SUITMA family,

Please find below the first SUITMA Newsletter. It was prepared based on the suggestions given during SUITMA 10 General Assembly. We hope You will find it interesting. We need, however, Your help in preparation of the following issues. Please send to us any information you would like to share with SUITMA Family - info about upcoming events, new books (in national languages too), and reports etc.
Follow also SUITMA web site: https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/
We would like to invite You to contribute a chapter to a 5th volume of series of Soil Sequences Atlases we are co-editing, and which we are planning to publish in 2021.
Pielgrzymowanie do miejsc świętych od zawsze stanowiło istotny element w różnych religiach świata – wyznawcy chrześcijaństwa, islamu, hinduizmu i buddyzmu corocznie pielgrzymują do najważniejszych miejsc kultu swojej wiary. Podróż taka... more
Pielgrzymowanie do miejsc świętych od zawsze stanowiło istotny element w różnych religiach świata – wyznawcy chrześcijaństwa, islamu, hinduizmu i buddyzmu corocznie pielgrzymują do najważniejszych miejsc kultu swojej wiary. Podróż taka jest wyrazem tęsknoty za wartościami duchowymi, manifestacją przynależności do wspólnoty religijnej, potrzebą przemiany moralnej i pragnieniem obcowania z sacrum. Celem pielgrzymki jest zatem modlitwa, spełnienie określonych rytuałów, wiara w siły nadprzyrodzone, a także poszukiwanie pokoju, radości, miłości i nadziei. Podróży tej towarzyszy głębokie przeżywanie i kontemplowanie, chęć dotknięcia świętości, spotkania z Bogiem, spotkania innego człowieka czy też siebie samego. Ośrodki kultu religijnego, zarówno te o znaczeniu światowym jak i lokalnym, rozwijały się przez wieki, otaczały szczególną troską sferę sacrum, ale i pątników. Wokół strefy sacrum budowano domy pielgrzyma, przybywały miejsca gościnne, rozwijano infrastrukturę służącą obsłudze pielgrzymów – przestrzeń ta z biegiem lat się rozrastała, wypełniała i komercjalizowała.
Ruch pielgrzymkowy stanowi istotę turystyki religijnej, ale jak wykazują badania, bardzo duże znaczenie ma również turystyka religijna – poznawcza. Turystyka religijna jako całość stanowi część ruchu turystycznego, a więc cechuje ją dobrowolność i czasowość „bycia w drodze”. W przypadku ruchu pątniczego najważniejsza dla pielgrzymującego jest sfera sacrum, natomiast w przypadku turystyki religijnej – poznawczej równie ważne są obiekty sakralne, ich wartości historyczne, artystyczne i symboliczne. Pielgrzymi i turyści wybierają przeróżne kierunki swoich podróży, różne sposoby podróżowania, towarzyszą im różne motywy, które bywają bardzo osobiste i mocno zindywidualizowane. Motyw religijny jest więc uznawany w podróżach do miejsc świętych za najstarszy, jednak z czasem istotne stały się także elementy poznawcze, przyjemność samego wędrowania i zaspokajanie ciekawości. W ten sposób w pielgrzymowaniu pojawiły się cele komercyjne, co obecnie często wywołuje sprzeciw w kręgach kościelnych. Warto jednak podkreślić, że przestrzeń turystyki religijnej należy do najbardziej rozwiniętych przestrzeni turystycznych na świecie, a sama turystyka religijna jest „osią” szeroko pojętej turystyki kulturowej. Ośrodki pielgrzymkowe i centra religijne kształtują bowiem współczesny krajobraz kulturowy regionów. Ich rozwój przekłada się na zwiększenie ruchu turystycznego, ponieważ zaczynają stanowić istotną atrakcję turystyczną. Tym samym dochodzi do łączenia strefy sacrum ze strefą profanum, a pielgrzymowanie przyjmuje dwojaki charakter – z jednej strony jest aktem stricte religijnym, z drugiej – wędrówką o charakterze religijno-poznawczym. W ten sposób peregrynacje stają się zjawiskiem turystycznym, jednak nadal nadrzędnym ich celem jest motyw duchowy, a inne rodzaje aktywności (np. zwiedzanie) oraz korzystanie z dostępnej w danym miejscu infrastruktury turystycznej stanowią jedynie element dodatkowy podróży do miejsc świętych.
Istotnym aspektem turystyki religijnej jest dziedzictwo kulturowe miejsc świętych, stanowiące fundament odbywanych do nich podróży ze względu na swoją wartość historyczną czy architektoniczną. Zróżnicowanie dziedzictwa jest w tym przypadku bardzo duże – od wielkich centrów religijnych, takich jak: Rzym, Jerozolima, Santiago de Compostela, Lourdes, Fatima czy Częstochowa, po niewielkie ośrodki sakralne i tak zwaną małą architekturę, stanowiącą nierozerwalny element krajobrazu kulturowego wielu regionów (przydrożne kapliczki, figury i krzyże oraz wiejskie cmentarze). Obiekty te są wyrazem religijności mieszkańców, niemymi świadkami historii regionu. Opierając się na lokalnym dziedzictwie religijnym i wielowiekowych tradycjach, miejsca te wykształciły swoje własne przestrzenie sakralne, będąc jednocześnie nierozerwalnie związanymi z tożsamością mieszkańców oraz odrębnością etnograficzną i historyczną regionów. To właśnie walory obiektów sakralnych stanowią często istotę turystyki kulturowej, której podstawą jest kontakt z materialnym i niematerialnym dziedzictwem danego regionu. Ich wartości religijne, architektoniczne, zbiory sztuki oraz wielowiekowa historia przyczyniają się do rozwoju ruchu turystycznego.
Do rąk czytelników oddajemy kolejną już publikację z serii „Kultura i Turystyka,” tym razem pod tytułem Sacrum i profanum. Jest w niej mowa o sferze świętości, w której koncentrują się wierzenia, obrzędy i praktyki religijne oraz o przeciwstawnej do niej sferze świeckości, gdzie odbywają się wszystkie inne wydarzenia związane z funkcjonowaniem sacrum. Teoretycznie sfery te można oddzielić od siebie, ale one najczęściej się przenikają. Potwierdzają to prezentowane opracowania, w których wszystkie wspomniane powyżej aspekty pielgrzymowania znajdują swoje odzwierciedlenie. Poruszone zostały w nich zarówno zagadnienia związane z pielgrzymowaniem do miejsc świętych, jak i zjawiska odnoszące się do rozwoju turystyki religijnej na świecie, w tym dotyczące kształtowania się współczesnej przestrzeni turystyki religijnej. Duża grupa prac poświęcona jest dziedzictwu sakralnemu. Interesujące są w tym przypadku także studia nad dziedzictwem związanym z kulturą ludową. Autorzy reprezentujący różne dziedziny nauki poruszyli w swoich opracowaniach zarówno kwestie globalne, jak i odnoszące się do zagadnień, miejsc i produktów lokalnych. Zamieszczone w tomie prace mogą więc w bardzo różnym zakresie zaspokoić zainteresowania czytelników. Mamy nadzieję, że zapoznanie się z nimi w znacznym stopniu przyczyni się do zgłębienia wiedzy dotyczącej pielgrzymowania i turystyki religijnej, a także pozwoli czytelnikowi zdefiniować aktualne we współczesnym świecie zjawiska przemian zachodzących w przestrzeni geograficznej w aspekcie ich rozwoju.
Życzymy satysfakcjonującej lektury,
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