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Diversity, evolutionary contribution and ecological roles of aquatic viruses

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Abstract

Aquatic viruses include infected viruses in aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms, and free-floating viruses (virioplankton) in water environments. In the last three decades, a huge number of aquatic viruses, especially diverse free-floating viruses, including cyanophages, phycoviruses, archaea viruses, giant viruses, and even virophages, have been identified by virological experiments and metagenomic analyses. Based on a comprehensive introduction of aquatic virus classification and their morphological and genetic diversity, here, we summarize and outline main virus species, their evolutionary contribution to aquatic communities through horizontal gene transfer, and their ecological roles for cyanobacterial bloom termination and global biogeochemical cycling in freshwater and marine ecosystems. Thereby, some novel insights of aquatic viruses and virus-host interactions, especially their evolutionary contribution and ecological rolesin diverse aquatic communities and ecosystems, are highlighted in this review.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31430091, 31772890) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA08030202).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Qi-Ya Zhang & Jian-Fang Gui

  2. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Qi-Ya Zhang

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  1. Qi-Ya Zhang
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Correspondence to Jian-Fang Gui.

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Zhang, QY., Gui, JF. Diversity, evolutionary contribution and ecological roles of aquatic viruses. Sci. China Life Sci. 61, 1486–1502 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-018-9414-7

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