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SECOND EDITION

SOUVENIR

AUSTRALIAN
COMMONWEALTH

PRINTED BY JOHN SANDS, SYDNEY FOR THE N.S.W. BOOKSTALL CO.

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SOUVENIR
Of the
INAUGURATION OF THE
AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH
1901
AUSTRALIA -A NATION

As the nations sat together, grimly waiting
The fierce old Nations, battle-scarred,
Grown grey in their lusting and their hating
Ever armed and ever ready; keeping guard
Through the tumult of their warlike preparation
And the half-stilled clamor of the drums
Came a voice crying "Lo, a new-made Nation!"
"To her place in the sister-hood she comes!"

And she came - she was beautiful as morning,
With the bloom of the roses on her mouth,
Like a young Queen, lavishly adorning
Her charms with the splendors of the South,
And the fierce old Nations looking on her
Said "Nay surely, she were quickly overthrown!"
"Hath she strength for the burden laid upon her?"
"Hath she power to protect and guard her own?"

Then she spoke, and her voice was clear and ringing
In the ears of the Nations old and grey
Saying "Hark! And ye shall hear my children singing"
"Their war-song in countries far away."
"They are strangers to the tumult of the battle"
"They are few, but their hearts are very strong"
"'Tis a day since they called unto the cattle"
"But they now sing Australia's Marching Song!"

SONG OF THE AUSTRALIANS IN ACTION

For the honor of Australia our mother
Side by side with our kin from over sea
We have fought and we have proven one another
And enrolled among the brother-hood are we!

There was never post of danger but we sought it,
In the fighting through the fire and through the flood!
There was never prize so costly but we bought it
Though we paid for its purchase with our blood.

Was there ever road too rough for us to travel?
Was there ever path too far for us to tread?
You can track us by the blood-drops on the gravel
On the roads that we mile-stoned with our dead!

And for you, oh our young and anxious mother,
O'er your great gains keeping watch and ward,
Neither fearing nor despising any other
We will hold your possessions with the sword!

Then forth there stood a great and Queenly Nations
Britannia the empress of the Sea
Saying "Hail unto the New-made Federation!
"My daughter that hath lot and part with me"
"In mine honor and mine Empire and my story"
"As an equal coming now amongst her kin"
Partaker of my power and of my glory"
"To the sister-hood of Nations, enter in!"

COPYRIGHTED. "BANJO" PATERSON,
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. SYDNEY.

PUBLISHED BY
THE N.S.W. BOOKSTALL CO.
Sole Proprietor:
A. C. ROWLANDSON,
SYDNEY.
John Sands, Printer, 374 George St. Sydney.

