Identification
- Summary
-
Thiamine is a vitamin used to correct vitamin B1 deficiency.
- Brand Names
-
Alertonic, Concept Ob, Fortaplex, Infuvite, Infuvite Pediatric, Irospan 24/6 Kit, Mvc-fluoride, Mvi Pediatric, Natafort, Neo-bex, Pregvit, Tandem Plus, Vitafol-one
- Generic Name
- Thiamine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00152
- Background
-
Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with the chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine decomposes if heated. Thiamine was first discovered by Umetaro Suzuki in Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy. It is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems. Thiamine cannot be stored in the body; however, once absorbed, the vitamin is concentrated in muscle tissue.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical, Vet approved
- Structure
-
Structure for Thiamine (DB00152)
- Weight
-
Average: 265.355
Monoisotopic: 265.112306876 - Chemical Formula
- C12H17N4OS
- Synonyms
-
- Aneurin
- Antiberiberi factor
- Thiamin
- Thiamine
- thiamine(1+)
- thiamine(1+) ion
- thiaminium
- Thiaminum
- Tiamina
- Vitamin B1
Pharmacology
- Indication
-
For the treatment of thiamine and niacin deficiency states, Korsakov's alcoholic psychosis, Wernicke-Korsakov syndrome, delirium, and peripheral neuritis.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning models
with evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets. - Associated Conditions
-
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Anemia Combination Product in combination with: Flavin mononucleotide (DB03247), Nicotinamide (DB02701) ••• ••• ••••••••••• •••••••• ••••••• ••• •••••••• Used in combination to treat Anemia Combination Product in combination with: Flavin mononucleotide (DB03247), Nicotinamide (DB02701) ••• ••• ••••••••••• •••••••• ••••••• ••• •••••••• Used in combination to treat Anemia Combination Product in combination with: Nicotinamide (DB02701), Flavin mononucleotide (DB03247) ••• ••• ••••••••••• •••••••• ••••••• ••• •••••••• Used in combination to treat B12 deficiency anemia Combination Product in combination with: Flavin mononucleotide (DB03247), Nicotinamide (DB02701) ••• ••• ••••••• ••• •••••••• Treatment of Beriberi •••••••••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
-
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API - Pharmacodynamics
-
Thiamine is a vitamin with antioxidant, erythropoietic, cognition-and mood-modulatory, antiatherosclerotic, putative ergogenic, and detoxification activities. Thiamine has been found to protect against lead-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney. Thiamine deficiency results in selective neuronal death in animal models. The neuronal death is associated with increased free radical production, suggesting that oxidative stress may play an important early role in brain damage associated with thiamine deficiency. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation may also promote atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells in culture have been found to have a decreased proliferative rate and delayed migration in response to hyperglycemic conditions. Thiamine has been shown to inhibit this effect of glucose on endothelial cells.
- Mechanism of action
-
It is thought that the mechanism of action of thiamine on endothelial cells is related to a reduction in intracellular protein glycation by redirecting the glycolytic flux. Thiamine is mainly the transport form of the vitamin, while the active forms are phosphorylated thiamine derivatives. Natural derivatives of thiamine phosphate, such as thiamine monophosphate (ThMP), thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), also sometimes called thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), thiamine triphosphate (ThTP), and thiamine triphosphate (AThTP), that act as coenzymes in addition to their each unique biological functions.
Target Actions Organism AThiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 substrateHumans - Absorption
-
Absorbed mainly from duodenum, by both active and passive processes
- Volume of distribution
-
Not Available
- Protein binding
-
90-94%
- Metabolism
-
Hepatic
- Route of elimination
-
Not Available
- Half-life
-
Not Available
- Clearance
-
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
-
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data. - Toxicity
-
Thiamine toxicity is uncommon; as excesses are readily excreted, although long-term supplementation of amounts larger than 3 gram have been known to cause toxicity. Oral mouse LD50 = 8224 mg/kg, oral rat LD50 = 3710 mg/kg.
