Abstract
Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome novel coronavirus produces a clinical syndrome known as 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). When severe, COVID-19 is a systemic illness characterized by hyperinflammation, cytokine storm, and elevations of cardiac injury biomarkers. Here, we review what is known about the pathophysiology of COVID-19, its cardiovascular manifestations, and emerging therapeutic prospects. In this rapidly moving field, this review was comprehensive as of April 3, 2020.
Keywords: biomarkers; cardiovascular diseases; coronavirus; inflammation; myocarditis.
Publication types
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
- Review
MeSH terms
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- Animals
- Betacoronavirus*
- Biomarkers
- COVID-19
- COVID-19 Drug Treatment
- Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology*
- Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology
- Cardiovascular Diseases / therapy
- Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
- Coronavirus Infections* / complications
- Coronavirus Infections* / drug therapy
- Coronavirus Infections* / physiopathology
- Coronavirus Infections* / therapy
- Humans
- Inflammation
- Mice
- Pandemics*
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Pneumonia, Viral* / complications
- Pneumonia, Viral* / physiopathology
- Pneumonia, Viral* / therapy
- SARS-CoV-2
Substances
- Biomarkers
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- ACE2 protein, human
- Ace2 protein, mouse
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2