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Monday, 29 October, 2001, 13:09 GMT
Milosevic Indictment: Text
The following is a summary of the indictment of President Slobodan Milosevic and other officials on war crimes charges relating to the war in Croatia and the Yugoslav province of Kosovo.

Use the links below to go to the specific charge you want to read.

For the full text of the indictment and accompanying documents at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, click here

Kosovo: Introduction I Djakovica I Gnjilane I Mitrovica I Orahovac I Pec I Pristina I Prizren I Srbica I
Suva Reka I Urosevac I Racak I
Bella Cerkva I Velika Krusha I Djakovica murders
I Crkolez I Izbica I Croatia: Introduction I Western Slavonia I Krajina I Vukovar I Slavonia, Baranja, Srem I Dubrovnik


Kosovo: Introduction

THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA

The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, pursuant to her authority under Article 18 of the Statute of the Tribunal, charges

  • SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC
  • MILAN MILUTINOVIC
  • NIKOLA SAINOVIC
  • DRAGOLJUB OJDANIC
  • VLAJKO STOJILJKOVIC

with CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY and VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OR CUSTOMS OF WAR as set forth below.

At all times relevant to this indictment, a state of armed conflict existed in Kosovo in the FRY.

All acts and omissions charged as crimes against humanity were part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against the Kosovo Albanian civilian population of Kosovo in the FRY.

Each of the accused is individually responsible for the crimes alleged against him in this indictment, pursuant to Article 7(1) of the Tribunal Statute. Individual criminal responsibility includes committing, planning, instigating, ordering or aiding and abetting in the planning, preparation or execution of any crimes referred to in Articles 2 to 5 of the Tribunal Statute.

COUNTS 1 - 4 CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OR CUSTOMS OF WAR

Beginning in January 1999 and continuing to the date of this indictment, Slobodan MILOSEVIC, Milan MILUTINOVIC, Nikola SAINOVIC, Dragoljub OJDANIC, and Vlajko STOJILJKOVIC planned, instigated, ordered, committed or otherwise aided and abetted in a campaign of terror and violence directed at Kosovo Albanian civilians living in Kosovo in the FRY. The campaign of terror and violence directed at the Kosovo Albanian population was executed by forces of the FRY and Serbia acting at the direction, with the encouragement, or with the support of Slobodan MILOSEVIC, Milan MILUTINOVIC, Nikola SAINOVIC, Dragoljub OJDANIC, and Vlajko STOJILJKOVIC.

The operations targeting the Kosovo Albanians were undertaken with the objective of removing a substantial portion of the Kosovo Albanian population from Kosovo in an effort to ensure continued Serbian control over the province.

To achieve this objective, the forces of the FRY and Serbia, acting in concert, have engaged in well-planned and co-ordinated operations as described in paragraphs 92 through 98 below.

The forces of the FRY and Serbia, have in a systematic manner, forcibly expelled and internally displaced hundreds of thousands of Kosovo Albanians from their homes across the entire province of Kosovo.

To facilitate these expulsions and displacements, the forces of the FRY and Serbia have intentionally created an atmosphere of fear and oppression through the use of force, threats of force, and acts of violence. Throughout Kosovo, the forces of the FRY and Serbia have looted and pillaged the personal and commercial property belonging to Kosovo Albanians forced from their homes.

Policemen, soldiers, and military officers have used wholesale searches, threats of force, and acts of violence to rob Kosovo Albanians of money and valuables, and in a systematic manner, authorities at FRY border posts have stolen personal vehicles and other property from Kosovo Albanians being deported from the province. Throughout Kosovo, the forces of the FRY and Serbia have engaged in a systematic campaign of destruction of property owned by Kosovo Albanian civilians.

This has been accomplished through the widespread shelling of towns and villages; the burning of homes, farms, and businesses; and the destruction of personal property.

