Risk factors for child pneumonia - focus on the Western Pacific Region

T K P Nguyen; T H Tran; C L Roberts; G J Fox; S M Graham; B J Marais

doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2016.07.002

Risk factors for child pneumonia - focus on the Western Pacific Region

Paediatr Respir Rev. 2017 Jan:21:95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.07.002. Epub 2016 Jul 15.

Authors

T K P Nguyen¹, T H Tran², C L Roberts³, G J Fox⁴, S M Graham⁵, B J Marais⁶

Affiliations

¹ Discipline of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, The University of Sydney, Australia; Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Da Nang, Viet Nam. Electronic address: thng5150@uni.sydney.edu.au.
² Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
³ Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Australia.
⁴ Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney.
⁵ Centre for International Child Health, University of Melbourne and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
⁶ Discipline of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, The University of Sydney, Australia.

PMID: 27515732
DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.07.002

Abstract

Pneumonia is a major cause of disease and death in infants and young children (aged <5 years) globally, as it is in the World Health Organization Western Pacific region. A better understanding of the underlying risk factors associated with child pneumonia is important, since pragmatic primary prevention strategies are likely to achieve major reductions in pneumonia-associated morbidity and mortality in children. This review focuses on risk factors with high relevance to the Western Pacific region, including a lack of exclusive breastfeeding, cigarette smoke and air pollution exposure, malnutrition and conditions of poverty, as well as common co-morbidities. Case management and vaccination coverage have been considered elsewhere.

Keywords: breastfeeding; cigarette smoke exposure; indoor air pollution; lower respiratory tract infections; malnutrition.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Air Pollution, Indoor / statistics & numerical data*
Asia, Eastern / epidemiology
Asia, Southeastern / epidemiology
Breast Feeding / statistics & numerical data*
Child
Child Nutrition Disorders / epidemiology*
Child, Preschool
Comorbidity
Humans
Infant
Pneumonia / epidemiology*
Poverty / statistics & numerical data*
Risk Factors
Tobacco Smoke Pollution / statistics & numerical data*

Substances

Tobacco Smoke Pollution