Chapter 4
Antibodies from Other Species
Melissa L. Vadnais,
Michael F. Criscitiello,
Vaughn V. Smider,
Melissa L. Vadnais
Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
Search for more papers by this authorMichael F. Criscitiello
Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, 400 Raymond Stotzer Parkway, College Station, TX, 77843 USA
Search for more papers by this authorVaughn V. Smider
Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
Search for more papers by this author
Melissa L. Vadnais,
Michael F. Criscitiello,
Vaughn V. Smider,
Melissa L. Vadnais
Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
Search for more papers by this authorMichael F. Criscitiello
Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, 400 Raymond Stotzer Parkway, College Station, TX, 77843 USA
Search for more papers by this authorVaughn V. Smider
Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
Search for more papers by this author
Book Editor(s):Tristan Vaughan,
Jane Osbourn,
Bahija Jallal,
Tristan Vaughan
MedImmune Ltd., Milstein Building, Granta Park, Engineering Research Bldg., Cambridge, CB21 6GH United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorJane Osbourn
MedImmune Ltd., Milstein Building, Granta Park, Engineering Research Bldg., Cambridge, CB21 6GH United Kingdom
Search for more papers by this authorBahija Jallal
MedImmune LLC., 1 Medimmune Way, Engineering Research Bldg., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878 USA
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
This chapter reviews the genetic and structural features of the antibody system of several diverse species, with an emphasis on those with social or economic importance to humans, but also including unique examples of novel antibody genetics or structure that have been identified in evolutionarily important organisms. Although antibodies maintain a common structure, they exist in various isotypes, which differ in their biological function, structure, and tissue distribution. There are five major immunoglobulin isotypes in mammals: IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA, and IgE. A unique feature of mammals is the passive transfer of immunoglobulins from mother to offspring. IgG is transferred from maternal serum into the offspring by the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) expressed in placenta and/or the infant intestine. Antibody diversity in shark is created through V(D)J recombination of immunoglobulin genes like other jawed vertebrates, and it is one of the earliest vertebrates with this ability.
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