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

AUSTRALIAN UNION
 The idea of a United Australia is no new one. From the first, in spite of temporary dismemberment, union has been stamped on the face of the land, and on the hearts of the peo;le. There was union in the beginning, when New South Wales, on the map, embraced all the eastern half of Australia. The isolated settlements which grew up at Hobart, Moreton bay, and Port Phillilp, were all governed from Sydney. But distance, and lack of communication, made separation inevitable. Disunion began with the separation of Tasmania in 1825, and the foundation of Western Australia in 1829, and South Australia in 1836. But the eastern half of the continent remained intact until 1851, when the demand for local self-government led to the separation of Victoria, followed in 1859 by that of Queensland.
Even during the separation epoch, the need of federal union was perceived by statesmen in Australia and in England. The first notable federalist was Edward Deas-Thomson, the Colonial Secretary of New South Wales, to whom must be traced Governor Fitzroy's suggestion, in 1846, of a 'superior functionary" to supervise the legislation of all the Australian colonies. In 1847, Earl Grey;, the Secretary of State for the Colonies suggested a 'central legislative authority' for the whole of Australia; dand in a1849 this idea was worked out by a Committee of the Privy Council, which, while advising the separation of Victoria, recommended also the appointment of a Governor-General of Australia and the establishment of a General Assembly, elected by the various legislatures, to make laws on matters of common interest.The Bill introduced in the British Parliament for the separation of Victoria contained clauses providing for the General Assembly, but these clauses were eventually dropped as being premature; though for some years the Governor of New South Wales was given a commission as Governer-General of all the Australian colonies.
 In 1853 a Select Committee in New South Wales, of which William Charles Wentworth and Edward Deas-Thomson were the leading spirits, and which drafted the present Constitution of the colony, recommended the establishment of a General Assembly; and the corresponding Committee in Victoria made a similar recommendation. In a1857 Wentworth, who was then in London, memorialised the Home Government on the subject, and submitted a Draft Bill for the establishment of a "Federal Assembly." In Victoria, Charles Gavan Duffy took the matter up with enthusiasm, and secured the appointment of a Select Committee to inquire into the necessity for federal union. The committee reported favorably, and recommended an Intercolonial Conference, as did also a Select committee in New South Wales, of which Deas-Thomson was chairman. There were other Select Committees in New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia; but, in spite of these efforts, nothing was done. Statesmen saw the need for union; but the people of each colony, intent on their local affairs, were indifferent to the larger question.
[Photograph]
SIR HENRY PARKES, G.C.M.G.,
"The Father of Federation."
Meanwhile the place of Federation was supplied, after a fashion, by a series of Intercolonial Conferences, to secure joint action on such matters as postal services, telegraphic communication with Europe, light-houses, defence and alien immigration. From time to time, at these Conferences, a customs union was suggested; but, though short-lived border treaties were arranged between New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia, all efforts at closer union failed.
As the colonies came more in touch, as settlement spread to the borders, and trade increased, the folly of intercolonial barriers became more obvious, and the need for union more pressing. It was Sir Henry Parkes who first caught the imagination of the Australian people, and raised the idea of Federation above all other questions of politics. As early as a1867, when, at a postal conference in Melbourne, it was resolved to establish a "Federal Council: in order to arrange for a subsidised steam service between Ceylon and Australia, he had expressed his hope of a permanent federal union. "I do not mean to say that, when you leave this room to-night, you will see a new constellation of six stars in the heavens. I do not startle your imagination by asking you to look for the footprints of six young giants in the morning dew, when the night rolls away; but this I feel certain of, that the mother country will regard this congress of the colonies just in the same light as a father and mother may view the conduct of their children when they first observe those children beginning to look out for homes and connections for themselves."
At a Conference which met at Melbourne in December, 1880, and at Sydney in January, 1881, Sir Henry Parkes brought up a scheme for a Federal council, with resolutions affirming that, although the establishment of a Federal Constitution would be premature, the time had come for the creation of a central authority which would prepare the way for Federal Government. But the Victorian delegates would have nothing to say to a federation which did not control the Customs revenue; and the scheme was abandoned.
In 1883 occurred a great federal event the junction over the Murray River of the railway system of New South Wales and Victoria. At the same time the activity of France and Germany in the Pacific, and the refusal of the Home Government to ratify the bold action of Queensland in annexing New Guinea, opened the eyes of the public to the need of united Australian action. At a Convention held in Sydney, at which the seven Australasian Colonies and Fiji were represented, Mr. Samuel Griffith proposed a resolution which led to the drafting of the Federal Council Bill. This became law in 1885, and the Federal Council was established, the colonies which joined it being Victoria,
Queensland, Western Australia, Tasmania, Fiji, and (from 1888 to 1890) South Australia.
New South Wales declined to join the Federal Council. Sir Henry Parkes had changed his mind, and now thought that such a Council, so far from being a stepping-stone, would 'impede the way to a sure and solid Federation." "Is it not better," he said, "to let the idea of Federation mature, to grow in men's minds until the time comes when we can have a solid enduring Federation? No good object can be served by creating a body such as this council. It has not any inherent power, the Legislatures of these free States will never give it any inherent power, and it can never exist for any useful purpose."
Meanwhile the idea of Federation was maturing, and in 1889 Sir Henry say his opportunity to make a fresh start. The report of an Imperial officer, Major-General Sir J. Bevan Edwards, R.E., C.B.,in favour of the federation of the military forces of the Australian colonies, attracted public attention to the urgency of union. On his way back from Brisbane, where he had received encouragement from Sir Samuel Griffith and others, Sir Henry Parkes made his famous speech at Tenterfield on 24th October, 1889. He urged the necessity for federal defence; and, "seeing no other means of attaining the end, it seemed to him that the time was close at hand when they ought to set about creating a great national government for all Australia. . . . They must take broader views in the initiation of the movement than have been taken hitherto. They must appoint a Convention of leading men from all the colonies-delegates appointed by the authority of Parliament, who would fully represent the opinion of the different Parliaments of the colonies. This Convention would have to devise the Constitution which would be necessary for bringing into existence a Federal Government, with a Federal Parliament, for the conduct of national business."
Sir Henry Parkes communicated with the other Premiers, and in February,1890 a prelilminary Conference met in Melbourne, consisting of two delegates from each of the seven colonies. At a banquet in honour of this Conference Mr. James Service, proposing the toast of "A United Australasia," spoke of the customs tariff as "the lion in the path." "The crimson thread of kinship" said Sir Henry, in responding, "runs through us all." The Conference passed resolutions declaring that the time was now ripe for "the union of the colonies, under one legislative and executive government, on principles just to the several colonies;" and pledging the members to take steps to induce their Legislatures

