Languages of Congo
See language map.[See also SIL publications on the languages of Congo.]
Republic of Congo. République du Congo. Congo Brazzaville. Formerly People's Republic of the Congo. 2,998,040. National or official languages: Lingala, Kituba, French. Literacy rate: 63% to 80% (1996). Also includes Greek (400), Hausa (4,000), Portuguese (600), Sango (54,000). Information mainly from A. Jacquot 1971; J. Bendor-Samuel 1989; SIL 1982–2003. Blind population: 4,000 (1982 WCE). The number of languages listed for Congo is 62. Of those, all are living languages.
Living languages
| Aka | [axk] 15,000 in Congo (1986 Cavalli-Storza). Northeast corner. Alternate names: Babinga, Binga, Beka, Mòáka, Yaka. Dialects: Basese (Eastern Aka), Bambenzele (Western Aka). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngando (C.10) |
| Akwa | [akw] 24,147 (2000 WCD). Cuvette Region, Makoua District. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30) |
| Bangandu | [bgf] Sangha Region, along the Cameroon border. Alternate names: Bagando, Bangando. Dialects: Baagato, North Bangato. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Southwest |
| Beembe | [beq] 3,200 (2004). Bouenza Region, district of Mouyondzi. Alternate names: Kibeembe, Bembe. Dialects: Keenge (Kikeenge), Yari (Kiyari). Dialect cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Bekwil | [bkw] 9,600 in Congo (2003). Population total all countries: 12,060. Sangha Region, parallel to the border with Cameroon, from close to the Gabon border almost to Ouesso. Also spoken in Cameroon, Gabon. Alternate names: Bakwele, Bakwil, Bekwel. Dialects: Close to Konabembe. Lexical similarity 85% with Koonzime. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80) |
| Bobangi | [bni] 60,369 in Congo (2000 WCD). On Congo River, Cuvette Region, Mossaka District. Alternate names: Bubangi, Lobobangi, Rebu, Dzamba, Bungi, Bangi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Bangi-Ntomba (C.40) |
| Bomitaba | [zmx] 9,599 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 9,823. Likouala Region, Epena District, along Likouala-aux-Herbes River. Also spoken in Central African Republic. Alternate names: Mbomitaba, Mbomotaba, Bamitaba. Dialects: Northern Bomitaba (Matoki), Central Bomitaba (Epena). Related to Bongili. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20) |
| Bomwali | [bmw] 33,203 in Congo (2002). Population total all countries: 39,280. Sangha Region, around Ouesso. Also spoken in Cameroon. Alternate names: Bomali, Boumoali, Bumali, Lino, Sangasanga. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80) |
| Bongili | [bui] 4,000. Sangha Region, on and near Sangha River, southeast of Ouesso, as far as Pikounda area and southwest of Ouesso, Liouesso area. Alternate names: Bongiri, Bungili, Bungiri, Bokiba. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20) |
| Bonjo | [bok] 3,000. Likouala Region, on and near Oubangui, Motaba, and Ibenga rivers, Dongou and Impfondo districts. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, East |
| Bwisi | [bwz] 3,018 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 4,248. Niari Region, Kibangou District, Banda area, on Gabon border. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Ibwisi, Mbwisi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Sira (B.40) |
| Dibole | [bvx] 4,000 (1989 SIL). Ethnic population: 4,000 to 5,000. Southern half of the Epena District, northeastern Congo, 16 villages. Alternate names: Babole, Southern Bomitaba. Dialects: Northern Dibole (Dzeke), Central Dibole (Kinami), Southern Dibole (Bouanila). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20) |
| Doondo | [dde] 3,018 (2000 WCD). Bouenza Region; Nkayi, Madingou, Mfouati, and Boko-Songho districts. Alternate names: Kidoondo, Dondo. Dialects: A member of the Kongo cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Fang | [fan] 6,037 in Congo (2000 WCD). Few speakers in Congo. Small area in extreme northwest. Alternate names: Pamue, Pahouin. Dialects: Make, Ntum, Ogowe. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Yaunde-Fang (A.70) |