As a result of these orchestrated actions, villages, towns, and entire regions have been made uninhabitable for Kosovo Albanians. Throughout Kosovo, the forces of the FRY and Serbia have harassed, humiliated, and degraded Kosovo Albanian civilians through physical and verbal abuse. Policemen, soldiers, and military officers have persistently subjected Kosovo Albanians to insults, racial slurs, degrading acts, beatings, and other forms of physical mistreatment based on their racial, religious, and political identification. Throughout Kosovo, the forces of the FRY and Serbia have systematically seized and destroyed the personal identity documents and licenses of vehicles belonging to Kosovo Albanian civilians.

As Kosovo Albanians have been forced from their homes and directed towards Kosovo's borders, they have been subjected to demands to surrender identity documents at selected points en route to border crossings and at border crossings into Albania and Macedonia.

These actions have been undertaken in order to erase any record of the deported Kosovo Albanians' presence in Kosovo and to deny them the right to return to their homes. Beginning on or about 1 January 1999 and continuing until the date of this indictment, the forces of the FRY and Serbia, acting at the direction, with the encouragement, or with the support of Slobodan MILOSEVIC, Milan MILUTINOVIC, Nikola SAINOVIC, Dragoljub OJDANIC, and Vlajko STOJILJKOVIC have perpetrated the actions set forth in paragraphs 92 through 96, which have resulted in the forced deportation of approximately 740,000 Kosovo Albanian civilians.

These actions have been undertaken in all areas of Kosovo, and these means and methods were used throughout the province, including the following municipalities:

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Djakovica

On or about 2 April 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia began forcing residents of the town of Djakovica/Gjakov� to leave.

Forces of the FRY and Serbia spread out through the town and went house to house ordering Kosovo Albanians from their homes.

In some instances, people were killed, and most persons were threatened with death. Many of the houses and shops belonging to Kosovo Albanians were set on fire, while those belonging to Serbs were protected. During the period from 2 to 4 April 1999, thousands of Kosovo Albanians living in Djakovica/Gjakov� and neighbouring villages joined a large convoy, either on foot or driving in cars, trucks and tractors, and moved to the border with Albania.

Forces of the FRY and Serbia directed those fleeing along pre-arranged routes, and at police checkpoints along the way most Kosovo Albanians had their identification papers and license plates seized.

In some instances, Yugoslav army trucks were used to transport persons to the border with Albania.

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Gnjilane

Forces of the FRY and Serbia entered the town of Prilepnica/P�rlepnic� on or about 6 April 1999, and ordered residents to leave saying that the town would be mined the next day. The townspeople left and tried to go to another village but were turned back by police.

On 13 April 1999, residents of Prilepnica/P� rlepnic� were again informed that the town had to be evacuated by the following day.

The next morning, the Kosovo Albanian residents left in a convoy of approximately 500 vehicles and headed to the Macedonian border. Shortly after the residents left, the houses in Prilepnica/P� rlepnic� were set on fire.

Kosovo Albanians in other villages in Gnjilane/Gjilan municipality were also forced from their homes, and were made to join another convoy to the Macedonian border.

Along the way, some men were taken from the convoy and killed along the road. When the Kosovo Albanians reached the border, their identification papers were confiscated.

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Mitrovica

In late March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia began moving systematically through the town of Kosovska Mitrovica/Mitrovic� .

They entered the homes of Kosovo Albanians and ordered the residents to leave their houses at once and to go to the bus station. Some houses were set on fire forcing the residents to flee to other parts of the town. Over a two week period the forces of the FRY and Serbia continued to expel the Kosovo Albanian residents of the town.

During this period, properties belonging to Kosovo Albanians were destroyed and Kosovo Albanians were robbed of money, vehicles, and other valuables.

A similar pattern was repeated in other villages in the Kosovska Mitrovica/Mitrovic� municipality, where Kosovo Albanians were forced from their homes, followed by the destruction of their villages by forces of the FRY and Serbia.

The Kosovo Albanian residents of the municipality were forced to join convoys going to the Albanian border.

En route to the border, Serb soldiers, policemen, and military officers robbed them of valuables and seized their identity documents.