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to appoint delegates to " A National Australasian Convention, empowered to consider and report upon an adequate scheme for a Federal Constitution."
The Parliaments of the seven colonies concurred in these resolutions, and appointed delegates to a national convention, empowered to frame a Federal Constitution, which should then be submitted for the approval of the several Parliaments. The Convention met at Sydney on 2nd March, 1891. It sat for six weeks, and passed the Draft Commonwealth Bill of 18l9 - the first complete scheme for the federation of Australia. It was presided over by the venerable figure of Sir Henry Parkes; and the actual drafting of the bill, persuant to resolutions of the convention, was entrusted to a committee, consisting of Sir Samuel Griffith, Mr. C. C. Kingston, Mr. Edmund Barton, and Mr. A. Inglis Clark.
First draft though it was, the Commonwealth Bill of 1891 stands today, in its main outlines, as the framework and basis of the Constitution of the Commonwealth. It has been improved in important details; its deficiencies have been filled, and its compromises elaborated; it has been polished and re-polished at the hands of the representatives of the people, and in the light of more mature reflection. But the original draft remains as a magnificent monument of the statesmanship and wisdom of its framers; who by a study of the American and Canadian Constitutions, and a careful application of the principles of Federal Government to the needs of Australian, for the first time crystallized into a definite shape the vague national aspirations and sentiments of the Australian people. In those few weeks Federation changed from a dream to a practical policy.
[HON. EDMUND BARTON, Leader or the Federal Party]
But Federation was not so near as its friends hoped. He Commonwealth Bill had to face, not only criticism, but indifference and suspicion. It lacked the popular impulse, and the popular interest, which were necessary to success. The Legislatures, busy with local affairs, trifled with it, and the process of Parliamentary ratification broke down. Federation was one more said by its opponents to be "as dead as Julius Caesar."
The cause which politicians neglected was then taken upon by the people. The financial panic of 1892, and the resulting stagnation of trade, showed in a new light the folly of disunion. Mr. Barton, who, after the death of Sir Henry Parkes, was the acknowledged federal leader in New South Wales, inaugurated a series of Federation Leagues. The same course was adopted in the other colonies, and gradually the movement gathered weight.
In 1893 A Conference of Federation Leagues and other bodies was held at Corowa, at which Dr. John Quick of Bendigo, formulated his famous resolution for the passing of Enabling Acts in all the colonies, providing for the direct popular election of representatives to a new Convention, the framing by the Convention of a Federal Constitution, the submission of the Constitution to a referendum in each colony, and the passing of addresses to the Queen, providing for its enactment.
Dr. Quick's scheme supplied the popular initiative which was lacking in the case of the convention of a1891; and it also, by mapping out the whole process beforehand under statutory authority, ensured that the work of the convention, once begun, would be definitely submitted to the people for acceptance or rejection. Mr. G. H. Reid, Premier of New South Wales, took up the scheme, and secured the assembling of a Conference of Premiers at Hobart, in January, 18l95, at which a draft Enabling Bill was agreed to. Enabling Acts were accordingly passed in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australian, and Tasmania. Each of these colonies elected ten representatives to the Convention; the election, in every colony except Western Australia, being by popular vote.
The great Convention of 1897- met at Adelaide on 22nd March, 1897, and, under the leadership of Mr. Barton, framed its first draft of a Constitution, after which, as required by the Enabling Acts, it adjourned for 120 days, to enable the Parliaments of the colonies to suggest amendments. During this interval the several Parliaments dealt with the Bill, and a large number of amendments were proposed. On 2nd September, 1897, the Convention met again at Sydney, to consider the Bill and the suggested amendments. After three weeks' discussion a further adjournment was found necessary. The Convention met again at Melbourne on 20th January, and on 16th March concluded its labours by adopting the draft of a Bill to establish the Commonwealth of Australia.
This Bill, on 3rd and 4th June, 1898, was submitted to a referendum in four colonies. In Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania, it was carried by
[Sydney Mail] [Sydney Mail]
[Lady Hopetoun.] [Lord Hopetoun]
[First Governor-General of United Australia.]