| French | [fra] 28,000 in Congo (1993). Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French |
| Gbaya | [gya] 2,000 in Congo (1993 Johnstone). Sangha Region, a few scattered areas on Cameroon border. Alternate names: Baya, Northwest Gbaya. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Northwest |
| Kaamba | [xku] 3,018 (2000 WCD). Bouenza Region; Nkayi, Madingou, Mfouati, and Boko-Songho districts. Alternate names: Kikaamba. Dialects: A member of the Kongo cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Kako | [kkj] 9,055 in Congo (2002). Scattered areas in extreme north of Likouala Region, on Ibenga and Motaba rivers. Alternate names: Kaka, Yaka, Nkoxo. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Kako (A.90) |
| Kituba | [mkw] 1,156,800 (1987 SIL). Spoken mainly between Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire. Alternate names: Munukutuba, Kikoongo. Dialects: Close to Kituba of Democratic Republic of the Congo. Classification: Creole, Kongo based |
| Koongo | [kng] Pool Region, around Boko, west and northwest of Brazzaville. Alternate names: Kikongo, Congo, Kikoongo. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Kota | [koq] 9,055 in Congo (2000 WCD). Cuvette Region, west of Mbomo; Sangha Region, Liouesso area. Primarily in Gabon. Alternate names: Ikota, Ikuta. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20) |
| Koyo | [koh] 1,000. Cuvette Region, Owando District, around Owando. Alternate names: Ekoyo, Kouyou. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30) |
| Kunyi | [njx] 52,000 (1984 census). Bouenza and Niari regions, south and southeast from Makabana to the Democratic Republic of the Congo border. Alternate names: Kikunyi, Kugni. Dialects: Nyaanga (Kinyaanga). A member of the Kongo cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Laari | [ldi] 90,553 in Congo (2000 WCD). South of Pool Region, west and northwest of Brazzaville. Also spoken in Angola. Alternate names: Lari, Laadi, Ladi, Kilari. Dialects: Ghaangala (Kighaangala, Hangala). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Likuba | [kxx] 30,184 (2000 WCD). Cuvette Region, on the Congo River, just above the mouth of the Sangha River. Alternate names: Kuba. Dialects: Mutual intelligibility with Likwala. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30) |
| Likwala | [kwc] 45,276 (2000 WCD). Cuvette Region, on lower reaches of the Likouala-Mossaka, Sangha, and Likouala-aux-Herbes rivers. Alternate names: Likouala, Kwala, Ekwala. Dialects: Mutual intelligibility with Likuba. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30) |
| Lingala | [lin] 90,553 in Congo (2000 WCD). Spoken mainly in Brazzaville and the north of Congo. Alternate names: Ngala. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Bangi-Ntomba (C.40), Lusengo |
| Lumbu | [lup] 3,018 in Congo (2000 WCD). Niari Region, Kibangou District, between Kibangou and Gabon border. Alternate names: Ilumbu. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Sira (B.40) |
| Mbandja | [zmz] 9,055 in Congo (2000). Extreme north of Likouala Region, close to Oubangui River. Alternate names: Mbanza, Mbanja, Banja. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Banda, Southern |
| Mbangwe | [zmn] 1,509 in Congo (2000 WCD). Lekoumou Region, small groups in Bambama District. Alternate names: Mbahouin, M'bahouin. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20) |
| Mbere | [mdt] 60,369 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 105,882. Cuvette-West Region, Kelle and northern Ewo districts. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Mbédé, Mbété, Limbede. Dialects: Ngwii. Related to Kaningi, Ndumu, Yangho. Lexical similarity 77% with Mbamba, 76% with Ngungwel, 74% with Teghe, 70% with Tsaayi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Mbere (B.60) |
| Mboko | [mdu] 27,166 (2000 WCD). Cuvette Region, western part of Makoua District. Alternate names: Mboxo, Mbuku. Dialects: Ngare. A dialect cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30) |