- Pathways
-
Pathway Category Thiamine Metabolism Metabolic - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
-
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAcyclovir The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acyclovir is combined with Thiamine. Amantadine The serum concentration of Amantadine can be increased when it is combined with Thiamine. Chlorpheniramine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorpheniramine is combined with Thiamine. Choline salicylate The serum concentration of Choline salicylate can be increased when it is combined with Thiamine. Cimetidine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cimetidine is combined with Thiamine. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
-
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:
dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions. - Product Ingredients
-
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Thiamine chloride X66NSO3N35 59-43-8 MYVIATVLJGTBFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiamine hydrochloride M572600E5P 67-03-8 DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiamine mononitrate 8K0I04919X 532-43-4 UIERGBJEBXXIGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Betalin S (Eli Lilly) / Biamine
- Brand Name Prescription Products
-
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Betaxin Solution 100 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Hospira Healthcare Ulc 2002-06-01 2018-11-29 Canada 
Betaxin Liq 100mg/ml Liquid 100 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Sanofi 1936-12-31 2001-08-10 Canada Thiamiject Injection - Liq Im IV 100mg/ml Liquid 100 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Omega Laboratories Ltd 1998-07-16 Not applicable Canada Thiamine HCl Inj 100mg/ml Liquid 100 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Kripps Pharmacy Ltd. 1979-12-31 Not applicable Canada Thiamine HCl Injection - Liq 100mg/ml Liquid 100 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Faulding Consumer, Inc. 1998-04-30 2001-07-30 Canada - Generic Prescription Products
-
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Thiamine Injection, solution 100 mg/1mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Caplin Steriles Limited 2023-03-15 Not applicable US 
Thiamine Injection, solution 100 mg/1mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC 2000-09-01 Not applicable US Thiamine Injection, solution 100 mg/1mL Intramuscular; Intravenous NorthStar Rx LLC 2023-04-20 Not applicable US Thiamine Injection, solution 100 mg/1mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Armas Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2023-05-22 Not applicable US Thiamine Injection, solution 100 mg/1mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Cardinal Health 2000-09-01 2018-02-28 US - Over the Counter Products
-
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Acti-thiamine Caplet 100mg Tablet 100 mg Oral Acti Form Ltd. 1991-12-31 2005-03-21 Canada ANEURINE TABLET 10MG Tablet 10 MG Oral PHARMANIAGA MANUFACTURING BERHAD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia 
ANEURINE TABLET 3MG Tablet Oral PHARMANIAGA MANUFACTURING BERHAD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia B-1 Caps 500mg Capsule 500 mg / cap Oral Twin Laboratories Inc. 1995-12-31 1999-11-10 Canada B1 400mg Ctr Tab Tablet, extended release 400 mg / tab Oral Bioenergy Inc. 1979-12-31 1998-06-03 Canada - Mixture Products
-
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image 24 Multivitamins + Minerals Thiamine hydrochloride (25 mg) + Ascorbic acid (150 mg) + Beta carotene (10000 unit) + Biotin (25 mcg) + Calcium (130 mg) + Cholecalciferol (400 unit) + Choline bitartrate (25 mg) + Chromium (20 mcg) + Copper (1 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (25 mcg) + Ferrous fumarate (15 mg) + Folic acid (.8 mg) + Inositol (25 mg) + Magnesium (65 mg) + Manganese (2 mg) + Molybdenum (20 mcg) + Niacin (25 mg) + Calcium pantothenate (25 mg) + Potassium (15 mg) + Potassium Iodide (.1 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg) + Racemethionine (25 mg) + Riboflavin (25 mg) + Selenium (20 mcg) + Vanadium (20 mcg) + Vitamin A palmitate (5000 unit) + Vitamin E (50 unit) + Zinc (10 mg) Tablet Oral Stanley Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Vita Health Products Inc. 1997-04-30 2002-07-31 Canada 50 Plus Thiamine hydrochloride (20 mg) + Ascorbic acid (200 mg) + Biotin (20 mcg) + Choline bitartrate (20 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (20 mcg) + Folic acid (.2 mg) + Inositol (20 mg) + Niacin (20 mg) + Calcium pantothenate (20 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (20 mg) + Racemethionine (20 mg) + Riboflavin (20 mg) + Vitamin A palmitate (10000 unit) + Vitamin D (400 unit) + Vitamin E (20 unit) Tablet Oral Quest Vitamins A Div Of Purity Life Health Products 1998-08-04 2001-07-06 Canada 50 Plus Multiple Vitamins & Minerals Thiamine mononitrate (2.25 mg) + Ascorbic acid (90 mg) + Biotin (45 mcg) + Calcium (200 mg) + Cholecalciferol (400 unit) + Chromium (10 mcg) + Copper (2 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (25 mcg) + Folic acid (0.4 mg) + Magnesium (100 mg) + Manganese (5 mg) + Molybdenum (25 mcg) + Nicotinamide (40 mg) + Pantothenic acid (10 mg) + Potassium Iodide (0.15 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (3 mg) + Riboflavin (3.2 mg) + Selenium (25 mcg) + Vanadium (10 mcg) + Vitamin A palmitate (6000 unit) + Zinc (15 mg) Tablet Oral Gfr Pharma Ltd. 2002-10-20 2004-06-15 Canada Acti-MN + B1 + C Caplet Thiamine hydrochloride (20 mg) + Calcium ascorbate (100 mg) + Manganese (30.0 mg) Tablet Oral Acti Form Ltd. 1991-12-31 2005-03-21 Canada Adeks - Dps Thiamine (0.5 mg / mL) + Ascorbic acid (45 mg / mL) + Beta carotene (1 mg / mL) + Biotin (15 mcg / mL) + Cyanocobalamin (4 mcg / mL) + Nicotinamide (6 mg / mL) + Panthenol (3 mg / mL) + Phylloquinone (0.1 mg / mL) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (0.6 mg / mL) + Riboflavin (0.6 mg / mL) + Vitamin A palmitate (1500 unit / mL) + Vitamin D (400 unit / mL) + Vitamin E (40 unit / mL) + Zinc sulfate (5 mg / mL) Solution / drops Oral Axcan Pharma 1995-12-31 2007-10-01 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
-
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Abavite Thiamine mononitrate (1.6 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (60 mg/1) + Cholecalciferol (0.025 mg/1) + DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate (13.5 mg/1) + Ferrous sulfate (30 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Magnesium oxide (25 mg/1) + Mecobalamin (0.5 mg/1) + Niacin (15 mg/1) + Calcium pantothenate (5 mg/1) + Potassium Iodide (0.25 mg/1) + Riboflavin (1.8 mg/1) + Vitamin A palmitate (0.33 mg/1) + Zinc oxide (15 mg/1) Tablet Oral ABACOS HEALTH 2021-03-31 Not applicable US Active FE Thiamine hydrochloride (4 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (160 mg/1) + Beta carotene (2100 [iU]/1) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1) + Cupric oxide (1 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (30 ug/1) + DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate (40 [iU]/1) + Folic acid (1250 ug/1) + Iron (75 mg/1) + Magnesium oxide (30 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (20 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (20 mg/1) + Riboflavin (4 mg/1) + Zinc oxide (20 mg/1) Tablet Oral Gm Pharmaceuticals 2013-11-11 Not applicable US Active OB Thiamine mononitrate (2 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (100 mg/1) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1) + Cupric sulfate pentahydrate (2 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (30 ug/1) + D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (30 [iU]/1) + Doconexent (320 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Iron (20 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (20 mg/1) + Riboflavin (4 mg/1) + Zinc oxide (30 mg/1) Capsule, liquid filled Oral Gm Pharmaceuticals 2013-10-28 2017-03-31 US B-Combo Thiamine chloride (1 mg/1mL) + Dexpanthenol (1 mg/1mL) + Mecobalamin (1 mg/1mL) + Nicotinamide (1 mg/1mL) + Pyridoxine (1 mg/1mL) + Riboflavin (1 mg/1mL) Injection Intramuscular Perdido Key Health And Wellness Inc 2015-11-23 Not applicable US B-plex 100 Thiamine hydrochloride (100 mg/1mL) + Dexpanthenol (2 mg/1mL) + Riboflavin-5'-phosphate sodium salt dihydrate (2 mg/1mL) + Nicotinamide (100 mg/1mL) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (2 mg/1mL) Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Merit Pharmaceutical 2012-01-01 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- A11DA01 — Thiamine (vit b1)
