Relative Growth Rate

Growth and osmotic potential of calli induced from leaf- and root-derived tissues of six tepary bean lines (Phaseolus acutifolius) varying in drought resistance were assessed in vitro after polyethylene glycol-induced (10%, PEG-10,000) dehydration. Calli of resistant teparies were characterized by low initial osmotic potential (ψs) and relative growth rate (RGR) on medium lacking PEG (−0.30 MPa). However, calli of both resistant and sensitive lines were similar in dry matter percent (DM). Presence of PEG in the medium (−0.58 MPa) elevated DM in all teparies except one resistant line. Both leaf- and root-derived calli of sensitive teparies exhibited osmotic adjustment (OA) but reduced RGR that remained after rehydration in one line. We concluded that preexisting force of low cellular ψs rather than induced OA plays an important role in buffering adverse effects of dehydration and conditioning drought resistance of tepary beans. This information may aid Phaseolus breeders in screening for drought resistance among large number of accessions.

Various aspects of the water economy were investigated for a range of herbaceous species varying in relative growth rate. Plants were grown in a growth chamber with a non-limiting supply of water and nutrients, and the rate of transpiration, short-term intercellular CO2 concentration and long- term carbon isotope discrimination (∆) in the leaves were determined. No correlation was found between the relative growth rate of these species, and the transpiration rate per unit leaf area, the intercellular CO2 concentration and the 13 C-discrimination. There was a positive correlation, however, with the rate of water uptake per unit root weight. From these observations we infer that the previously observed differences in photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency, the rate of photosynthesis per unit leaf nitrogen, can not be explained by variation in intercellular CO2 concentration. These data were also used to analyse correlations between ∆ and both growth parameters and chemical composition...

Selenium-containing amino acids, selenocystine (CysSeSeCys), methylseleno-cysteine (MeSeCys), and selenomethionine (SeMet) have been examined for anti-hemolytic and peroxyl radical scavenging ability. Effect of these compounds on membrane lipid peroxidation, ...

The growth rate of literature on 'Information Literacy' during the period of 10 years i.e. (2008-2017) in which a total of 9496 research papers were published in the field of Information Literacy is analysed. A scientometric study is one of the most famous measurement tools to identify and find out the publications trends in the field of sciences. The study analysed and examined the different scientometric parameters i.e. year wise distributions of publications, annual growth rate, compound annual growth rate, relative growth rate and doubling time, most productive authors, geographical distributions and found that the maximum 1234 (12.99 %) were published in 2016, 25.679 per cent annual growth rate was recorded in the year 2010 and the maximum 10.212 per cent CAGR recorded in 2009. The maximum RGR 0.795 and Dt. 5.824 were recorded in 2009 and 2017, respectively. The most prolific authors were Wolf, M.S with 65 publication, followed by 31 publication by Pinto, M. The maximum citations were recorded in the 2010 i.e. 14298, followed by 13594 citation in 2011. The maximum 5770 of contributions were published by the United States, followed by the United Kingdom with 1028 contribution.

We analyzed the social structure, sexual dimorphism and relative growth in the burrowing shrimp Callichirus seilacheri from the tropical eastern Pacific. To this end, 456 individuals of C. seilacheri were collected during monthly sampling from December 2011 to November 2012. No shrimp pairs or burrows inhabited by more than one shrimp were detected during the study period. Males were significantly smaller than females, denoting sexual dimorphism with respect to body size. In many juvenile males and females, the size of the right and left claws was the same, whereas in others the largest cheliped was located on the right or left
side. Analysis of allometric growth between cheliped carpus length and cephalothorax length revealed an isometric relationship in juveniles of both sexes and adult females and positive allometric growth in adult males. The adjustment of the above relationship by the Somerton’s method, denoted the existence of two main phases of growth related to sexual maturity, with transition points between juvenile and adult phase at 12.3 mm and 12.0 mm of body size for males and females, respectively. The observations on social structure, sexual dimorphism and relative growth of C. seilacheri argued that this species is polygamous. Furthermore, the high frequency of solitary females found brooding embryos suggested that males might roam among galleries in search of receptive females.

Mimosa, Mimosa pigra L., was first reported in Sri Lanka in 1997. The species is mainly confined to the central and north-western provinces of Sri Lanka. The plant has colonised along the river banks of the Mahaweli River, which is the main supplier of irrigation water to the agriculture-dominant dry zone of the country. Use of river sand for construction

The plant development from a single cell to the mature plant consists of pattern formation, morphogenesis, growth and differentiation. The capacity for growth and development originates from the embryonic tissue regions concerned with the formation of new cells. These regions are called meristems and are composed of stem cells. The stem cells are undifferentiated and have the ability for cell division indefinitely. Growth refers to the irreversible changes in the size of a cell, organ or whole plant. It involves both the cell division and enlargement. The plant growth can be visualized in terms of increase in length or plant height, stem diameter, volume of tissue, increase in cell numbers, increase in fresh weight and dry weight, increase in leaf area, leaf weight etc. Plant growth analysis is required to explain the differences in plant growth in terms of differences between species growing under same environmental condition or differences within a species growing in different environments.

An experiment with four potato varieties, namely Asterix, Cardinal, Diamant and Granola was conducted at the Horticulture Research Field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during November 2013 to February 2014 to observe the behaviour of growth parameters and yield potentiality of potato. Final harvest of tuber was done at 90 DAP. LAI, CGR, RGR and NAR were not significantly influenced by the varieties. Irrespective of varieties, LAI increased progressively with time reaching a peak at 60 DAP and thereafter declined. Granola maintained the lower LAI throughout all growth stages. Numerically, the maximum CGR (19.99 g m-2 day-1) was found in Asterix at 50-60 DAP and the highest RGR (107.33 mg g-1 day-1) as well as NAR (9.54 g m-2 day-1) was recorded in Cardinal at 30-40 DAP. At 60-70 DAP, Cardinal recorded the highest TBR (84.35 g m-2 day-1) while Asterix, the highest TGR (18.54 g m-2 day-1) but Granola gave the lowest values of TBR (65.21 g m-2 day-1) and TGR (14.92 g m-2 day-1) at this growth stage. At all growth stages except 30 and 40 DAP, Diamant showed the best performance in SLA while Granola showed the lowest. The maximum yield was produced by Asterix (31.46 t/ha) closely followed by Diamant (29.91 t/ha) and Cardinal (27.27 t/ha) while the lowest yield was produced by Granola (24.82 t/ha). Granola showed the capacity of producing 95% or more of its final yield within 60 to 70 DAP. Therefore, Granola can be used as an early variety for potato cultivation.

A field experiment was carried out to analyse the growth of lettuce, onion and red beet in terms of: (a) canopy architecture, radiation interception and absorption; (b) efficiency of conversion of absorbed radiation into biomass; and (c) dry matter partitioning. Growth analysis, total solar radiation interception, PAR interception and absorption by the crop canopy, ground cover, maintenance respiration of onion bulbs and red beet storage roots were measured. Models for different leaf angle distribution and ground cover were used to simulate light transmission by the crop canopy.The three crops are shown to have contrasting growth patterns from both a morphological and a physiological point of view. Lettuce showed very high light interception and growth after the early growth stages but, throughout the growth cycle, this leafy crop showed the lowest radiation use efficiency due to the respirational cost of the high leaf area. Onion showed a lower early relative growth rate than lettu...

A kinetic study for measuring the relative rate of the catalytic epoxidation of various alkenes has been employed based upon the disappearance of the 1,4-diphenylbutadiene. Iron(III) phthalocyanine chloride as catalyst, imidazole as cocatalyst, iodosylbenzene as oxygen donor and a mixture of dichloromethane, methanol, water (80:18:2) as solvent, were used for achieving to a homogeneous system. Effects of nitrogen donor bases

Declining soil fertility is one of the main causes of low yields of maize. Farmers apply low rates of unbalanced nutrients leading to further nutrient mining. A randomized complete block nutrient omission trial with six replications was therefore set to determine maize response to the application of a wide range of nutrients from inorganic fertilizers on Ferralsols. The treatments were NK, NP, PK, NPK, and NPK + CaMgZnBS. The results showed that application of PK fertilizer resulted in low crop growth rate (CGR), and relative growth rate (RGR), and biomass compared to other treatments. Application of a wider range of nutrients (NPK + CaMgZnBS treatment) improved maize growth and yield compared to other treatments. In terms of grain response, Urea application recorded the highest yield (1800 kg/ha) followed by Triple Superphosphate (1300 kg/ha) then Muriate of potash (1100 kg/ha) and least by a combined application of secondary nutrients and micronutrients (ZnBMgCaS = 400 kg/ha). Highest agronomic efficiency of 32.5 kg grain /kg P applied was recorded due to P followed by K (27.5 kg grain /kg K) and least by N (15 kg grain /kg N). Based on the combined effect, application of N-P-K based fertilizers could give better yields. Use of micronutrients should be assessed further for conclusive recommendations.

