Presents a comprehensive A-to-Z reference to the empire that once encompassed large parts of the modern-day Middle East, North Africa, and southeastern Europe.

A pioneering challenge to the orientalist perception of the Islamic city.

Bruce Masters's work surveys this period, emphasizing the cultural and social changes that occurred against the backdrop of the political realities that Arabs experienced as subjects of the Ottoman sultans.

This text compares the economic ideology of Western Europe and the Muslim Middle East in the early modern period in order to understand the reasons why the West came to dominate the Middle East economically.