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Orahovac

On the morning of 25 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded the village of Celine with tanks and armoured vehicles.

After shelling the village, troops entered the village and systematically looted and pillaged everything of value from the houses.

Most of the Kosovo Albanian villagers had fled to a nearby forest before the army and police arrived. On 28 March, a number of Serb police forced the thousands of people hiding in the forest to come out.

After marching the civilians to a nearby village, the men were separated from the women and were beaten, robbed, and had all of their identity documents taken from them. The men were then marched to Prizren and eventually forced to go to the Albanian border.

On 25 March 1999, a large group of Kosovo Albanians went to a mountain near the village of Nagafc, also in Orahovac/Rahovec municipality, seeking safety from attacks on nearby villages.

Forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded them and on the following day, ordered the 8,000 people who had sought shelter on the mountain to leave.

The Kosovo Albanians were forced to go to a nearby school and then they were forcibly dispersed into nearby villages. After three or four days, the forces of the FRY and Serbia entered the villages, went house to house and ordered people out. Eventually, they were forced back into houses and told not to leave.

Those who could not fit inside the houses were forced to stay in cars and tractors parked nearby. On 2 April 1999, the forces of the FRY and Serbia started shelling the villages, killing a number of people who had been sleeping in tractors and cars.

Those who survived headed for the Albanian border. As they passed through other Kosovo Albanian villages, which had been destroyed, they were taunted by Serb soldiers. When the villagers arrived at the border, all their identification papers were taken from them.

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Pec

On 27 and 28 March 1999, in the city of Pec/Pej� , forces of the FRY and Serbia went from house to house forcing Kosovo Albanians to leave.

Some houses were set on fire and a number of people were shot.

Soldiers and police were stationed along every street directing the Kosovo Albanians toward the town centre. Once the people reached the centre of town, those without cars or vehicles were forced to get on buses or trucks and were driven to the town of Prizren.

Outside Prizren, the Kosovo Albanians were forced to get off the buses and walk approximately 40 kilometres to the Albanian border where they were ordered to turn their identification papers over to Serb policemen.

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Pristina

On or about 1 April 1999, Serbian police went to the homes of Kosovo Albanians in the city of Pristina/Prishtin� and forced the residents to leave in a matter of minutes. During the course of these forced expulsions, a number of people were killed.

Many of those forced from their homes went directly to the train station, while others sought shelter in nearby neighbourhoods.

Hundreds of ethnic Albanians, guided by Serb police at all the intersections, gathered at the train station and then were loaded onto overcrowded trains or buses after a long wait where no food or water was provided. Those on the trains went as far as General Jankovic, a village near the Macedonian border.

During the train ride many people had their identification papers taken from them. After getting off the trains, the Kosovo Albanians were told by the Serb police to walk along the tracks into Macedonia since the surrounding land had been mined. Those who tried to hide in Pristina/Prishtin� were expelled a few days later in a similar fashion.

During the same period, forces of the FRY and Serbia entered the villages of Pristina/Prishtin� municipality where they beat and killed many Kosovo Albanians, robbed them of their money, looted their property and burned their homes.

Many of the villagers were taken by truck to Glogovac in the municipality of Lipljan/Lipjan. From there, they were transported to General Jankovic by train and walked to the Macedonian border.

Others, after making their way to the town of Urosevac/Ferizaj, were ordered by the Serb police to take a train to General Jankovic, from where they walked across the border into Macedonia.

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Prizren

On 25 March 1999 the village of Pirana was surrounded by forces of the FRY and Serbia, tanks and various military vehicles.

The village was shelled and a number of the residents were killed. Thereafter, police entered the village and burned the house of Kosovo Albanians.

After the attack, the remaining villagers left Pirana and went to surrounding villages. Some of the Kosovo Albanians fleeing toward Srbica were killed or wounded by snipers.

Serb forces then launched an offensive in the area of Srbica and shelled the villages of Reti e Utlet, Reti and Randobrava.

