A Geologic Trip Across Tennessee by Interstate 40
Spanning Tennessee from the Great Smoky Mountains to the Mississippi River, Interstate 40 is more than just a convenient roadway. It afford travelers the opportunity to observe the state's geologic and physiographic features in all their variety. In this accessible and profusely illustrated book, Harry Moore offers a fascinating guided tour of that roadside geology.
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Contents
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A State and a Highway
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3 |
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Oceanic Plate Colliding with a Continental Plate
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6 |
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Quartz SiO2 a Common Mineral
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7 |
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Folds and Faults
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12 |
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Folded Rock Strata Common in East Tennessee
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13 |
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Exposure of a Thrust Fault in Grainger County
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14 |
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Fossil Brachiopod Shells in Limestone Strata
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18 |
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Fossil Head of Olenellus a Trilobite
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19 |
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Tennessee Welcome Center at Mile 446 4
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142 |
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Sinkhole Collapse
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148 |
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Site of Rockfalls along I40 before Remedial Work
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151 |
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Pennsylvanian Age Strata Showing Channel of Ancient Stream
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153 |
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Underlying Geologic Structure of Middle Tennessee
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157 |
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Mississippian Devonian and Ordovician Limestone
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159 |
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Mississippian Age Fort Payne Formation
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167 |
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Large Black Nodules of Chert Silica
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168 |
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Tennessees Geologic History
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20 |
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Precambrian Gneiss among the Oldest Rocks in Tennessee
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27 |
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Horizontal Layers of Rock in Middle Tennessee
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38 |
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Preserved Ripple Marks
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41 |
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Pennsylvanian Age Strata on the Cumberland Plateau
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42 |
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Oyster Shell Exogyra from the Coon Creek Formation
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47 |
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Fossilized Crab Claws Found in the Coon Creek Formation
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48 |
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Tennessees Topography
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54 |
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High Mountains of Extreme East Tennessee
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57 |
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A Karst Area with Typical Exposures of Limestone Strata
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59 |
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Parameters Governing Development of KarstRelated Problems
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60 |
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Sinkholes in Karst Areas
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61 |
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Clinch and House Mountains in East Tennessee
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64 |
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Development of Karst
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66 |
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Trash Thrown in a Sinkhole
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67 |
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Spelunker at Cave Entrance
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68 |
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Sequatchie Valley
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70 |
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North Arch in the Big South Fork Area
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72 |
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Burgess Falls
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75 |
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Dripstone Decorating the Interior of a Cave
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76 |
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FlatLying Rock Strata
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78 |
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Swamp with Cypress Trees in the Gulf Coastal Plain Province
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83 |
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Loess Bluffs Overlooking the Mississippi River
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84 |
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Geologic Environmental Issues
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86 |
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Highway Embankment Landslide
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87 |
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Landslide Covering a Tunnel Entrance on I40
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89 |
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Development of a WedgeFailure Landslide
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91 |
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Sinkhole in South Knoxville
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93 |
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Highway with Sinkhole Collapse
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94 |
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Burial of Pyritic Strata in Geomembrane Enclosures
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102 |
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The Making of a Highway
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104 |
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Mountainous Area Sensitive to Highway Location
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111 |
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Drilling and Sampling Soil and Rock for a New Roadway
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114 |
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CutandFill Operations in Highway Construction
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117 |
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Cutslopes Smoothed by PreSplitting the Rock Face
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118 |
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Embankment Constructed to Build Up the Roadbed
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119 |
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Unstable Rock Slope with Potential for Landslides
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124 |
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Techniques of Oriented PreSplitting
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125 |
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Wire Mesh Draped over Cutslopes Prone to Rockfalls
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127 |
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Phases of Collapse of Bridge Foundation in Karst Terrain
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128 |
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Cave Systems and Karst Areas in Knox County
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129 |
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Rockfalls along I40 in Cumberland County
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131 |
