Invitation to Oceanography
The content of this book spans the four major divisions of ocean science--geology, chemistry, physics, and biology--while maintaining the conversational voice for which it is acclaimed. This new edition includes new content on oceanographic research, oceanographic exploration, pacific ocean circulation, and the deep-sea bottom, as well as numerous updated and expanded feature boxes.
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Contents
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2 The Planet Oceanus
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30 |
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3 The Origin of Ocean Basins
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60 |
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4 Marine Sedimentation
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90 |
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5 The Properties of Seawater
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132 |
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6 Wind and Ocean Circulation
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182 |
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7 Waves in the Ocean
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222 |
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8 Tides
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252 |
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9 Marine Ecology
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280 |
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15 The Human Presence in the Ocean
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492 |
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16 Global Climate Change and the Oceans
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532 |
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Appendix I PROPERTIES OF THE EARTH
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567 |
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Appendix II CONVERSION FACTORS
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568 |
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Appendix III GEOLOGIC TIME
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569 |
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Appendix IV MAPS AND TOPOGRAPHIC PROFILES
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570 |
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Appendix V PRINCIPAL MARINE ORGANISMS
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574 |
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Appendix VI THE CORIOLIS DEFLECTION
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575 |
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Common terms and phrases
adapted animals Atlantic Ocean bacteria barrier islands basalt beach benthic biological boxed feature carbon cells chemical circulation climate coastal continental shelf continental slope Coriolis deflection crest crust currents deep deep-sea density deposits diatoms dissolved drift Earth Earth’s surface ecosystems Ekman transport El Niño energy estuary Figure fish fishery flow geologic global halocline inlet kilometers land latitudes layer lithosphere longshore longshore drift marine meters molecules North Atlantic nutrients ocean basins oceanographers offshore ofwater organisms Pacific particles pelagic percent photic zone photosynthesis phytoplankton plankton plants plate polar pressure production pycnocline rise river rock salinity salt marshes sand Scientific American sea bottom sea level sea surface seafloor seafloor spreading seawater sediment sedimentary shallow shore shoreline slope species storm temperature thermocline tidal tides tion transport Tropic upwelling vertical warm water column water depth water masses wave wind world’s zone zooplankton