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Abstract

A record of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations measured on the EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) Dome Concordia ice core extends the Vostok CO2 record back to 650,000 years before the present (yr B.P.). Before 430,000 yr B.P., partial pressure of atmospheric CO2 lies within the range of 260 and 180 parts per million by volume. This range is almost 30% smaller than that of the last four glacial cycles; however, the apparent sensitivity between deuterium and CO2 remains stable throughout the six glacial cycles, suggesting that the relationship between CO2 and Antarctic climate remained rather constant over this interval.

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References and Notes

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We thank K. Kawamura and G. Teste for assisting with the CO2 measurements, L. Lisiecki and M. Raymo for access to the data of (19), and R. Spahni and F. Parrenin for fruitful discussions. This work is a contribution to the EPICA, a joint European Science Foundation/European Commission (EC) scientific program funded by the EC and by national contributions from Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom. We acknowledge long-term financial support by the Swiss National Science Foundation, the University of Bern, the Swiss Federal Office of Energy, and EC Project EPICA-MIS. This is EPICA publication no. 133.

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Published In

Science
Volume 310 | Issue 5752
25 November 2005

Submission history

Received: 13 September 2005
Accepted: 1 November 2005
Published in print: 25 November 2005

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Notes

Supporting Online Material
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/310/5752/1313/DC1
Materials and Methods
Figs. S1 and S2
References

Authors

Affiliations

Urs Siegenthaler
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Thomas F. Stocker* [email protected]
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Eric Monnin
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Dieter Lüthi
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Jakob Schwander
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Bernhard Stauffer
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Dominique Raynaud
Laboratoire de Glaciologie et de Géophysique de l'Environnement (CNRS), 54 Rue Molières, 38402 St. Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.
Jean-Marc Barnola
Laboratoire de Glaciologie et de Géophysique de l'Environnement (CNRS), 54 Rue Molières, 38402 St. Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.
Hubertus Fischer
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Columbusstrasse, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany.
Valérie Masson-Delmotte
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Jean Jouzel
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Notes

*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]

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