Microsatellite Instability Generates Diversity in Brain and Sociobehavioral Traits
Abstract
Repetitive microsatellites mutate at relatively high rates and may contribute to the rapid evolution of species-typical traits. We show that individual alleles of a repetitive polymorphic microsatellite in the 5′ region of the prairie vole vasopressin 1a receptor (avpr1a) gene modify gene expression in vitro. In vivo, we observe that this regulatory polymorphism predicts both individual differences in receptor distribution patterns and socio-behavioral traits. These data suggest that individual differences in gene expression patterns may be conferred via polymorphic microsatellites in the cis-regulatory regions of genes and may contribute to normal variation in behavioral traits.
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We thank L. Miller, D. Levesque, and the veterinary staff at Yerkes for assistance with animal husbandry, M. Lim and L. Dharamsi for technical assistance, and J. Taglialatela at Georgia State University for providing source material for bonobo DNA. We also thank H. Nair for his critical reading of the manuscript. Supported by NIH MH67397 to EADH, MH56897 and MH64692 to LJY, NSF STC IBN-9876754, and Yerkes Center Grant RR00165.
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Published In
Science
Volume 308 | Issue 5728
10 June 2005
10 June 2005
Copyright
American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Submission history
Received: 23 February 2005
Accepted: 6 April 2005
Published in print: 10 June 2005
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- Elizabeth A. D. Hammock,
- Larry J. Young
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