Kosovo Albanian villagers were forced from their homes and sent to the Albanian border. From 28 March 1999, in the city of Prizren itself, Serb policemen went from house to house, ordering Kosovo Albanian residents to leave.

They were forced to join convoys of vehicles and persons travelling on foot to the Albanian border. At the border all personal documents were taken away by Serb policemen.

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Srbica

On or about 25 March 1999, the villages of Vojnik, Lecina, Klladernica, Turiqevc Broje and Izbica were destroyed by shelling and burning. A group of approximately 4,500 Kosovo Albanians from these villages gathered outside the village of Izbica where members of the forces of the FRY and Serbia demanded money from the group and separated the men from the women and children. A large number of the men were then killed.

The surviving women and children were moved as a group towards Vojnik and then on to the Albanian border.

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Suva Reka

On the morning of 25 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded the town of Suva Reka/Suharek� .

During the following days, police officers went from house to house, threatening Kosovo Albanian residents, and removing many of the people from their homes at gunpoint. The women, children and elderly were sent away by the police and then a number of the men were killed by the Forces of the FRY and Serbia.

The Kosovo Albanians were forced to flee making their way in trucks, tractors and trailers towards the border with Albania. While crossing the border, they had all their documents and money taken.

On 31 March 1999, approximately 80,000 Kosovo Albanians displaced from villages in the Suva Reka/Suharek� municipality gathered near Bellanice. The following day, forces of the FRY and Serbia shelled Bellanice, forcing the displaced persons to flee toward the Albanian border. Prior to crossing the border, they had all their identification documents taken away.

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Urosevac

During the period between 4 and 14 April 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia shelled the villages of Softaj, Rahovica, Zltara, Pojatista, Komoglava and Sojevo, killing a number of residents.

After the shelling, police and military vehicles entered the villages and ordered the residents to leave. After the villagers left their houses, the soldiers and policemen burned the houses.

The villagers that were displaced joined in a convoy to the Macedonian border. At the border, all of their documents were taken.

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Racak

Beginning on or about 1 January 1999 and continuing until the date of this indictment, forces of the FRY and Serbia, acting at the direction, with the encouragement, or with the support of Slobodan MILOSEVIC, Milan MILUTINOVIC, Nikola SAINOVIC, Dragoljub OJDANIC, and Vlajko STOJILJKOVIC, have murdered hundreds of Kosovo Albanian civilians.

These killings have occurred in a widespread or systematic manner throughout the province of Kosovo and have resulted in the deaths of numerous men, women, and children.

Included among the incidents of mass killings are the following:

On or about 15 January 1999, in the early morning hours, the village of Racak (Stimlje/Shtime municipality) was attacked by forces of the FRY and Serbia.

After shelling by the VJ units, the Serb police entered the village later in the morning and began conducting house-to-house searches.

Villagers, who attempted to flee from the Serb police, were shot throughout the village. A group of approximately 25 men attempted to hide in a building, but were discovered by the Serb police.

They were beaten and then were removed to a nearby hill, where the policemen shot and killed them. Altogether, the forces of the FRY and Serbia killed approximately 45 Kosovo Albanians in and around Racak.

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Bella Cerkva

On or about 25 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia attacked the village of Bela Crkva (Orahovac/Rahovec municipality).

Many of the residents of Bela Crkva fled into a streambed outside the village and sought shelter under a railroad bridge. As additional villagers approached the bridge, a Serbian police patrol opened fire on them killing 12 persons, including 10 women and children.

The police then ordered the remaining villagers out of the streambed, at which time the men were separated from the women and small children. The police ordered the men to strip and then systematically robbed them of all valuables.

The women and children were then ordered to leave. The village doctor attempted to speak with the police commander, but he was shot and killed, as was his nephew.

The other men were then ordered back into the streambed. After they complied, the police opened fire on the men, killing approximately 65 Kosovo Albanians.