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Overwhelming majorities; but in New South Wales it was strongly opposed, and only secured a narrow majority, the votes being; Yes, 71,595; No, 66,288. As the amended Enabling Act of New South Wales specified an affirmative vote of 80,00as necessary for acceptance, the Bill was 'deemed to be rejected' in that colony. The ensuing events in New South Wales are too recent to need recapitulation; suffice it that the Parliament of New South Wales passed resolutions asking for reconsideration, with a view to certain amendments. At a Conference of Premiers which met at Melbourne in January, 1899, amendments were made at the instance of Mr. Reid. The amended Bill was then submitted to a referendum in the same four colonies, and carried in all by greatly increased majorities. An Enabling Act was also passed by Queensland, and at a referendum taken in that colony on 2nd September, 1899, the Bill was carried by a substantial majority.
Addresses to the Queen were passed by the Parliaments of the five colonies, praying for the Constitution Bill to be passed by the Imperial Parliament. At the request of Mr.Chamberlain, each colony sent a delegate to England to consult with the Imperial Government; the delegates consisting of Mr. Edmund Barton, Mr. Alfred Deakin, Mr. J. R. Dickson, Mr. C. C. Kingston, and Sir Philip Fysh. Several amendments were suggested by the Crown Law Officers; but eventually the passage of the Bill was secured with only one amendment of substance, relating to appeals to the Privy Council.
The Royal Assent was given to the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act on 9th July, 1900. At the last moment the Government of Western Australian decided to give the people of that colony an opportunity of joining the Commonwealth as an Original State. An Enabling Act was passed, and at a referendum taken on 31st August the Bill was carried by a large majority. On 17th September the Queen issued a Proclamation, under the Commonwealth Act, declaring that on and after 1st January, 1901, the colonies of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, and Tasmania, should be united in a Federal Commonwealth under the name of "The Commonwealth of Australia."
Thus, inspired by the consciousness of a common nationality, the people of the Australian colonies have broken down the barriers which divided them, and are about to realize Sir Henry Parkes' noble dream of "one people, one destiny."At the dawn of the twentieth century, "there will be, for the first time in the world's history, a nation for a continent, and a continent for a nation."
R. R. GARRAN.

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Dated 9th July 1900

ROYAL ASSENT

Her Majesty The Queen

Commonwealth of Australia
Constitution Act 1900

[Copyright] Published by special permission of the Trustees of the National Art Gallery of New South Wales

FACSIMILE OF THE ENDORSEMENT AND SEALS
OF THE COMMONWEALTH ACT

Photographed by special permission of the Trustees of the
National Art Gallery of New South Wales

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VICTORIA by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Queen Defender of the Faith. Our right trusty and right well beloved THE LORDS OF SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL and to Our trusty and well beloved THE KNIGHTS Citizens and Burgesses of the House of Commons in this present Parliament assembled Greeting:

