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Ian M. Sheldon, Regulation of biotechnology: will we ever ‘freely’ trade GMOs?, European Review of Agricultural Economics, Volume 29, Issue 1, 1 March 2002, Pages 155–176, https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/29.1.155
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Abstract
In this paper, the issue of regulation of and trade in genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is examined. It is shown that, despite rapid adoption of GMOs by a few exporters, many importers have developed relatively restrictive procedures for premarket approval of GMOs, and are requiring mandatory labelling. Although exporters have yet to seek a ruling on these regulations, a trade dispute over GMOs is likely to occur. An analysis of the reasons for such a dispute is presented in the paper, along with a discussion of whether such a dispute can be resolved through existing World Trade Organization procedures.