| Mbosi | [mdw] 108,361 (2000 WCD). Cuvette Region, Owando and Mossaka districts, but not as far north as Owando. Plateaux Region, Abala District. Alternate names: Mboshi, Mbochi, Mboshe, Embosi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Mbosi (C.30) |
| Moi | [mow] 3,018 (2000 WCD). West bank of Oubangui River, at mouth of Alima River, south of Mossaka. Alternate names: Lemoi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Bangi-Ntomba (C.40) |
| Monzombo | [moj] 6,000 in Congo (1993 Johnstone). Population total all countries: 12,600. Extreme northeast, on Oubangui River. Also spoken in Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Alternate names: Monjombo, Mondjembo, Munzombo. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka, Western, Monzombo |
| Mpyemo | [mcx] Sangha Region, along Cameroon border. Alternate names: Mpo, Mbimu, Bimu, Mbimou, Mbyemo. Dialects: Jasoa (Jasua), Bidjuki (Bidjouki), Mpyemo. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80) |
| Ndasa | [nda] 4,528 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 6,988. Lekoumou Region, west of Zanaga. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Andasa. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20) |
| Ngbaka | [nga] 3,652 in Congo (2000 WCD). Likouala Region, small group on west bank of Oubangui River, midway between Impfondo and confluence with the Congo River. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, East |
| Ngbaka Ma'bo | [nbm] 90,553 in Congo (2000 WCD). Alternate names: Ngbaka Limba, Mbaka, Mbacca, Bwaka, Bouaka, Nbwaka, Gbala, Ma'bo. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, North, Adamawa-Ubangi, Ubangi, Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka, Western, Bwaka |
| Ngom | [nra] 4,528 in Congo (2000). Cuvette-West Region, northwest of Mbomo. Alternate names: Ungom, Angom, Bangom, Bangomo, Ongom. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20) |
| Ngundi | [ndn] 3,000 in Congo (2004). Sangha Region, east of Ouesso. Also spoken in Central African Republic. Alternate names: Ingundi, Ngondi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, C, Ngundi (C.20) |
| Ngungwel | [ngz] 45,000 (1988 SIL). Plateaux Province, Gamboma District. Alternate names: Ngungulu, Ngangoulou, Engungwel, Northeastern Teke. Dialects: Mpu (Mpumpum). Lexical similarity 89% with Boo, 81% with Kukua, 77% with Teghe, 76% with Tsaayi and Mbere, 75% with Tyee, 68% with Laali, 61% with Yaa. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Njebi | [nzb] 15,092 in Congo (2000). Niari Province, Mayoko District. Alternate names: Nzebi, Injebi, Ndjabi, Njevi, Binzabi, Njabi, Yinzebi, Yinjebi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Njebi (B.50) |
| Njyem | [njy] 3,500 in Congo. 85% monolingual. Sangha Region, Souanke District, along paths leading north to Cameroon. Alternate names: Ndzem, Dzem, Nyem, Ndjem, Njem, Djem, Ndjeme, Ngyeme. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Makaa-Njem (A.80) |
| Ombamba | [mbm] 15,092 in Congo (2000). Lekoumou Region, Bambama District. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Lembaamba, Mbama, Mbamba, Mbaama. Dialects: Lexical similarity 81% with Teghe, 77% with Mbere, 66% with Tsaayi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Mbere (B.60) |
| Pomo | [pmm] 5,433 in Congo (2000 WCD). Sangha Region, north of Ouesso, on borders with Cameroon and Central African Republic. Not in Central African Republic. Alternate names: Pol, Pori, Pul, Congo Pol. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Kako (A.90) |
| Punu | [puu] 9,055 in Congo (2000 WCD). Total of all Sira-Punu languages in Congo 80,000. Spoken in Nyari Region toward the Gabon border. Alternate names: Ipunu, Yipunu, Puno, Pouno, Ipounou. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Sira (B.40) |