WHEREAS in Our said Parliament an Act the short title whereof is COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA CONSTITUTION ACT, 1900, hath been agreed and accorded on by you Our loving Subjects the Lords of Spiritual and Temporal and the Commons in this Our present Parliament assembled is fully agreed and consented We cannot conveniently at this time be present in Our Royal Person in the Higher House of Our said Parliament being the accustomed place for giving Our Royal Assent to such Acts as have been agreed upon by you Our said subjects the Lords and Commons We have therefore caused these Our Letters Patent to be made and have signed the same and by the same Do give and put Our Royal Assent to the Said Act and to all articles clauses and provisions therein contained and have fully agreed and assented to the said Act Willing that the said Act and every article clause sentence and provision therein contained from henceforth shall be of the same strength force and effect as if We had been personally present in the said Higher House and had opening and publicly in the presence of you all assented to the same. We do by these presents declare and notify the same Our Royal Assent and will to you the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons aforesaid as to all others whom it may concern COMMANDING ALSO by these presents Our most dear Cousin and Cousin and Councillor Hardinge Stanley Earl of Halsbury Our Chancellor of that part of Our United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called Great Britain to seal these Our Letters Patent with Our Great Seal of Our United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland AND ALSO commanding our most dear and entirely beloved Sons and most faithful Councillors Albert Edward Prince of Wales, Arthur William Patrick Albert Duke of Connaught and Strathavon, Our most dear Grandson and most faithfully Councillor George Frederick Ernest Albert Duke of York, Our most dear Cousin and faithful Councillor George William Frederick Charles Duke of Cambridge, The Most Reverend Father in God and Our faithful Councillor Frederick Archbishop of Canterbury Primate of all England and Metropolitan, Our most dear Cousin and Councillor Hardinge Stanley Earl of Hulsbury Chancellor of that part of Our United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called Great Britain, The Most Reverence Father in God and Our faithful Councillor William Dalrymple Archbishop of York Primate of England and Metropolitan, Our most dear Cousins and Councillors Spencer Compton Duke of Devonshire President of Our Council, Richard Assheton Viscount Cross Keeper of Our Privy Seal, Sidney Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery Skward of Our Household, John Adrian Louis Earl of Hopetoun Chamberlain of Our Household, Algernon Hawkins Thomona Earl of Kintore and other Lords of Our Privy Council or any three or more of them to declare and notify that Our Royal Assent in Our absence in the said Higher House in the presence of you the said Lords and Commons of Our Parliament there to be assembled for that purpose and the Clerk of Our Parliaments to endorse the said Act with such terms and words in Our name as is requisite for the same and also to enrol these Our Letters Patent and the said Act in manner accustomed and these Our Letters Patent shall be to every of them a sufficient Warrant in that behalf AND finally We do declare and will that after this Our Royal Assent given and passed by these presents and declared and notified as is aforesaid then and immediately the said Act shall be taken accepted and admitted a good sufficient and perfect Act of Parliament and Law to all intents constructions and purposes and to be put in due execution accordingly the continuance or dissolution of this Our Parliament of any other use custom thing or things to the contrary thereof notwithstanding IN WITNESS whereof We have caused our Letters to be made Patent WITNESS Ourself at Westminister the ninth day of July in the Sixty four year of Our reign.

BY THE QUEEN HERSELF.

SIGNED WITH HER OWN HAND

MUIR MACKENZIE

Facsimile of her Majesty's Signature
To the Commonwealth Act and
Its endorsement.

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

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Government House, Sydney
Seat of the governor-general

[Image] Sydney Mail
T.R.H. Duke and Duchess of York,
Who came to Australia to Open the First Commonwealth Parliament.

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H.R.H. The Princess of Wales

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Her Majesty The Queen

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H.R.H. The Prince of Wales

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H.R.H. The Duke of York

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T.R.H. Prince Edward, Prince Albert & Princess Victoria of York

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H.R.H. The Duchess of York

The Royal Family

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

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The Hon. THOMAS HOLT,
Colonial Treasurer.

The Hon. SIR WM. MANNING,
Attorney-General.

The Hon. SIR STUART A. DONALDSON
Premier and Chief Secretary.

The Hon. J.B. DARVALL,
Solicitor-General.

The Hon. GEO. R. NICHOLLS,
Auditor-General

The First Australian Ministry Under Responsible Government, 1856.