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Velika Krusha

On or about 25 March 1999, the villages of Velika Krusa and Mali Krusa/Krushe e Mahde and Krushe e Vogel (Orahovac/Rahovec municipality) were attacked by forces of the FRY and Serbia.

Village residents took refuge in a forested area outside Velika Krusa/Krushe e Mahde, where they were able to observe the police systematically looting and then burning the villagers' houses.

On or about the morning of 26 March 1999, Serb police located the villagers in the forest.

The police ordered the women and small children to leave the area and to go to Albania. The police then searched the men and boys and took their identity documents, after which they were made to walk to an uninhabited house between the forest and Mali Krusa/Krushe e Vogel.

Once the men and boys were assembled inside the house, the Serb police opened fire on the group.

After several minutes of gunfire, the police piled hay on the men and boys and set fire to it in order to burn the bodies. As a result of the shootings and the fire, approximately 105 Kosovo Albanian men and boys were killed by the Serb police.

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Djakovica: Murders

On or about the evening of 26 March 1999, in the town of Dakovica/Gjakov� , Serb gunmen came to a house on Ymer Grezda Street.

The women and children inside the house were separated from the men, and were ordered to go upstairs. The Serb gunmen then shot and killed the 6 Kosovo Albanian men who were in the house. (The names of those killed are set forth in Schedule D which is attached as an appendix to this indictment.)

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Crkolez

On or about 27 March 1999, in the morning hours, forces of the FRY and Serbia attacked the village of Crkolez/Padalishte (Istok/Istog municipality).

As the forces entered the village, they fired on houses and on villagers who attempted to flee. Eight members of the Beke IMERAJ family were forced from their home and were killed in front of their house.

Other residents of Crkolez/Padalishte were killed at their homes and in a streambed near the village. Altogether, forces of the FRY and Serbia killed approximately 20 Kosovo Albanians from Crkolez/Padalishte.

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Izbica

On or about 27 March 1999, FRY and Republic of Serbia forces attacked the village of Izbica (Srbica/Skenderaj municipality). Several thousand village residents took refuge in a meadow outside the village. On or about 28 March 1999, forces of the FRY and Serbia surrounded the villagers and then approached them, demanding money.

After valuables were stolen by the soldiers and policemen, the men were separated from the women and small children. The men were then further divided into two groups, one of which was sent to a nearby hill, and the other of which was sent to a nearby streambed.

Both groups of men were then fired upon by the forces of the FRY and Serbia, and approximately 130 Kosovo Albanian men were killed. (Those persons killed who are known by name are set forth in Schedule F which is attached as an appendix to this indictment.)

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Croatia: Introduction

The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, pursuant to her authority under Article 18 of the Statute of the Tribunal, charges

  • SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC
with CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY, VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OR CUSTOMS OF WAR and GRAVE BREACH OF THE GENEVA CONVENTION OF 1949 as set forth below.

Slobodan Milosevic is individually responsible for the crimes referred to in Articles 2,3 and 5 of the Statute of the Tribunal and described in this indictment, which he planned, instigated, ordered, committed, or in whose planning, preparation, or execution, he otherwise aided and abetted.

He participated in a joint criminal enterprise. The purpose of this joint criminal enterprise was the forcible removal of the majority of the Croat and other non-Serb population from the approximately one-third of the territory of the Republic of Croatia that he planned to become a new Serb-dominated state.


COUNT 1 CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY

From on or about August 1 1991 until June 1992, Slobodan MILOSEVIC, acting alone or in concert with other known and unknown members of a joint criminal enterprise, planned, instigated, ordered, committed or otherwise aided and abetted the planning, preparation, or execution of the persecutions of the Croat or non-Serb civilian populations in the territories of the Serbian Autonomous District (SAO) of Slavonia, Baranja and Srem (SBWS), the SAO Western Slavonia, the SAO Krajina, and the Dubrovnik Republic.

Throughout this period, Serb forces attacked and took control of towns, villages and settlements in the territories listed above. After the take-over, the Serb forces in co-operation with the local Serb authorities established a regime of persecutions designed to drive the Croat and other non-Serb civilian population from these territories.