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
-
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thiamines. These are compounds containing a thiamine moiety, which is structurally characterized by a 3-[(4-Amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl backbone.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Diazines
- Sub Class
- Pyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives
- Direct Parent
- Thiamines
- Alternative Parents
- Aminopyrimidines and derivatives / 4,5-disubstituted thiazoles / Imidolactams / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Primary amines / Primary alcohols / Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Organic cations
- Substituents
- 4,5-disubstituted 1,3-thiazole / Alcohol / Amine / Aminopyrimidine / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Azole / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Imidolactam
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- thiamine (CHEBI:18385) / Water-soluble vitamins (C00378) / a vitamin (THIAMINE)
- Affected organisms
-
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 4ABT0J945J
- CAS number
- 70-16-6
- InChI Key
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
-
InChI=1S/C12H17N4OS/c1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13/h5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15)/q+1
- IUPAC Name
-
3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium
- SMILES
-
CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N
References
- Synthesis Reference
-
Nobuyuki Kitamori, Masaya Maeno, Seiji Izuhara, "Granules of thiamine salt and the production thereof." U.S. Patent US4702919, issued July, 1974.
US4702919 - General References
-
- Slater PV: Multi-level preparation for nursing impact on nursing practice. Aust Nurses J. 1978 Jun;7(11):40-3. [Article]
- Kopriva V, Bilkovic R, Licko T: [Tumours of the small intestine (author's transl)]. Cesk Gastroenterol Vyz. 1977 Dec;31(8):549-53. [Article]
- Beissel J: [The role of right catheterization in valvular prosthesis surveillance (author's transl)]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 1977 Dec;26(6):587-9. [Article]
- Lonsdale D, Shamberger RJ, Audhya T: Treatment of autism spectrum children with thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide: a pilot study. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002 Aug;23(4):303-8. [Article]
- Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. [Article]
- External Links
-
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0000235
- KEGG Drug
- D08580
- KEGG Compound
- C00378
- PubChem Compound
- 1130
- PubChem Substance
- 46507321
- ChemSpider
- 1098
- BindingDB
- 50373877
- 10454
- ChEBI
- 18385
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1547
- ZINC
- ZINC000000049153
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000870
- PharmGKB
- PA451652
- PDBe Ligand
- VIB
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Thiamine
- PDB Entries
- 1ig0 / 1ig3 / 1sbr / 2hh9 / 2lh8 / 3lm8 / 3rlb / 4kys / 4nmy / 4nyg … show 5 more
- MSDS
-
Download (73.2 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
-
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Basic Science Thiamine Deficiency / Vitamin B1 deficiency 1 4 Completed Health Services Research Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections / Lactic Acidosis / Lipodystrophies 1 4 Completed Screening Children / Obesity / Thiamine Deficiency 1 4 Completed Supportive Care Heart Failure / Lactic Acidosis / Thiamine Deficiency 1 4 Completed Treatment Anemia, Pernicious / Megaloblastic anemia 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
-
- Eli lilly and co
- Abraxis pharmaceutical products
- Akorn inc
- App pharmaceuticals llc
- Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care
- Bel mar laboratories inc
- Dell laboratories inc
- Hospira inc
- Luitpold pharmaceuticals inc
- Parke davis div warner lambert co
- Watson laboratories inc
- Wyeth ayerst laboratories
- Packagers
-
- Abbott Laboratories Ltd.