[Image]
"Town and Country Journal."
Sydney in 1816.
[From a picture by C.A. Lesueur dated 1803
in (....., F and Freyonet, L.C.D. de. - Voyage de
decouvertes ... Atlas pl.38, 1807) F980
which see]

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

[Images : 49 photographs of New Zealand delegates]

New Zealand

The Delegates

Appointed to Represent the Colonies at the

National Australiasian Convention 1891

Copyright Autotype

Photo - J. Hubert Newman, Sydney

THE FIRST FEDERAL CONVENTION

[Captions under the images are in small print and faint in the original]

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

[Image}
Right Hon. George Huston Reid, P.C., Q.C.,
Who as Premier of New South Wales referred Federation to the People.

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Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain.
Secretary of State for the Colonies at the passing of Federation.

[Image] "Town and Country Journal."
Lord Beauchamp.
Who while Governor of New South Wales was an ardent Federalist.

[Image] "Town and Country Journal,"
Lord Hampden
Who did his best for Federation as New South Wales Governor.

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

The People's Federal Convention at Bathurst, 1896, which brought Federation into popular view.

[Image] Photo - Beavis Bros., Bathurst.
BATHURST CONVENTION SITTING

[Image] Photo - Beavis Bros., Bathurst.
DELEGATES TO THE BATHURST CONVENTION

Ald. E.C. Brown, Eaglehawk (Vic.) ;
Alderman W.S. Dowel, Bingara ;
Hon. Sydney Smith, Sydney;
John Meagher, J.P., Bathurst ;
Dr. John Quick, Bendigo (Vic.) ;
Hon. F.B. Suttor, Bathurst ;
Dr. Bassett, Bathurst ;
Dr. Machattie ;
Professor Gossman, Melbourne ;
Lieut.-Col. Davies, Tasmania ;
B.B. Nicoll ;
Rev. A.J. Webb, Bathurst ;
Ald. J.W. Withers, Parramatta ;
Fred. Pinkstone, Cootamundra ;
Ald. J.F. Stratton ;
Colin H. Campbell, Echuca ;
D. Mackenzie (Mayor), Young ;
M. Whitmee ;
Pro. E. Morris, M A , Mel. Univ ;
Edward Wilson, Corowa ;
James Martin, Sydney ;
Ald A.M. Milne (Mayor), Balmain ;
N.A. Webb LL.B, (Mayor) Port Augusta (S.A.) ;
James Inglis, Sydney ;
J.J. Richardson (Mayor), Goulburn ;
G.E. Machattie, Bathurst ;
J. Wade, Sydney ;
J.H. Curnow, Bendigo (Vic.) ;
J. Ryan, Wodonga ;
A.C. Barrett ;
A. Walker (Mayor), Paddington ;
Ald. John Turner, Prahran (Vic.) ;
George Wright, Bathurst ;
A. Shackel (Mayor), Grenfell ;
Ald W. Stevens, Botany ;
H.C. Matthews, Bathurst ;
Ed. Dowling, Sydney ;
Ald. W.T. Kett, Melbourne ;
T. Buckland, Croydon ;
J. Norton, Sydney ;
S. Cohen, Cootamundra ;
J.E. West, Sydney ;
T. Robson, Merewether ;
S.A. Byrne, Sydney ;
G.E. Flannery, B.A., LLB., Sydney ;
Ald. Geo. Howe, Seymour (Vic.) ;
Ald. R. Simpson, Merewether ;
S.H. Dickson, Cootamundra ;
A.H. Clapin ;
John T. Renahan ;
N. Muller ;
F. Corlette ;
J.T. Spear, Granville ;
N. Melville, Ashfield ;
R.W. Peacock, Perth (N.S.W.) ;
B. Pryor ;
R. Cowan, B.A. ;
Ald. V. Braye, Waratah ;
H. Macdonnell, Cooma;
M'Geoch, Mulwala ;
N.A. Webb ;
H. Hay, Collendina ;
F.J. Gorman, Berrigan ;
Ald. J. O'Mara, Stockton ;
J.H. Barclay (Mayor, Wickham ;
Ald. C. W.B. Halliday, Warren ;
J. Foster ;
M. Meagher, Bathurst ;
Rev. F.C. M'Lean ;
C.T. Brewen, Corowa ;
A. Pymont, Hill End ;
Ald. E. Rees (Mayor), Stockton ;
S.A. Rosa, Sydney ;
T.J. West, Shepparton (Vic.) ;
Donald Cormack, Rookwood ;
Dr. S.A. Alcorn, East Maitland ;
Ald. W.C. Smith, Auburn ;
John Boyd, Bathurst ;
Ald. E. Terry, Ryde ;
J. Kidd, Campbelltown ;
J. Struthers (Mayor), Warren ;
Rev. G.S. Oakes, Kelso ;
A.C. Hammond, Warringa ;
W.F. Kellett, Mudgee ;
Ald. R.M. Higgins (Mayor), Braidwood ;
K. Mackay, M.L.A., Burrowa ;
E.D. Millen, Bourke ;
T. Rolin, M.A., Sydney ;
J. Lee, jun., Bathurst ;
Ald. H. Langwill, Waratah ;
D.R. Brown, Sydney ;
W. Finkernagel (Mayor), Bingara ;
G.C. Balls, Sydney ;
S. Hills, Sydney ;
F.W. Niven, Ballarat (Vic.) ; A. Reid ;
Ald. Ben. Pryor, Greta ;
Ald. C. Blyth, Sebastopol (Vic.) ;
Ald. J. Wilson, Armidale ;
S.H. Glover, Aberdeen ;
Rev. Dean Marriott, Bathurst ;
W. Kite, Kelso ;
T. Smith, (Major), Newcastle ;
Alex Bell (Mayor), Ballarat ;
R.R. Garran, Sydney ;
J. Buckland, Croydon ;
Cowper, Sydney ;
R.B. Wilkinson ;
J.T. Walker, Sydney ;
A.W. Meeks, Sydney ;
W.F. Hurley, M.L.A., Wattle Flat ;
Rev. R.G. Becher, B.A., Bathurst ;
W. Epps, Sydney ;
G.L.M. Skelton, Sydney ;
W.H. Paul, Bathurst ;
Ald. H. M'Namara, Glebe ;
J.J. Miller, Cootamundra ;
S.H. Gannon, Lithgow ;
J. Beveridge, Lithgow ;
W.M. Burns, J.P., Sydney ;
H. Mills ;
W. Robner, Cobran (Vic.) ;
W.B. Creer, Waratah ;
Ald. James, Eaglehawk (Vic.)