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Large Cranes Removing Unstable Rock along I40
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132 |
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Remedial Cutslope Flattening along I40
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133 |
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Reconstructed Cutslopes along I40
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134 |
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Road Log and Side Trips
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137 |
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Underlying Geologic Structure of East Tennessee
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139 |
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Rockfall Catchment Fence along I40
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140 |
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Wire Mesh to Prevent Falling Rock from Hitting I40
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141 |
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Horizontal Beds of Mississippian Age Limestone
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169 |
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Underlying Geologic Structure of West Tennessee
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173 |
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I40 Beginning Descent into Floodplain of Hatchie River
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178 |
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Cotton Plant in Bloom
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179 |
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Mud Island near I40 Bridge over Mississippi River at Memphis
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182 |
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Side Trips
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183 |
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Parallel Ridges and Valleys from Atop Clinch Mountain
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186 |
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Ancient Landslide Scar on Clinch Mountain
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187 |
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Construction of a ShotinPlace Rock Buttress
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188 |
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Typical BlockGlide Landslide with Rock Buttress
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189 |
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Rock Buttress on the South Slope of Clinch Mountain
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190 |
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Complete Geologic Stratigraphic Section along Clinch Mountain
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191 |
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Clinch Sandstone Containing Fossil Specimens
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192 |
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Small Thrust Fault North of Clinch Mountain
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193 |
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Gap Park
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199 |
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Fort Loudon Dam
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205 |
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Deformed Rock Strata along the Great Smoky Thrust Fault
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207 |
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TieBack Retaining Wall on Chilhowee Mountain
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208 |
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Geologic Conditions in the Cades Cove Area
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211 |
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SplitRail Fence in Cades Cove
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212 |
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Entrance to Gregorys Cave in Cades Cove
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213 |
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Parsons Branch Road Leading from Cades Cove to U S 129
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215 |
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Flame Azalea on Gregory Bald
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219 |
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Christ Church Episcopal Built 1887 Rugby Tennessee
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225 |
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Rock Strata in the Big South Fork Area
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226 |
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Indian Rockhouse Pickett State Park
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227 |
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Wooden Staircases over Sandstone Bluffs along Trail to Twin Arches
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229 |
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North Arch
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231 |
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South Arch
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232 |
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Fertile Farmland in Sequatchie Valley
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237 |
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Geologic Conditions in Sequatchie Valley Area
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238 |
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Pennsylvanian Age Sandstone along Upper Rim of Sequatchie Valley
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239 |
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Geologic Conditions at Fall Creek Falls
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241 |
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Pennsylvanian Age Strata along Trail to Base of Fall Creek Falls
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243 |
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Plunge Pool of Fall Creek Falls
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244 |
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Fall Creek Falls Highest Waterfall East of the Mississippi River
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245 |
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Geologic Conditions at Burgess Falls
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250 |
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Mississippian Age Strata along Trail to Burgess Falls
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252 |
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Middle Falls Seen from Trail Overlook
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253 |
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Scenic Section of Forest along Burgess Falls Trail
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254 |
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Burgess Falls Viewed from Trail Overlook
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255 |
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Karst Features in Cedars of Lebanon State Park
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260 |
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Jackson Cave in Cedars of Lebanon State Park
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261 |
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Trail to Hidden Springs Passing through Karst Landscape
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263 |
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Cedar Glade in Cedars of Lebanon State Park
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264 |
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Glossary
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313 |
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References
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325 |
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Common terms and phrases
Arches Basin bedrock beds begins Blue Ridge bluffs called Cave Central City clay construction continue County Creek cross Cumberland Cumberland Plateau deposits developed drainage East Tennessee Eastern enter environment erosion example excavated Exit exposed exposures Falls fault feet follow Fork Formation formed fossil geologic gravel gray groundwater Group Highland Rim highway hills Historic interstate involves karst known land landscape landslides lane layers Leave limestone located loess Log Mile mass material Middle million mineral Mississippi River Mountain Nashville natural notice numerous occur Ordovician origin outcrops Paleozoic Park Pennsylvanian period placed plant problems province Reelfoot Lake result Ridge road roadway rock route sand sandstone sediments shale Side Trip sinkholes slope Smoky soil South strata streams structure surface trail turn underlain usually Valley Valley and Ridge weathering West Western