- Accucaps Industries Ltd.
- AG Marin Pharmaceuticals
- Alba Pharmacal
- APP Pharmaceuticals
- Baxter International Inc.
- Bioniche Pharma
- Bradley Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Breckenridge Pharmaceuticals
- C.O. Truxton Inc.
- Cardinal Health
- Carlisle Laboratories Inc.
- Catalent Pharma Solutions
- Clint Pharmaceutical Inc.
- Contract Pharm
- CVS Pharmacy
- Cypress Pharmaceutical Inc.
- Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
- Everett Laboratories Inc.
- General Injectables and Vaccines Inc.
- Gil Pharmaceutical Corp.
- Heel Inc.
- Hillestad Pharmaceuticals Usa Inc.
- Hurst Pharmaceutical
- Hyrex Pharmaceuticals
- International Ethical Labs Inc.
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- J T Baker
- Jenahexal Pharma GmbH
- JLM Pharmatech
- Keene Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Laboratorios Magnachem International SA
- Liberty Pharmaceuticals
- Llorens Pharmaceutical
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Marlex Pharmaceuticals
- Martica Enterprises Inc.
- Martin Surgical Supply
- Mason Distributors
- McGuff Co. Inc.
- Merit Pharmaceuticals
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Nephro-Tech Inc.
- Nexgen Pharma Inc.
- Nnodum Pharmaceutical Corporation
- Pamlab LLC
- Perrigo Co.
- Pharmedix
- Phoenix Labs Rising LLC
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Primedics Laboratories
- Qualitest
- Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
- Rising Pharmaceuticals
- River's Edge Pharmaceuticals
- Roxmar Laboratories
- Rugby Laboratories
- Seyer Pharmatec Inc.
- Simildiet SL
- Teral Laboratories
- US Pharmaceutical Corp.
- V Sab Medical Labs Inc.
- Walgreen Co.
- Dosage Forms
-
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 100 mg Tablet Oral 10 MG Solution Intramuscular Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular Solution Intravenous 1.914 mg Bar, chewable Oral Capsule Oral 500 mg / cap Tablet, extended release Oral 400 mg / tab Tablet, delayed release Oral Tablet Oral 40.000 mg Solution 250 mg Tablet, delayed release Tablet, coated Powder, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Powder, for solution Intravenous Injection, solution Intramuscular Tablet, delayed release Tablet, delayed release 300 MG Tablet, coated Oral 30000000 mg Solution Parenteral 5.000 g Solution 250 mg/2ml Tablet Oral 250 mg Liquid Oral .05 mg / mL Elixir Oral .05 mg / mL Granule Oral Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular Injection, solution Parenteral Solution Intramuscular 100.000 mg Solution Parenteral 4.00 mg Tablet, coated Oral 50 mg Tablet, film coated Capsule, coated Oral Capsule Capsule Cutaneous; Oral Syrup Oral Solution Intramuscular 75.000 mg Powder Topical Tablet Oral 50 mg Solution Parenteral 100.000 mg Solution Intramuscular 1.000 mg Tablet Oral 0.250 mg Tablet Oral 1.000 mg Tablet Oral 1.00 mg Tablet Oral 50.000 mg Liquid Oral Tablet, sugar coated Oral 200 mg Syrup Lozenge Oral Capsule, liquid filled; kit; tablet Oral Liquid Intramuscular; Intravenous Tablet Oral 50.0000 mg Tablet Oral 100.000 mg Tablet, sugar coated Oral 75 mcg Gel Oral Capsule, delayed release Oral Tablet, extended release Oral Tablet, coated Oral 150 mcg Tablet, coated Oral Kit; tablet; tablet, film coated Oral Patch Topical Injection Intramuscular Injection, solution, concentrate; kit Intravenous Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous Kit Intravenous Elixir Oral Tablet, chewable Oral Solution Intravenous Tablet, effervescent Oral Solution Oral Tablet Oral Liquid Intravenous Capsule Oral Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Tablet, orally disintegrating Oral Capsule, gelatin coated; kit; tablet Oral Solution Parenteral 200 mg Solution Parenteral Injection, solution Intramuscular Injection Tablet, sugar coated Oral 100 mcg Tablet, film coated Oral 1000 mcg Tablet; tablet, film coated Oral Tablet, film coated Oral 200 mcg Tablet, sugar coated Oral Gum, chewing Oral Solution Parenteral 15.000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mcg Capsule, liquid filled; kit; tablet, film coated Oral Powder Injection, solution; kit Intravenous Injection, solution Intravenous Injection Parenteral Suspension / drops Oral Solution / drops Oral Capsule, liquid filled; kit; tablet, coated Oral Tablet, film coated Oral Capsule, gelatin coated Oral Tablet Oral 250.000 mg Capsule; kit; tablet, coated Oral Injection, powder, for solution Intravenous Injection, powder, for solution Intravenous 100 mg Liquid; tablet Oral Capsule, extended release Oral Injection Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 100 MG/ML Tablet Oral 100 mg/1 Liquid Intramuscular; Intravenous 100 mg / mL Tablet Oral 25 mg / tab Tablet Oral 50 mg Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 100 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 200 mg/2mL Liquid Intramuscular 100 mg / mL Capsule, coated Oral 300 mg Tablet, coated Oral 300 mg