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

[52 images]

THE FEDERAL CONVENTION
Sydney 1897

J. Hubert Newman
Photographer
Sydney

Copyright

[Captions under photographs illegible]

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

Officers of the Australian Federal League in New South Wales,
Which ran the Election for the New South Wales Federal Party.

[Image]
Organising Committee, United Federal Executive.

Standing. - Reading left to right -

W.A. Lloyd; D.J. Gilbert, Assistant Secretary S.A. Byrne; J.P. West; T. Jessep, M.P.; Dr. Hodgson; Mark Hammond; J.P. Atkinson; G. Lewis; H.H. Cornelius, Assistant Secretary; F.J. Brothers; Atler Hunt, Hon. General Secretary, U.F.E.; Hon. E.W. O'Sullivan; J.M. Chanter.

Sitting - Reading left to right -

W.H. Vivian; Captain Strachan; A.J. Reynolds; P.J. Quinn, M.P.; Norman;
Hon. H. Copeland.

One People
 One Destiny
 One Flag

"Sydney Mail"

FEDERAL BADGE

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FINANCE COMMITTEE

Standing: Reading left to right - Bruce Smith, Hon. Treasurer; F.D. Kent; J.T. Walker; A.W. Gilles; J.P. Wright; D Thomson, M.P., Hon Treasurer.

Sitting: Reading left to right - F.B. Freehill, Hon. Treasurer; Dr. Hay; F.T. Sargood; E. Dowling, J.P., Hon. Secretary; Hon. A.W. Meeks, Chairman.

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Sir Gerard Smith, K.C.M.G., West Australia

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Lord Tennyson, K.C.M.G., South Australia

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His Honor Sir Frederick Matthew Darley, K.C.M.G., C.J., N.S.W.

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Lord Lamington, K.C.M.G., Queensland

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Hon. Sir John Madden, K.B., Victoria

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Viscount Gormanston, G.C.M.G., Tasmania

GOVERNORS OF THE STATES

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A FEDERAL SESSION IN THE NEW SOUTH WALES PARLIAMENT HOUSE.

