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Singapore — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Singapore is 22,0001

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) in Singapore is 0.51 firearms per 100 people

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Number of Privately Owned Rifles

In Singapore, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 1032

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Number of Privately Owned Shotguns

In Singapore, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 2142

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Number of Privately Owned Handguns

There are reportedly 4762 handguns in civilian possession in Singapore

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Singapore ranked at No. 1633

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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Singapore ranked at No. 1691

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Number of Registered Firearms

The number of registered guns in Singapore is reported to be 7952

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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

The rate of registered guns per 100 people in Singapore is 0.024

Government Guns

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Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Singapore are reported to have 563,7505 firearms

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Singapore are reported to have 46,2006 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Singapore, annual homicides by any means total

2013: 177
2011: 168
2010: 19
2009: 25
2008: 18
2007: 18
2006: 178 9
2005: 21
2004: 198 10
2003: 24
2002: 228
2001: 30
2000: 378 11
1999: 40
1998: 37
1997: 398
1996: 31
1995: 51

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Singapore, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2013: 0.37
2011: 0.38
2010: 0.4
2009: 0.5
2008: 0.4
2007: 0.4
2006: 0.399 8
2005: 0.49
2004: 0.5010 8
2003: 0.57
2002: 0.58
2001: 0.8
2000: 0.9211 8
1999: 1.01
1998: 0.94
1997: 1.18
1996: 0.9
1995: 1.5
1994: 1.7112

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Gun Homicides

ChartIn Singapore, annual firearm homicides total

2006: 19
2005: 0
2004: 010
2003: 0
2000: 111

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Singapore, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2006: 0.029
2005: 0.00
2004: 0.0010
2003: 0.00
2000: 0.0211
1994: 0.0713

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Suicides (any method)

In Singapore, annual suicides by any means total 1998: 37114

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Singapore, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

1998: 8.7214
1994: 14.0615

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Gun Suicides

In Singapore, annual firearm suicides total 1998: 514

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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Singapore, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

1998: 0.1214
1994: 0.1716

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Unintentional Gun Deaths

In Singapore, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 1998: 114

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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Singapore, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

1998: 0.0214
1994: 0.0017

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Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

In Singapore, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 1998: 014

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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Singapore, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

1998: 0.0014
1994: 0.0018

ProductionGun Industry

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Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Singapore, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence19

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Small Arms Manufacture - World Ranking

In a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Singapore is ranked 'medium'20

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

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Regulation of Firearm Exports

In Singapore, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law19 21

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Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Singapore is reported by Customs to be US$11,831,50022 (2011)23

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Small Arms Exports - World Ranking

In a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Singapore is categorized as 'unknown'24

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Regulation of Firearm Imports

In Singapore, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law19 25

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Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Singapore is reported by Customs to be US$3,033,81722 (2011)26

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Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Singapore is negligible2

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Singapore, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law27

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Singapore do not include28 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

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Transparency of Small Arms Transfers

In the most recent survey of state transparency in declaring firearm and ammunition exports among major small arms exporting nations, Singapore was ranked at No. 4529

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Singapore is categorised as restrictive30

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Singapore includes the Arms and Explosives Act 200331 and the Arms Offences Act32

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Singapore are regulated by the Licensing Officer appointed by the Minister of Interior33 34

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Singapore, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law35 28

Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

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Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In Singapore, private possession of fully automatic weapons is not specifically prohibited in law28 36 7

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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Singapore, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is not specifically prohibited in law28 36

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Regulation of Handguns

In Singapore, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is not specifically prohibited in law28 36 7

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Law Regulates Long Guns

In Singapore, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law7

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Gun Ownership and Possession

In Singapore, only licensed gun owners19 37 38 7 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Singapore are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example sports shooting and self-protection39 40 41 42 43

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Singapore is 18 for sports shooting39 and 21 for self-protection41

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Singapore must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental, medical, and Gun Club Membership39 41 33 7 records

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Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Singapore, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required28

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Singapore does not stipulate28 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Firearm Safety Training

In Singapore, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required41 43 for a firearm licence

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Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Singapore, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every two years44 38

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Licensing Records

In Singapore, authorities maintain a record36 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Singapore are permitted to possess any number of firearms28

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Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in Singapore are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition28

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Singapore, the law requires36 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Singapore, licensed firearm dealers are required45 46 36 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Singapore, licensed gun makers are required45 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

Gun Sales and Transfers

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Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Singapore, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited47

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Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Singapore, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful47

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Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Singapore, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined28

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Regulation of Gun Shows

In Singapore, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated28 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Singapore include42 40 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Singapore do not include28 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Singapore do not include28 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm Tracing

In Singapore, state authorities do not carry out28 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Singapore, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not28 recorded in a register

Carrying Guns

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Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Singapore, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit42 7

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Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Singapore, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit42 7

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Singapore, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm48 is up to 10 years prison and 6 strokes of the cane49 44

MeasuresInternational Controls

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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was not signed50 by Singapore.

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United Nations Arms Trade Treaty

The United Nations Arms Trade Treaty has been signed, but not yet ratified51 by Singapore

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has not been signed52 by Singapore

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Singapore committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects53

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Singapore has yet to submit a national report54 55 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Singapore, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated56 55

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated55 by Singapore to other UN Member States

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United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Singapore has not declared57 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Singapore has been a Member State of the United Nations since 196558

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list59 Singapore as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Link
Global Peace Index

To see where Singapore ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index


Short References

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Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

2.

United Nations.1999.‘Analysis of Country Responses.’ United Nations International Study on Firearm Regulation.Vienna:UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division,30 August. (Q1)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q6)Full Citation

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UNODC.2004.‘Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed.’ Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (1998-2000).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,19 March. (Q91)Full Citation

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Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1298)Full Citation

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Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1299)Full Citation

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Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1300)Full Citation

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Singapore.2003.‘Licences Required in Respect of Guns, Arms, Explosives, etc..’ Arms and Explosives Act 2003 (Chapter 13) [Revised Edition with Amendments to 2010].Singapore:Parliament of Singapore,21 March. (Q1115)Full Citation

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Singapore.2003.‘Minister May Prohibit Exportation by Notification.’ Arms and Explosives Act 2003 (Chapter 13) [Revised Edition with Amendments to 2010].Singapore:Parliament of Singapore,21 March. (Q5177)Full Citation

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Marsh, Nicholas.2013.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,14 February. (Q16)Full Citation

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Pavesi, Irene and Christelle Rigual.2013.‘Annexes 8.1: Major Exporters.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,2 July. (Q8485)Full Citation

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Small Arms Survey.2001.‘60 Known Legal Small Arms Exporting Countries, 2001.’ Small Arms Survey 2001: Profiling the Problem.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q867)Full Citation

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Singapore.2003.‘Knowingly Concealing Arms, etc., Imported Without Licence.’ Arms and Explosives Act 2003 (Chapter 13) [Revised Edition with Amendments to 2010].Singapore:Parliament of Singapore,21 March. (Q5180)Full Citation

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30.

Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

31.

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32.

Singapore.1973.‘Short Title.’ Arms Offences Act (Chapter 14) [Revised Edition 2008].Singapore:Parliament of Singapore,8 February. (Q1126)Full Citation

33.

Singapore.2003.‘Restrictions on Issuing of Licences.’ Arms and Explosives Act 2003 (Chapter 13) [Revised Edition with Amendments to 2010].Singapore:Parliament of Singapore,21 March. (Q1117)Full Citation

34.

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