Solution Parenteral 30 mg Tablet Oral 300 mg Solution Intramuscular 1 g Solution Intramuscular 200 mg Tablet, coated Oral 30 mg Capsule, liquid filled Oral 100 mg Capsule, liquid filled Oral 300 mg Capsule; liquid Oral Powder, for solution Oral Solution Intramuscular 5.0000 mg Solution Parenteral 75.000 mg Injection, solution Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Parenteral Capsule; kit; tablet, film coated Oral Capsule Oral 0.50 mg Capsule; kit; tablet Oral Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Injection, solution Injection, powder, for solution Parenteral Tablet, extended release Oral 100 mg / tab Capsule Oral 100 mg / cap Capsule, liquid filled; kit Oral Capsule, liquid filled Oral Injection, solution Parenteral 50 mg/mL Injection, solution Parenteral 25 mg/mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous Injection Intravenous Capsule Oral 100 mg Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 100 mg / mL Tablet Oral Tablet Oral 200 mg Tablet Oral 2 mg / tab Solution Intramuscular 100 mg Injection, solution Intramuscular 50 MG/2ML Tablet Oral 100 mg / tab Kit Oral Solution Intramuscular 100.00 mg Solution Intramuscular 15.000 mg Powder Oral Tablet Solution - Prices
-
Unit description Cost Unit Thiamine 100 mg/ml vial 8.61USD ml Infuvite pediatric vial 2.58USD ml Vitamin B-1 100 mg/ml 1.64USD ml Thiamiject 100 mg/ml 1.24USD ml Thiamine Hcl 100 mg/ml 1.24USD ml Thiamine hcl powder 0.73USD g Thiamine 100 mg tablet 0.21USD tablet Thiamine 500 mg tablet 0.18USD tablet Vitamin b-1 250 mg tablet 0.06USD tablet Vitamin b-1 100 mg tablet 0.05USD tablet Thiamine 250 mg tablet 0.03USD tablet CVS Pharmacy vitamin b-1 100 mg tablet 0.02USD tablet Vitamin b-1 50 mg tablet 0.02USD tablet Thiamine hcl 50 mg tablet 0.01USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only. - Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
-
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 248 dec °C PhysProp water solubility 5E+005 mg/L MERCK INDEX (1996); approx. - Predicted Properties
-
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0153 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -2.1 ALOGPS logP -3.1 Chemaxon logS -4.3 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 15.5 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 5.54 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 75.91 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 4 Chemaxon Refractivity 73.4 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 28.14 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
-
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption - 0.7976 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.933 Caco-2 permeable + 0.8867 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.5593 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9814 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.8504 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.7559 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.842 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.7591 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.7256 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.58 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7521 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7523 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7397 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8019 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.7795 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9132 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.8999 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.86 Rat acute toxicity 2.4577 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9415 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.6221
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
-
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 169.5076656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 169.5194656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 171.8259656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 158.8828 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 169.3659656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 169.4334656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 171.7987656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 161.2408 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 169.4543656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 169.7164656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 172.2388656 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 167.35207 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Yes
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Thiamine diphosphokinase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the phosphorylation of thiamine to thiamine pyrophosphate. Can also catalyze the phosphorylation of pyrithiamine to pyrithiamine pyrophosphate.