Photo - Kerry & Co., Sydney.

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

Delegates to the Australian Federal Conference at Adelaide, 1897.

Front Row - Sir J.P. Abbott (N.S.W.)
Sir R.C. Baker (S.A.), Chairman of Committees. Sir G. Berry, (Vic.)
Sir E.N. Braddon (T.) Hon. G.H. Reid (N.S.W.)
Hon. C.C. Kingston, Q.C. (S.A.) President. Sir G. Turner (Vic.)
Sir J. Forrest (W.A.) Sir W.A. Zeal (Vic.) Hon. A. Douglas (T.)
N.J. Brown (T.)

Second Row - Hon. J.H. Carruthers (N.S.W.) Hon. J.N. Brunker (N.S.W.)

Third Row - Sir J.G. Lee-Steere (W.A.) Hon. C.H. Grant (T.) W.T. Loton (W.) W. McMillan (N.S.W.) Hon. S. Fraser (Vic.) Hon. I.A. Isaacs (Vic.)
Dr. J. Quick (Vic.) Hon. A. Deakin (Vic.)
Edmund Barton, Q.C. (N.S.W.), Leader. Hon. R.E. O'Connor (N.S.W.)
J. Henry (T.) W.J. Lyne (N.S.W.) Sir P.O. Fysh (T.) Hon. J.H. Gordon (S.A.) R.F. Sholl (W.A.) Hon. J.W. Hackett (W.A.) Sir J.W. Downes Q.C. (S.A.)

Fourth Row - V.L. Solomon (S.A.) E.G. Blackmore (Clerk).
P.McM. Glynn (S.A.) A.V. Hassell (W.A.) G. Leake (W.A.)
Hon. F.W. Holder (S.A.) H.B. Dobson (T.) N.E. Lewis (T)
Hon. J.H. Howe (S.A.) Hon. J.A. Cockburn (S.A.) Hon. F.H. Piesse (W.A.) W. James (W.A.) Hon. J Howard Taylor (W.A.) Hon A.J. Peacock (Vic.)
M.J. Clarke (T.) Hon. W. Moore (T.) W.A. Trenwith (Vic.)
J.T. Walker (N.S.W.) J.H. Symon, Q.C. (S.A.) H.B. Higgins (Vic.)

Photo - J. McGann, Adelaide

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

FEDERAL CONVENTION MEMBERS' ROLL

Signatures of the Delegates

Published by Special Permission of The Australasian, Victoria

NEW SOUTH WALES

Edmund Barton
George Houston Reid
Joseph Hector Carruthers
William McMillan
Sir William John Lyne
James Nixon Brunker
Richard Edmund O'Connor
Sir Joseph Palmer Abbott
James Thomas Walker
Bernard Ringrose Wise

VICTORIA

Sir George Turner
John Quick
Alfred Deakin
Alexander James Peacock
Isaac Alfred Isaacs
William Arthur Trenwith
Sir Graham Berry
Simon Frazer
Sir William Austin Zeal
Henry Bournes Higgins

TASMANIA

Sir Philip Oakley Fysh
Sir Edward Nicholas Coventry Braddon
Henry Dobson
John Henry
Neil E. Lewis
Nicholas John Brown
Charles Henry Grant
Adye Douglas
William Moore
Matthew John Clark

SOUTH AUSTRALIA

Charles Cameron Kingston
Frederick William Holder
John Alexander Cockburn
Sir Richard Chaffey Baker
John Hannah Gordon
Josiah Henry Symon
Sir John William Downer
Patrick McMahon Glynn
James Henderson Howe
Vaiden Louis Solomon

WEST AUSTRALIA

Sir John Forrest
Sir James George Lee Steere
George Leake
Walter Hartwell James
Albert Young Hassell
John Winthrop Hackett
Harry Whittall Venn
Frederick Thomas Crowder
Andrew Harriott Henning
Henry Briggs

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH

A Sitting of the Federal Conference.

[Image] Photo - "Talma", Sydney and Melbourne.

Parliament House, Adelaide

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THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH