Workforce

The authors analyze the major implications of Maine's aging population on the state's workforce and economy. They note that there are steps that can be taken to partially mitigate the negative impacts and capitalize on the opportunities associated with an aging population.

Background: The World Health Organization adopted the Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health Workforce 2030 in May 2016. It sets specific milestones for improving health workforce planning in member countries, such as developing a health workforce registry by 2020 and ensuring workforce self-sufficiency by halving dependency on foreign-trained health professionals. Canada falls short in achieving these milestones due to the absence of such a registry and a poor understanding of immigrants in the health workforce, particularly nursing and healthcare support occupations. This paper provides a multiscale (Canada, Ontario, and Ontario’s Local Health Integration Networks) overview of immigrant participation in nursing and health care support occupations, discusses associated enumeration challenges, and the implications for health workforce planning focusing on immigrants.Methods: Descriptive data analysis was performed on Canadian Institute for Health Information dataset for 2010 ...

In a context of marketisation and the growth of academic capitalism, universities are theorised to have become sites of contestation where the de-professionalisation of the academic profession has been envisaged as a possible outcome. Empirical examination based on interviews with staff from four disparate universities, reveals these struggles to be more accurately described as contests between the new professional managers and the established academic profession over control of the conditions of academic work, the production and dissemination of expert knowledge and the worksite itself. Pierre Bourdieu’s inter-linked concepts of capital, habitus and the field are employed to reveal the nature of this contestation, revealing a dynamic process in which academics innovatively respond to threats to reduce their autonomy, to increased levels of surveillance and a variety of constraints on practice. Bourdieu’s conceptual schema is then developed to focus on the way actors within the sector, through acts of both conformity and resistance, contribute collectively to the creation and growth of academic capitalism.

In the last fifteen years, the acceleration of technology and information has been accelerating from year to year. Along with the ongoing digitalization, which brings different problems, issues that often arise regarding the preparation of the current workforce are moving towards further education. In this preparation, pragmatic and hypothetical information can emerge from various containers, mean and channels, whether formal or causal. In addition, it is very difficult to evaluate the level of information skills that students acquire in order to increase their chances of finding jobs in the future. This, along with the need to oversee general education programs, the issue of certainty when approving these files and distinguishing them from original information, and so on, implies that administration in further education needs new, progressive instruments. This work assesses the advantages of blockchain innovation (or delivered notes) and supports a decentralized certainty model for...

This research paper explores the issue of gender discrimination in workforce and its impact on the satisfaction and motivation, commitment and enthusiasm and stress level of employees. Close ended questionnaire was administered from 526 males and females of lower, middle and higher category employees of public and private health and education departments of Hyderabad and Jamshoro districts. Gender discrimination in workforce was measured through independent samples-t test. The analysis shows that females were discriminated more than males in private organizations. Thus the findings show that females are discriminated more than males in private sector than in public sector. The impact of gender discrimination on satisfaction & motivation, commitment & enthusiasm and stress level was assessed through Pearson product moment correlation co-efficient. The results show that gender discrimination decreases satisfaction & motivation and commitment & enthusiasm level of employees, and increa...

Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP), a program by Jhpiego global, implemented maternal and newborn health project between 2006 and 2010 in Kano and Zamfara States, Nigeria. This was evaluated with an objective to characterize the effects of volunteer household counselors (VHCs) upon improving knowledge of birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) among pregnant women. VHCs were trained to educate women and their families at home about BPCR. Knowledge of BPCR was compared among 152 and 594 women who did and did not receive household counseling. Mothers' knowledge of BPCR among those who did and did not receive counseling was 32.2% and 11.2% respectively. Mothers who received counseling had better knowledge of BPCR compared to women who did not (Relative Risk [R.R.] 2.30, 95% [C.I.] 1.50, 3.51, P = 0.0001) in a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders. Mothers who received counseling had better odds of knowledge of dan...

Based on previous studies of the Reforms of the 18th century and to the proyectismo of this
era, this article deals with one such concrete project undertaken by the first intendant of Huancavelica,
with the aim of using convicts in that mine. The intendants responsible for the program of
reforms began local projects because of the regional diversity. One example is the epigonal project
of Fernando Márquez de la Plata. Considering this plan within a wider context will allow us to
understand its logic, as well as the changes that it experienced over time.

To determine family physicians' availability to their general practice patients after hours and to explore the characteristics and determinants of after-hours services. Secondary analysis of the 2001 National Family Physician Workforce Survey. Canada. Canadian family physicians and general practitioners currently in practice (n = 10,553). Provision of after-hours care, defined as providing care to all practice patients outside of normal office hours. Sixty-two percent of Canadian family physicians reported providing after-hours service. The lowest rates were found in Quebec (34%) and the highest in Alberta and Saskatchewan (88%). Respondents practising in academic and community clinics, offering selective medical services (emergency care, palliative care, housecalls, after-hours care), or living outside of Ontario or Quebec were more likely to provide after-hours care. Women physicians, those practising in walk-in clinics, or physicians primarily paid by fee-for-service were les...

