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Famine in Africa
Spiers, BE
IN: Satellite Remote Sensing for Agricultural Projects. World Bank Technical Paper No. 128. World Bank Publications, Washington, DC. 1990. p 115-119.
Sudan and the Sahelian region of Africa experienced a multiyear drought during the early 1980s. The Sudanese government and officials of the food donor nations were greatly concerned that even though it appeared that the country as a whole might have a grain production surplus, indications were that localized deficits would occur. These areas needed to be identified and relief measures taken. Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) data , coupled with information about cropping patterns, was used to estimated the 1985 sorghum and millet crop areas for the eastern Sudan. The project area covered approximately 51.4 million acres, and cropping practices are typically either part of several large irrigation projects, fixed crop rotations, large dryland parastatal farms, or share-cropping areas. Intensive and extensive ground observations were gathered in the project area, using 12 Landsat images, aerial photographs, and ground data. MSS digital data, using computer compatible tapes (CCTs) and 1:1 ,000,000 false color transparencies, of the 12 scenes were received within one week of acquisition. Digital classification procedures tend to overestimate vegetative classes. A formal accuracy assessment was not performed during this project due to lack of systematically collected ground truth and time constraints. The official millet and grain sorghum area for mechanized-demarcated acreage published in late 1986 was 7.2 million acres, and the satellite-based estimate of December 1985 was 6.6 million acres, a difference of less than 8%. The application of Landsat-MSS satellite data was ideal for this project because of the large fields, almost single-crop agriculture, and uniform growth stage. The total cost for the remote sensing project was less than $1.50 (US) per sq mi of the total area surveyed. (See also W91-10084) (Fish-PTT)
 Descriptors: Africa | Agricultural engineering | Crop production | Drought effects | Landsat images | Remote sensing | Sahel | Satellite technology | Sudan | Crop yield | Cropland | Data acquisition | Data collections | Grain crops | Sorghum
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