- Gene Name
- TPK1
- Uniprot ID
- Q9H3S4
- Uniprot Name
- Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 27265.05 Da
References
- Pylypchuk SIu, Parkhomenko IuM, Protasova ZS, Vovk AI, Donchenko HV: [Interaction of rat brain thiamine kinase with thiamine and its derivatives]. Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999). 2001 Mar-Apr;73(2):51-6. [Article]
- Melnick J, Lis E, Park JH, Kinsland C, Mori H, Baba T, Perkins J, Schyns G, Vassieva O, Osterman A, Begley TP: Identification of the two missing bacterial genes involved in thiamine salvage: thiamine pyrophosphokinase and thiamine kinase. J Bacteriol. 2004 Jun;186(11):3660-2. [Article]
- Bellyei S, Szigeti A, Boronkai A, Szabo Z, Bene J, Janaky T, Barna L, Sipos K, Minik O, Kravjak A, Ohmacht R, Melegh B, Zavodszky P, Than GN, Sumegi B, Bohn H, Than NG: Cloning, sequencing, structural and molecular biological characterization of placental protein 20 (PP20)/human thiamin pyrophosphokinase (hTPK). Placenta. 2005 Jan;26(1):34-46. [Article]
- de Jong L, Meng Y, Dent J, Hekimi S: Thiamine pyrophosphate biosynthesis and transport in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics. 2004 Oct;168(2):845-54. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Inducer
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP4B1
- Uniprot ID
- P13584
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 4B1
- Molecular Weight
- 58990.64 Da
References
- Liu S, Stromberg A, Tai HH, Moscow JA: Thiamine transporter gene expression and exogenous thiamine modulate the expression of genes involved in drug and prostaglandin metabolism in breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res. 2004 Aug;2(8):477-87. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Thiamine diphosphokinase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the phosphorylation of thiamine to thiamine pyrophosphate. Can also catalyze the phosphorylation of pyrithiamine to pyrithiamine pyrophosphate.
- Gene Name
- TPK1
- Uniprot ID
- Q9H3S4
- Uniprot Name
- Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 27265.05 Da
References
- Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Uridine diphosphatase (UDPase) that promotes protein N-glycosylation and ATP level regulation. UDP hydrolysis promotes protein N-glycosylation and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as elevated ATP consumption in the cytosol via an ATP hydrolysis cycle. Together with CMPK1 and AK1, constitutes an ATP hydrolysis cycle that converts ATP to AMP and results in a compensatory increase in aerobic glycolysis. The nucleotide hydrolyzing preference is GDP > IDP > UDP, but not any other nucleoside di-, mono- or triphosphates, nor thiamine pyrophosphate. Plays a key role in the AKT1-PTEN signaling pathway by promoting glycolysis in proliferating cells in response to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling.
- Specific Function
- Guanosine-diphosphatase activity
- Gene Name
- ENTPD5
- Uniprot ID
- O75356
- Uniprot Name
- Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5
- Molecular Weight
- 47516.985 Da
References
- Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Hydrolase highly specific for thiamine triphosphate (ThTP).
