According to the Law on Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Macedonia, 2001 (''Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia'' No 16/2001, 37/2001, 70/2001 and 43/2002), in the period from 1st- 15th of November 2002, the most extensive and largest statistical operation within the official statistic has been carried out - the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Macedonia, 2002. The critical moment of the Census was 31st October 2002, at midnight (12: 00 PM).
The Census as a statistical survey represents total process of collecting, processing, analyzing and dissemination of the data on population, households and dwellings in one country, at a certain period of time.
The Census on:
- population provides data on the number of the population and its territorial distribution, as well as for its structure according to demographic, geographic, economic and social characteristics;
- households provides data on the number of households and their territorial distribution, as well as data for the structure of the households according to their size, type and family members;
- dwellings provides data on the number of dwellings according to the type and their territorial distribution, and when talking about dwellings in a narrower sense, data are provided in relation to the dwelling's size, installation and auxiliary premises.
The aggregated statistical results obtained through the Census data compilation, besides being used for statistical purposes, they are also used for macroeconomic planning, scientific analysis and other researches as well.
The methodology, definitions and classifications for this Census are completely harmonized with the Census Law and the Recommendations for censuses on Population, Households and Dwellings prepared by the United Nations and the Statistical Service of the European Union - EUROSTAT. This ensures the international comparison of the Census data.
According to the Census Law and the Program for publication, the State Statistical Office is obligated within the period till the end of June 2004, to publish all 12 planed publications for the Census of the Population, Households and Dwellings 2002.
 All the publications have been prepared, and the first seven already published. The other five publications will be published soon.
They are titled as follows:
Book I - Total population, households and dwellings
Book II - Households and families
Book III - Dwellings, buildings and households
Book IV - Total population (Macedonian citizens absent abroad; Foreigners present in the Republic of Macedonia)
Book V - Total population (Educational characteristics)
Book VI - Total population (Population in the country according to the activity)
Book VII - Total population in the country (Persons who are performing an activity according to the occupation, industry, status in employment, educational attainment and ethnic affiliation)
Book VIII - Total population in the country (Persons who are performing an activity, persons who are seeking for a first employment or reemployment and dependent persons)
Book IX - Total population (According to the migration, vital and ethnic characteristics)
Book X - Total population, households and dwellings - final data by settlements (Total population according to the ethnic affiliation, mother tongue and religion)
Book XI - Total population according to the sex and age - final data by settlements
Book XII - Total population in the country - final data by settlements (Population in the country according to the activity and sex)
According to the final 2002 Census data the number of the total population in the Republic of Macedonia is 2022547 persons, 564.296 households and 698.143 dwellings.
The biggest municipality counting 125.379 persons, 37.955 households and 42.514 dwellings is Kisela Voda.
The smallest municipality counting 316 persons, 153 households and 424 dwellings is Staravina.
The average size of a household is 3.6 members.
The biggest households are registered within the municipalities : Dzepciste, Velesta, Srbinovo, Lipkovo, Aracinovo, Negotino-Polosko and Debar and the smallest households within Konopiste,Staravina, Vitoliste, Bogomila and Belcista.
The data for the dwellings shows that the biggest concentration of dwellings is in Skopje,154290, and generally spoken their number is bigger than the number of households in almost all the municipalities.
The age structure of the Total population in the Republic of Macedonia, shows significant participation of the old population. Young population (age 15 and more) participates with 21.08% in the Total population, and the old population (age 65 and more) with 10.57 %.
Municipalities Aracinovo (32.84%), Lipkovo (32.74%) and Velesta (32.60%) have significant participation of the young population, and the opposite is to be said for the municipalities Vitoliste ( 3.04%) and Konopiste (3.14) where there is no presence of the young population.
The picture by the Ethnic affiliation in Republic of Macedonia is as follows:
- Macedonians-1297981;
- Albanians- 509083;
- Turks - 77959;
- Romas - 53879;
- Vlachs - 9695;
- Serbs -35939;
- Bosniacs -17018;
- Others - 20993.
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