| Suundi | [sdj] 120,737 (2000 WCD). Around Kimongo in Bouenza and Niari regions, south and southeast from Makabana to the Democratic Republic of the Congo border. Alternate names: Kisuundi, Suundi de Kimongo. Dialects: A member of the Kongo cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Teke-Eboo | [ebo] 20,379 in Congo (2000 WCD). 454,000 all Teke languages in Congo (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk). Pool Region eastward to Congo River. Also spoken in Democratic Republic of the Congo. Alternate names: Boma, Boo, Boõ, Iboo, Eboom, Bamboma, Eboo Teke, Central Teke, Teke-Boma. Dialects: Eboo is the language of the ancient Teke kings. Lexical similarity 63% with Iyaa, 69% with Laali, 75% with Tsaayi, 85% with Tyee, 86% with Kukua, 89% with Ngungwel, 79% with Tege. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Fuumu | [ifm] 8,150 (2000 WCD). Pool Region. Fuumu is immediately north of Brazzaville; Wuumu extends north and northwest to the Lefini River. Alternate names: Kiteke, Teke du Pool, South Central Teke. Dialects: Fuumu (Ifuumu, Mfumu), Wuumu (Iwuumu, Wumbu). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Ibali | [tek] 36,221 in Congo (2000 WCD). On Congo River, Pool Region, close to Brazzaville. Alternate names: Kiteke, Ibali, Eastern Teke. Dialects: Ngee. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Kukuya | [kkw] 38,787 (2000 WCD). Plateaux Province, Lekana District, east of Leketi River. Alternate names: Kukwa, Kikuwa, Chikuya, Koukouya, Southern Teke. Dialects: Lexical similarity 86% with Boo, 85% with Tyee, 81% with Ngungwel, 80% with Tsaayi, 79% with Teghe, 75% with Laali, 70% with Yaa. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Laali | [lli] Lekoumou Region, south of Komono. Alternate names: Ilaali. Dialects: Lexical similarity 81% with Tsaayi, 78% with Tyee. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Nzikou | [nzu] 490,000 all Teke languages in Congo (1993 Johnstone). Plateaux Region, around Djambala. Alternate names: Njyunjyu, Njiunjiu. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Tege | [teg] 49,291 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population includes 9,000 Nzkini, 15,000 Teghe. Population total all countries: 65,036. Cuvette Region, Ewo and Okoyo districts. Some in Plateaux Region, Abala District, west of Mpama River. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Teghe, Iteghe, Teke Alima, Teke Kali, Northern Teke. Dialects: Kateghe (Nzikini), Keteghe. Lexical similarity 81% with Mbamba, 79% with Kukua, 77% with Ngungwel, 76% with Boo, 75% with Tyee, 74% with Mbere, 73% with Laali and Tsaayi, 67% with Teghe. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Tsaayi | [tyi] 95,926 (2000 WCD). Lekoumou Region, to the north, east of Mossendjo. Alternate names: Getsaayi, Tsaya, Tsaye, Tsayi. Dialects: Lexical similarity 76% with Tyee, 80% with Kukua. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Teke-Tyee | [tyx] 14,400. 490,000 all Teke languages in Congo (1993 Johnstone). Lekoumou Region, Bouenza. Alternate names: West Teke. Dialects: Lexical similarity 85% with Kukuya and Eboo. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Tsaangi | [tsa] 13,583 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 22,194. Niari Region, north and northwest of Mossendjo. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Itsangi, Tcengui, Tchangui, Icaangi. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Njebi (B.50) |
| Vili | [vif] 7,305 in Congo (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 10,995. Kouilou Province, along the coast between the Angola and Gabon borders. Yoombe Island. Also spoken in Gabon. Alternate names: Tsivili, Civili, Fiote, Fiot. Dialects: Yoombe (Yombe, Ciyoombe). A dialect cluster. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
| Wumbvu | [wum] Niari Region, northward to the Gabonese border. Alternate names: Wumvu. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Kele (B.20) |
| Yaka | [iyx] 10,000 (1988). Lekoumou Region, in and around Sibiti. Alternate names: West Teke, Yaa, Iyaka. Dialects: Lexical similarity 91% with Laali, 74% with Tsaayi, 69% with Tyee. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, B, Teke (B.70) |
| Yombe | [yom] 347,723 in Congo (2000 WCD). Alternate names: Kiyombe, Kiombi, Bayombe. Dialects: Mbala (Mumbala), Vungunya (Kivungunya, Yombe Classique). Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Kongo (H.10) |
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