- Specific Function
- Hydrolase activity
- Gene Name
- THTPA
- Uniprot ID
- Q9BU02
- Uniprot Name
- Thiamine-triphosphatase
- Molecular Weight
- 25565.685 Da
References
- Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Binder
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Hosseinzadeh R, Khorsandi K: Interaction of vitamin B1 with bovine serum albumin investigation using vitamin B1-selective electrode: potentiometric and molecular modeling study. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2016 Sep;34(9):1903-10. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1094414. Epub 2016 May 4. [Article]
- Thom JY, Davis RE, Icke GC: Protein binding of thiamin in human plasma. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1986;56(2):189. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Inhibitor
- General Function
- Quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A2
- Uniprot ID
- O15244
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 62579.99 Da
References
- Urakami Y, Akazawa M, Saito H, Okuda M, Inui K: cDNA cloning, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of an alternatively spliced variant of organic cation transporter hOCT2 predominantly expressed in the human kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 Jul;13(7):1703-10. [Article]
- Urakami Y, Okuda M, Masuda S, Akazawa M, Saito H, Inui K: Distinct characteristics of organic cation transporters, OCT1 and OCT2, in the basolateral membrane of renal tubules. Pharm Res. 2001 Nov;18(11):1528-34. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnico...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A1
- Uniprot ID
- O15245
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 61153.345 Da
References
- Bednarczyk D, Ekins S, Wikel JH, Wright SH: Influence of molecular structure on substrate binding to the human organic cation transporter, hOCT1. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Mar;63(3):489-98. [Article]
- Sinclair CJ, Chi KD, Subramanian V, Ward KL, Green RM: Functional expression of a high affinity mammalian hepatic choline/organic cation transporter. J Lipid Res. 2000 Nov;41(11):1841-8. [Article]
- Green RM, Lo K, Sterritt C, Beier DR: Cloning and functional expression of a mouse liver organic cation transporter. Hepatology. 1999 May;29(5):1556-62. [Article]
- Urakami Y, Okuda M, Masuda S, Akazawa M, Saito H, Inui K: Distinct characteristics of organic cation transporters, OCT1 and OCT2, in the basolateral membrane of renal tubules. Pharm Res. 2001 Nov;18(11):1528-34. [Article]
- Chen L, Shu Y, Liang X, Chen EC, Yee SW, Zur AA, Li S, Xu L, Keshari KR, Lin MJ, Chien HC, Zhang Y, Morrissey KM, Liu J, Ostrem J, Younger NS, Kurhanewicz J, Shokat KM, Ashrafi K, Giacomini KM: OCT1 is a high-capacity thiamine transporter that regulates hepatic steatosis and is a target of metformin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jul 8;111(27):9983-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1314939111. Epub 2014 Jun 24. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A5
- Uniprot ID
- O76082
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 5
- Molecular Weight
- 62751.08 Da
References
- Ohashi R, Tamai I, Nezu Ji J, Nikaido H, Hashimoto N, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Molecular and physiological evidence for multifunctionality of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN2. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;59(2):358-66. [Article]
- Wu X, Huang W, Prasad PD, Seth P, Rajan DP, Leibach FH, Chen J, Conway SJ, Ganapathy V: Functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Sep;290(3):1482-92. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Thiamine uptake transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- High-affinity transporter for the intake of thiamine.
- Gene Name
- SLC19A2
- Uniprot ID
- O60779
- Uniprot Name
- Thiamine transporter 1
- Molecular Weight
- 55399.49 Da
References
- Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
-
Unknown
- Actions
-
Substrate
- General Function
- Thiamine uptake transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates high affinity thiamine uptake, propably via a proton anti-port mechanism. Has no folate transport activity.
- Gene Name
- SLC19A3
- Uniprot ID
- Q9BZV2
- Uniprot Name
- Thiamine transporter 2
- Molecular Weight
- 55664.265 Da
References
- Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at April 26, 2024 00:46