2020, Número S2
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Rev Mex Traspl 2020; 9 (S2)
Afecci�n extrapulmonar en COVID-19. �Estamos ante la nueva y en�sima gran imitadora?
Rodr�guez-Armida M, Nava-Santana CA
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 31
Paginas: 167-172
Archivo PDF: 264.44 Kb.
RESUMEN
Desde que la enfermedad tuvo su primer reporte en Wuhan en diciembre de 2019, hasta su clasificaci�n como pandemia en marzo del presente a�o, se han ido esclareciendo los mecanismos de da�o tisular presentes en los pacientes con COVID-19. La afecci�n pulmonar ha sido extensamente caracterizada y el da�o a nivel histol�gico tiene relaci�n con el da�o citop�tico viral, pero tambi�n con la activaci�n inadecuada de inflamaci�n y sistema de coagulaci�n, entre otras cosas. El da�o citop�tico viral, de forma resumida, se ha relacionado con la interacci�n de la prote�na S (
spike) con la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 y la consiguiente apoptosis de las c�lulas epiteliales pulmonares. No obstante, COVID-19 ha demostrado capacidad para afectar virtualmente cualquier aparato y sistema de los pacientes afectados por esta enfermedad. Si bien algunas de las personas desarrollan afecci�n multiorg�nica como un evento asociado al estado cr�tico, informaci�n nueva nos ha ido demostrando que existen otro tipo de alteraciones relacionadas directamente con la enfermedad. La afecci�n renal, hep�tica, cardiaca, neurol�gica y dermatol�gica han sido apropiadamente descritas y algunas de ellas incluso se han asociado con peores desenlaces en los pacientes. A pesar de que no en todas ellas se ha demostrado que el da�o est� producido espec�ficamente por SARS-CoV-2, pone de manifiesto que se trata de una enfermedad multisist�mica.
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