CRISPR Provides Acquired Resistance Against Viruses in Prokaryotes
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are a distinctive feature of the genomes of most Bacteria and Archaea and are thought to be involved in resistance to bacteriophages. We found that, after viral challenge, bacteria integrated new spacers derived from phage genomic sequences. Removal or addition of particular spacers modified the phage-resistance phenotype of the cell. Thus, CRISPR, together with associated cas genes, provided resistance against phages, and resistance specificity is determined by spacer-phage sequence similarity.
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References and Notes
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Information on materials and methods for the generation of phage-resistant mutants, engineering of CRISPR spacers (Figs. S4 and S5), and inactivation of cas genes is available on Science Online.
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We thank L. Bayer, C. Vos, and A.-C. Coûté-Monvoisin of Danisco Innovation, as well as J. Labonté and D. Tremblay of Université Laval for technical support, and E. Bech Hansen for discussions and critical review of the manuscript. Also, we thank T. R. Klaenhammer for providing the integration system. This work was supported by funding from Danisco A/S. Also, S. M. would like to acknowledge support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Program. Sequences were deposited in GenBank, accession numbers EF434458 to EF434504.
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Published In
Science
Volume 315 | Issue 5819
23 March 2007
23 March 2007
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American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Submission history
Received: 29 November 2006
Accepted: 16 February 2007
Published in print: 23 March 2007
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Supporting Online Material
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/315/5819/1709/DC1
Materials and Methods
Figs. S1 to S5
References and Notes
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- Rodolphe Barrangou et al.
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