These persecutions included the murder of hundreds of Croat and other non-Serb civilian population, the prolonged and routine imprisonment of thousands of Croat and other non-Serb civilians and the repeated torture, beatings and killings of these people in detention facilities.

Persecutions on political, religious, or racial grounds is a crime against humanity.


COUNTS 2 to 5 CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OR CUSTOMS OF WAR AND GRAVE BREACH OF THE GENEVA CONVENTION

Western Slavonia

Beginning August 1991, the Serb forces including the volunteer units "Seselj's men" and the "White Eagles" were in control of Vocin.

On 13 December 1991, while the Serb forces withdrew from Vocin and the surrounding area, they went from house to house, killing a substantial portion of the remaining Croat civilian population.

A total of 32 civilians were killed before the units withdrew on 13 December 1991.

The only survivors were those in hiding, whom the Serb forces did not find.

Krajina

From about October 7 1991, Serb forces were in control of the area of Hrvatska Kostajnica.

Most of the Croat civilians had fled their homes during the attack in September 1991, but proximately 120 Croat civilians, mostly women, the elderly or the infirm, remained in the villages of Dubica, Cerovljani, and Bacin.

On the morning of October 20 1991, members of the Serb forces rounded up 53 civilians in Dubica and detained them in the village fire station.

Over the course of the day and night 10 were released, because they were either Serbs or had connections with Serbs.

On 21 October 1991, the Serb forces took the remaining 43 detained Croats to a location near the village of Bacin. In addition, the Serb forces brought at least 13 non-Serb civilians from Bacin and Cerovljani to the same location.

All 56 victims were killed there.

At approximately the same time, the Serb forces took away an additional 30 civilians from Bacin and 24 from the villages Dubica and Cerovljani into an unknown location where they killed them.

At least 118 other Croat and non-Serb civilians were killed in the region by Serb forces up until February 1992.

Vukovar

On or about November 21 1991, Serb forces removed approximately 255 Croats and other non-Serbs from Vukovar Hospital in the aftermath of the Serb take-over of the city.

The victims were transported to the Ovcara farm located about 5 kilometres south of Vukovar. There, members of the Serb forces beat and tortured the victims for hours.

During the evening of November 21 1991, the soldiers transported the victims in groups of 10-20 to a remote execution site between the Ovcara farm and Grabovo, where they shot and killed them.

Their bodies were buried in a mass grave.

Slavonia, Baranja, Srem

In September and October 1991, Serb forces arrested Croat civilians and kept them in a detention facility in the police building in Dalj. Eleven detainees were shot and their bodies buried in a mass grave in the village of Celija.

On 4 October 1991, Serb officials entered the detention facility in the police building in Dalj and shot 28 Croat civilian detainees. The bodies of the victims were then taken from the building and dumped into the nearby Danube River.

At least 135 other Croat and non-Serb civilians were killed in this region up until May 1992.

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COUNTS 21 to 27 CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OR CUSTOMS OF WAR AND GRAVE BREACH OF THE GENEVA CONVENTION

Dubrovnik

From October 1 1991 until December 7 1991, Slobodan MILOSEVIC, acting alone or in concert with other known and unknown members of the joint criminal enterprise, planned, instigated, ordered, committed, or otherwise aided and abetted the planning, preparation, or execution of a military campaign directed at the city of Dubrovnik and its surroundings in order to achieve the forcible removal of its non-Serb population.

In this time period launched an extensive military attack on the coastal regions of Croatia between the town of Neum, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the north-west and the Montenegrin border in the south-east.

It was the objective of the Serb forces to detach this area from Croatia and to annex it to Montenegro.

While the Serb forces seized the territory to the south-east and north-west of the city of Dubrovnik within two weeks, the city itself was under attack throughout the time alleged in this indictment.

During an unlawful extensive shelling campaign conducted from high ground east and north of Dubrovnik, forty-three Croat civilians were killed and numerous others wounded.

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