In the modern epoch, under the diversity of the workforce, management needs to be able to improve the competencies of the management level that form and shape a comprehensive government contingency on cultural changes and diversity. It is not surprising if we critically look at people and process management in different countries, we find that in terms of the diversity of the workforce it is necessary to have a thorough knowledge of professional, religious and cultural variables affecting management functions and administrative decisions. In the modern world, a great deal of attention is paid to the professionalism of the employee and their emotional intellect, because the emotional mood of the employee is directly proportionate to the final result, employers are trying to make the working environment as much as possible on a wide variety of worforce. Emotional intellect, is the sort of summary of individual skills that shape the personality. Nowadays it is used in the selection pro...

Because of present day information technology, there is neither need to plant complicated computers for more millions price if we would like to process and store big amounts of data, nor modelling them. The microprocessors and CPUs produced nowadays by that kind of technology and calculating capacity could not have been imagined 10 years before. We can store, process and display more and more data. In addition to this level of data processing capacity, programs and applications using machine learning are also gaining ground. During machine learning, biologically inspired simulations are performed by using artificial neural networks to able to solve any kind of problems that can be solved by computers. The development of information technology is causing rapid and radical changes in technology, which require not only the digital adaptation of users, but also the adaptation of certain employment policy and labour market solutions. Artificial intelligence can fundamentally question ind...

Aim/Purpose: This study forms part of the World IT Project, which aims to gain a deeper understanding of individual, personal and organisational factors influencing IT staff in a modern, work environment. The project also aims to provide a global view that complements the traditional American/Western view. The purpose of this study is to investigate and report on some of these factors, in particular, the role that job satisfaction has in turnover intention (i.e., changing jobs within the IT industry) and turn-away intention (i.e., moving to another industry other than IT) in South Africa. Background: Several studies have reported on the importance of an employee’s job satisfaction to organisation success, and the various factors that influence it. Most studies on job satisfaction adopted a Westernised and not a global view. Very few empirical studies have been conducted on job satisfaction of IT workers in South Africa. This paper reports on the individual, personal and organisation...

Werden immer mehr Erwerbstätige zu Unternehmern ihrer eigenen Arbeitskraft? Und in welchen Arbeitsfeldern ist das vor allem der Fall? Die empirisch fundierten Beiträge dieses Bandes untersuchen diese viel diskutierten Fragen in einem breiten Spektrum von Erwerbsarbeit: typische Vorreitergruppen (z.B. Protagonisten der New Economy oder Erwerbstätige mit häufigen Arbeitsplatzwechseln) ebenso wie eher durch Einzelmaßnahmen geprägte Arbeitsbereiche (z.B. in neuen Formen von Teamarbeit oder bei flexibilisierten Arbeitszeitregelungen), aber auch unspezifisch betroffene oder von Prekarisierung bedrohte Erwerbstätige. Gemeinsamer Bezugspunkt aller Aufsätze in diesem Buch ist die Arbeitskraftunternehmer-These der Herausgeber, die pointiert eine neue Qualität der Anforderungen an Selbst-Kontrolle, Selbst-Ökonomisierung und Selbst-Rationalisierung hervorhebt. Zwar fallen – wie die Beiträge illustrieren – die subjektiven Bewältigungsstrategien sehr unterschiedlich aus, doch gleichen sich die Befunde dazu über verschiedene Erwerbsgruppen hinweg. Inkonsistenzen und Widersprüche zeugen von einem komplexen Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Arbeitskrafttypus und Subjektivität.

Introduction: Reorienting work practices to include health promotion and prevention is complex and requires specific strategies and interventions. This paper presents original research that used ‘real-world’ practice to demonstrate that knowledge gathered from practice is relevant for the development of practice-based evidence. The paper shows how practitioners can inform and influence improvements in health promotion practice. Practitioner-informed evidence necessarily incorporates qualitative research to capture the richness of their reflective experiences. Methods: Using a participatory action research (PAR) approach, the research question asked ‘what are the core dimensions of building health promotion capacity in a primary health care workforce in a real-world setting?’ PAR is a method in which the researcher operates in full collaboration with members of the organisation being studied for the purposes of achieving some kind of change, in this case to increase the amount of hea...

OBJECTIVE To relate hospitals' organizational structure as the core of a web of outsourced services and flexible employment bonds among healthcare professionals in the context of finance capitalism, analyzing work arrangements based mainly on the type of employment bond. METHOD Qualitative research through ethnography, interviews, data analysis, and case studies. The case studies were concentrated in 3 hospitals located in the São Paulo metropolitan region under different management types: public administration; outsourced administration via a healthcare social organization (HSO); and private administration. RESULTS This study highlights a trend in outsourcing, dismantling of steady jobs, and shaping working relations asymmetrically in terms of healthcare professions. CONCLUSION These aspects are characteristic of contemporary capitalism and post-Fordist work organization. In this context, the state under sponsorship cripples the very existence of an effective human resources po...

