Non-viral COVID-19 vaccine delivery systems

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021 Feb:169:137-151. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.008. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Abstract

The novel corona virus termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout the globe at a formidable speed, causing tens of millions of cases and more than one million deaths in less than a year of its report in December 2019. Since then, companies and research institutions have raced to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, ranging from conventional viral and protein-based vaccines to those that are more cutting edge, including DNA- and mRNA-based vaccines. Each vaccine exhibits a different potency and duration of efficacy, as determined by the antigen design, adjuvant molecules, vaccine delivery platforms, and immunization method. In this review, we will introduce a few of the leading non-viral vaccines that are under clinical stage development and discuss delivery strategies to improve vaccine efficacy, duration of protection, safety, and mass vaccination.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • COVID-19 / genetics
  • COVID-19 / prevention & control*
  • COVID-19 Vaccines / administration & dosage*
  • COVID-19 Vaccines / chemistry
  • COVID-19 Vaccines / genetics
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods*
  • Humans
  • Vaccines, DNA / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, DNA / chemistry
  • Vaccines, DNA / genetics
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage*
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / chemistry
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / genetics

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Vaccines, DNA
  • Vaccines, Synthetic