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The Croatian National Resistance
document count: 17
aka: Odpor, Otpor, HNO

 

Founded by Vjekoslav "Maks" Luburic, one of the most vicious and sadistic Ustase leaders, after his flight from the Balkans after World War II, the Hrvatski Narodni Odpor, (Croatian National Resistance, HNO, or simply "Odpor" and "Otpor") became the most violent of the Ustase successor organizations which were born in the aftermath of World War II. Commanded from Spain, Luburic's place of refuge under Generalissimo Franco, until his murder on April 20, 1969. The organization lived on, as several convictions for high profile crimes such as racketeering, attempted murder, extortion, terrorism, hijacking and other violent crimes indicate. The HNO's North American branch was effectively destroyed as an organization when the group's entire leadership echelon was convicted for racketeering, murder, attempted murder, extortion and other crimes primarily against other Croatian expatriates in the early 1980s.

Documents

CIA File: The Croatian Resistance Movement (II)
c. 1948: CIA report on leaders of the Croatian Resistance Movement, including the missing leader of the terror unit Crna Legija or Black Legion, Rafael Boban

Australian Police Raid Office Of the Nation's Secret Service
March 16, 1973: Account of Australian police raid to uncover documents relating to Croatian terrorist movements from the Australian secret service, and a plot to bomb the motorcade of Britain's Prince Philip

Appeal of Angelo Maric (Australia)
August 8, 1978: Decision by the High Court of Australia on the conviction of Odpor member Angelo Maric for several 1972 Sydney bombings

News: Two Odpor Agents Convicted of Terrorism
December 1, 1978: Two Odpor agents are found guilty on federal charges following a bungled raid on the Yugoslav consulate in Chicago

Otpor Bombing in California
June 23, 1980: Report from the US Secret Service on an retaliatory OTPOR bombing in California against two Croatian-owned businesses

FBI Tracing Report on the Murder Weapon Used to Kill Anthony Cikoja
September 28, 1981: Copy of the FBI tracing report on one of the two murders of Croatian immigrants in the United States which Odpor was convicted of carrying out

News: Canadian Among Croatian Group Charged with Violent Criminal Operation
February 19, 1982: UPI article laying out the prosecution's opening argument in the Second Otpor RICO Trial in New York City

10 Croatians on Trial on Racketeering Charges
1982: New York Times article on the Second Otpor RICO Trial in New York City

Otpor Bombing in New York
July 6. 1982: Report from the US Secret Service on two retaliatory OTPOR bombings in New York City, after the sentencing of the six terrorists convicted in the Second Otpor RICO Trial in New York

Judicial Decision: The First Otpor RICO Trial in New York City
January 25, 1983: 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals decision reaffirming all but one charge against four Otpor members, including conspiracy to kill a prominent Croatian-American leader while he walked his daughter to school

FBI File: Croatian Terrorism Investigation
April 19, 1983: Heavily redacted FBI file outlining a new Odpor bomb threat and new recruiting efforts for bomb-makers

FBI File: Rumored Arrests in Germany
February 7, 1984: Report from an FBI field office on reported arrests of Odpor activists in Germany in connection with the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Olympics

News Excerpt: Escaped Terrorist Captured
April 18, 1987: UPI news report on the recapture of Zvonko Busic

News Excerpt: Hijacker Recaptured After Prison Escape
April 19, 1987: News excerpt on Odpor hijacker Zvonko Busic's escape from prison

FBI File: An Interview with Miro Baresic
Februay 17, 1988: Translated interview with freed Odpor terrorist Miro Baresic and a Chicago radio station

Judicial Decision: The Second Otpor RICO Trial in New York City
April 14, 1983: 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals Summarizes the Case and Denies Appeal of Original Convictions under the RICO Act

Announcement Dissolving the Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood
September 15, 2000: Unverified communique issued by "main revolutionary hq" dissolving the Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood

 

Features

Essay: The Poglavnik's Family Tree
Unraveling the Ustase Successor Organizations.

Article: Where Are They Now? Odpor's Jailed Alumni
From Archive, the journal of the pavelic papers

 

External Links

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Documents: Judicial Decisions and Trials
Documents: Otpor Leader Ante Ljubas
Documents: Miro Baresic
Documents: Vjekoslav "Maks" Luburic
Misc: Search
Essay: The Return of the Golden Priest: The Second Recruitment of Krunoslav Draganovic
Timeline: The Ustase Movement