To identify how organizations prepare clinicians to work together to integrate behavioral health and primary care. Observational cross-case comparison study of 19 U.S. practices, 11 participating in Advancing Care Together, and 8 from the Integration Workforce Study. Practices varied in size, ownership, geographic location, and experience delivering integrated care. Multidisciplinary teams collected data (field notes from direct practice observations, semistructured interviews, and online diaries as reported by practice leaders) and then analyzed the data using a grounded theory approach. Organizations had difficulty finding clinicians possessing the skills and experience necessary for working in an integrated practice. Practices newer to integration underestimated the time and resources needed to train and organizationally socialize (onboard) new clinicians. Through trial and error, practices learned that clinicians needed relevant training to work effectively as integrated care te...

Background: The demand for rheumatology care has been steadily increasing over the last few years. However, supply seems to be insufficient, according to previous research1. This situation may be at least partly explained by less physicians beginning a rheumatology residency program2. Objectives: We aim to identify baseline data, room for change, and to strengthen functional processes associated with the rheumatology workforce in order to improve care offered to patients living with rheumatic diseases. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. We obtained data on each country through local PANLAR rheumatologists. They completed an online survey using the RedCap® platform, used for capture and storage of data. The sample was described according to the type of variable. Results: 19 Latin American countries were included in this study, globally 1 rheumatologist was available per 106,838 inhabitants. The highest rates were found in Uruguay (1 per 23.695 inhabitants) and Argentina (1 p...

The paper rethinks the role of sustainable human resource management practices in achieving corporate excellence, using the case of Oman, an emerging Arab Gulf economy currently pursuing an economic diversification strategy tagged Oman Vision 2040. The paper is based on the survey data collected from 212 workers and managers working in the nation’s capital city, Muscat, between December 2020 and February 2021. The respondents were randomly surveyed across Oman Vision 2040’s priority economic diversification agenda sectors: investment management, infrastructure, energy, banking, and telecommunication. The analysis includes 22 data points covering essential HRM practices, including recruitment, compensation, motivation, organisational training, and learning and development. The IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the data analysis. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing of Karl Pearson’s r correlation, emphasising the p-value < 0.01 interpreted to...

The purpose of undergraduate engineering education is to develop graduates who are capable of commencing professional engineering practice. Professional education should equip graduates with the skills, knowledge and attitudes required for their initial professional practice. It should also enable the capacity to continue the professional development required to refresh knowledge and skills as the graduates mature and the nature of professional engineering work develops. However, it is true that many graduates from professional engineering programs, either immediately or at some later time, pursue a career outside of professional engineering. The reasons for this are widely speculated upon, and are no doubt complex. In this regard, the professional engineering workforce, the undergraduate engineering education system, the links between them, and the occupational outcomes for engineering graduates in Australia are similar to many other developed nations. Using the latest Australian n...

In Nigeria, several challenges have been reported within the health sector, especially in training, funding, employment, and deployment of the health workforce. We aimed to review recent health workforce crises in the Nigerian health sector to identify key underlying causes and provide recommendations toward preventing and/or managing potential future crises in Nigeria. We conducted a scoping literature search of PubMed to identify studies on health workforce and health governance in Nigeria. A critical analysis, with extended commentary, on recent health workforce crises (2010-2016) and the health system in Nigeria was conducted. The Nigerian health system is relatively weak, and there is yet a coordinated response across the country. A number of health workforce crises have been reported in recent times due to several months' salaries owed, poor welfare, lack of appropriate health facilities and emerging factions among health workers. Poor administration and response across di...

This paper describes a project which investigates the human resource management practices that are being used in managing information professionals in ICT companies or ICT departments. The effectiveness of the practices is evaluated from individual and management perspectives. It is assumed that the nature of the contract between the IS professional and the organization influences the effectiveness of different practices. Thus, the notion of “best practice” is seen as context dependent. When writing the paper, the research was still in progress and no results can yet be given. After completing the study, practitioners can use the results to compare their own practices with those that were found to be effective in the nine case organizations. For researchers, the results will provide hypotheses about the relationship between HRM practices and job satisfaction of the IS professionals.

Different employees working in a similar organization may have a different experience-based perception of workforce diversity and management. When employees perceive discrimination, it adversely affects them psychologically and negatively affects their behavior, while perceiving equality reinforces a positive mindset towards other members and management, resulting in healthy work culture. This study investigates the association between perceived equality, affective commitment, and contextual performance. Further, the differences in perception of various genders were examined. The data were collected from (n = 385) employees working in various private organizations in India and were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The study’s novelty is that, unlike prior research, the study indicated a significant inverse relationship between perceived equality and contextual performance. Moreover, affective commitment mediated the positive rel...