Avatar and Incarnation: The Divine in Human Form in the World's Religions
Hindu beliefs in avatars, heavenly beings who come down to earth to restore right and destroy wrong, are more than 2000 years old. For the greater part of this history, beliefs in avatars have run parallel to the Christian doctrine of incarnation, the manifestation of God in Jesus. This study looks at the origin and development of these doctrines of avatar and incarnation, not just in Christianity and Hinduism, but also in other religions with comparable elements, such as Buddhism, Jainism and Islam. Geoffrey Parrinder explores the scriptural sources for these doctrines and surveys the commentaries of theologians past and present. His absorbing examination of key issues, such as Christian belief in the uniqueness of Christ versus belief in successive avatars, the relationship between historicity and legend and the humanity - divinity debate, produces a rich and detailed comparison of the variety of beliefs in the earthly manifestation of the deity.
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Contents
INTRODUCTION
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13 |
AVATARS IN THE GREAT EPIC
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19 |
KRISHNA IN THE BHAGAVAD GĪTĀ
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32 |
Copyright
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accept appears Arjuna Avatar Avatar doctrine became become beginning belief birth Bodhisattva body born Brahman Buddha Buddhist called century Chaitanya chapter Christ Christian claimed comes compared considered critical death deity developed devotion Dharma disciples discussed divine doctrine doubt early earth enlightenment Epic existence fact faith father figure finally followers further Gītā given gives gods Gospel Gotama heaven Hindu Hinduism historical human idea important Incarnation Indian Indian Philosophy Islam Jesus Jinas king knowledge Krishna later lives Lord manifestation māyā means mentioned mother Muhammad Muslim Mysticism nature object original perhaps Philosophy popular present Prophet Purāna question Rāma references regarded religion religious revealed says seems seen Śiva soul speaks spirit story successive taught teacher teaching term texts theory thought thousand tion tradition true truth unique universe Upanishads Vedas verse Vishnu worship writers