We tested the effect on epiphyte growth of a doubling of pre-industrial CO2 concentration (280 vs. 560 ppm) combined with two light (three fold) and two nutrition (ten fold) treatments under close to natural humid conditions in daylight growth cabinets over 6 months. Across co-treatments and six species, elevated CO2 increased relative growth rates by only 6% (p = 0.03). Although the three C3 species, on average, grew 60% faster than the three CAM species, the two groups did not significantly differ in their CO2 response. The two Orchidaceae, Bulbophyllum (CAM) and Oncidium (C3) showed no CO2 response, and three out of four Bromeliaceae showed a positive one: Aechmea (CAM, +32% p = 0.08), Catopsis (C3, +11% p = 0.01) and Vriesea (C3, +4% p = 0.02). In contrast, the representative of the species-rich genus Tillandsia (CAM), which grew very well under experimental conditions, showed no stimulation. On average, high light increased growth by 21% and high nutrients by 10%. Interactions between CO2, light and nutrient treatments (low vs. high) were inconsistent across species. CO2 responsive taxa such as Catopsis, could accelerate tropical forest dynamics and increase branch breakage, but overall, the responses to doubling CO2 of these epiphytes was relatively small and the responses were taxa specific.

The study presents a scientometric analsyis of publications related to 'Artificial Intelligence' research in India during 2009-2018. In today's ICT driven world, artificial intelligence has taken up some tasks of our daily life to make it easier. As a consequence, extensive research is going on "Artificial Intelligence" to find out it's potential in knowledge development. The paper analyses the bibliographic data retrived from Scopus database extracted with a suitable search query. The study was conducted taking the chronological growth of research publications, relative growth rate, doubling time, scientometric profile of authors, document type of publications, source profile, keyword analysis, institution wise distribution of publications, funding agency wise distribution. The analysis was conducted using the MS-Excel. The study reveals that a maximum number of publications are in the form of conference procedings and articles. Artificial Intelligence, Learning system, algorithms, data mining are the keywords with maximum number of occurences. The findings of the study implies India need become more competitive with the world leaders in artificial intelligence research. To get more return from AI applications, the stakeholders are required to play a catalytic role to build and strengthen research capacity in the nation by paving quality research environment, adequate funding, research incentives, and development of IT infrastructure.

As competition for the limited water supply available for irrigation of horticultural crops increases, research into crop management practices that enhance drought resistance, plant water-use efficiency and plant growth when water supply is limited has become increasingly essential. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of potassium (K) nutritional status on the drought resistance of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv.

The effects of the addition of a slow pyrolysis biochar
(produced from olive-tree prunings) to a vertisol were studied in
a field experiment during one wheat (Triticum durum L.) growing
season. The biochar addition did not significantly affect soil
parameters such as pH, dissolved organic C and N, ammonium,
nitrate or microbial biomass N. By contrast, biochar addition
decreased soil compaction and increased the soil water-retention
capacity and nutrient content (total N and the available contents
of P, K, Mg, Cu and Zn). These favourable changes led to an
increase in fine root proliferation (increasing specific root length
and reducing root tissue density) and promoted crop development.
As a result, the plants in biochar-treated plots showed
higher relative growth and net assimilation rates, aboveground
biomass and yield than those in control plots. Neither grain
quality nor nutrient content were significantly affected by biochar
addition. Our results suggest that the use of biochar as a soil amendment in agricultural soils can improve soil physical properties
and increase fertility, favouring crop development under
semiarid Mediterranean conditions.

The kinetics of iron electrodeposition from acid sulphate solutions onto a platinum electrode was investigated by means of stationary polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Together with interfacial pH data previously obtained, the effect of pH was analysed. The formation of at least three adsorbed intermediates at the cathode surface was evidenced in all pH values. The relative rate of