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Changes in the element composition of globoids from Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita andreana cotyledons during early seedling growth

Publication: Canadian Journal of Botany
June 1996

Abstract

Energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to study the element composition of globoids from the cotyledons of Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita andreana seeds and seedlings at various stages of growth. The influence of light and mineral nutrient conditions on changes in globoid composition was also investigated. The element composition of globoids changed markedly during early seedling growth. In both species, regardless of light and mineral nutrient conditions, K decreased markedly, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Zn generally increased, and P remained relatively constant. There were differences in globoid composition changes between the two species that could be attributed, at least in part, to differences in the Ca content of the mature, dry embryos. In C. andreana, which had a higher initial Ca content, there was a large increase in the Ca content of the globoids during seedling growth and no significant increase in Mn. In C. maxima globoids, there was only a slight increase in Ca, but there was a much larger increase in Fe, Zn, and Mn than occurred in C. andreana. Light conditions alone did not have a significant influence on the changes in globoid composition. Light, in combination with mineral nutrients, resulted in a more rapid degradation of globoids in the later stages of growth. Mineral nutrient conditions affected mostly elements that were initially present in large amounts. There were very large, globoid-like particles present in some later stage samples of both species, from each of the different growth conditions. These particles had element compositions that were consistent with their being composed of phytate. Keywords: Cucurbita, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, globoids, mineral nutrient reserves, large particles.

Résumé

Les auteurs ont utilisé l'analyse dispersive des rayons X pour étudier la composition élémentaire des globoïdes, dans les cotylédons des graines et des plantules du Cucurbita maxima et du Cucurbita andreana, à différents stades de la croissance. Ils ont également examiné l'influence de la lumière et des nutriments minéraux sur les changements de la composition des globoïdes. La composition élémentaire des globoïdes se modifie fortement au cours des premières étapes de la croissance de la plantule. Chez les deux espèces, indépendamment des conditions de lumière et de nutrition, le K diminue fortement, les Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn et Zn augmentent généralement, et le P demeure relativement constant. Entre les deux espèces, il y a des différences dans les changements de la composition des globoïdes qu'on peut attribuer, en partie du moins, à des différences dans la teneur en Ca chez les embryons mûrs et secs. Chez le C. andreana, qui possède une teneur initiale en Ca plus élevée, on observe une forte augmentation de la teneur en Ca dans les globoïdes, au cours de croissance des plantules, et aucune augmentation significative du Mn. Chez les globoïdes du C. maxima, il n'y a qu'une faible augmentation du Ca, mais une augmentation beaucoup plus importante en Fe, Zn et Mn que ce qu'on observe chez le C. andreana. Les conditions de lumière seules n'ont pas d'effet significatif sur les changements de la composition des globoïdes. La lumière, en combinaison avec les nutriments minéraux, amène une dégradation plus rapide des globoïdes aux derniers stades de la croissance. Les conditions de nutrition minérale affectent surtout les éléments qui sont présents en fortes quantités, au départ. Il y a de très grosses particules ressemblant aux globoïdes dans les échantillons récoltés tardivement chez les deux espèces, avec chacune des conditions de croissance. Ces particules ont des compositions élémentaires qui sont congruentes avec elles étant composées de phytate. Mots clés : Cucurbita, analyse par énergie dispersive des rayons X, globoïdes, réserve de nutriments minéraux, grosses particules. [Traduit par la rédaction]

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cover image Canadian Journal of Botany
Canadian Journal of Botany
Volume 74Number 6June 1996
Pages: 838 - 847

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Version of record online: 1 February 2011

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