Proteoglycans in Normal and Healing Skin
Publication: Advances in Wound Care
Volume 4, Issue Number 3
Abstract
Significance: Proteoglycans have a distinct spatial localization in normal skin and are essential for the correct structural development, organization, hydration, and functional properties of this tissue. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is no longer considered to be just an inert supportive material but is a source of directive, spatial and temporal, contextual information to the cells via components such as the proteoglycans. There is a pressing need to improve our understanding of how these important molecules functionally interact with other matrix structures, cells and cellular mediators in normal skin and during wound healing.
Recent Advances: New antibodies to glycosaminoglycan side chain components of skin proteoglycans have facilitated the elucidation of detailed localization patterns within skin. Other studies have revealed important proliferative activities of proteinase-generated fragments of proteoglycans and other ECM components (matricryptins). Knockout mice have further established the functional importance of skin proteoglycans in the assembly and homeostasis of the normal skin ECM.
Critical Issues: Our comprehension of the molecular and structural complexity of skin as a complex, dynamic, constantly renewing, layered connective tissue is incomplete. The impact of changes in proteoglycans on skin pathology and the wound healing process is recognized as an important area of pathobiology and is an area of intense investigation.
Future Directions: Advanced technology is allowing the development of new artificial skins. Recent knowledge on skin proteoglycans can be used to incorporate these molecules into useful adjunct therapies for wound healing and for maintenance of optimal tissue homeostasis in aging skin.
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About the Authors
Dr. Margaret Mary Smith and Dr. James Melrose are senior research fellows in the Raymond Purves Research Laboratories at the Kolling Institute (University of Sydney) at Royal North Shore Hospital in Sydney. Both authors study the role of proteoglycans in extracellular matrix structure, function and disease pathology.
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Advances in Wound Care
Volume 4 • Issue Number 3 • March 2015
Pages: 152 - 173
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Copyright 2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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Published online: 6 March 2015
Published in print: March 2015
Published ahead of print: 10 October 2013
Received: 11 July 2013
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