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Historical Events on March 28

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Caligula Accepts Principate

37 Roman Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, better known as Caligula (which means "little soldier's boots"), accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate

  • 193 Roman Emperor Pertinax is assassinated by his Praetorian Guards, who then sell the throne in an auction to Didius Julianus
  • 364 Roman Emperor Valentinian I appoints his brother Flavius Valens co-emperor
  • 519 Pope Hormisdas reunites the Eastern and Western church, ending the Acacian schism in a ceremony in the cathedral of Constantinople
  • 1535 Bloemkamp Abbey (Oldeklooster) attacked & destroyed in Friesland
  • 1556 Origin of Fasli Era (India)

Coronation of Philip II

1556 Philip II of Spain is formally crowned King of Spain

  • 1566 Foundation stone laid for the new city of La Valletta in Malta by Knights Hospitaller Grand Master Jean de Valette
  • 1738 Parliament sends an address to the king requesting that he demand redress from Spain (War of Jenkin's Ear)
  • 1774 Britain passes Coercive Act against Massachusetts
  • 1776 Juan Bautista de Anza finds the site for the Presidio of San Francisco
  • 1794 Allies under the prince of Coburg defeat French forces at Le Cateau
  • 1794 Louvre opens to the public (although officially opened since August)
  • 1795 Partitions of Poland: The Duchy of Courland, a northern fief of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ceases to exist and becomes part of Imperial Russia.
  • 1796 Bethel African Methodist Church of Philadelphia is 1st US-African church
  • 1797 Nathaniel Briggs of New Hampshire patents a washing machine
  • 1802 Wilhelm Olbers discovers 2 Pallas, the second known asteroid
  • 1804 Ohio passes law restricting movement of Blacks
  • 1809 Peninsular War: France defeats Spain in the Battle of Medelin
  • 1830 Javanese Prince Diponegoro, leader of resistance against Dutch colonial rule is arrested by Dutch authorities during peace negotiations
  • 1834 Senate censure President Jackson for taking fed deposits from Bank of US
  • 1844 Jose Zorilla's "Don Juan Tenorio" premieres in Madrid
  • 1845 Mexico drops diplomatic relations with US
  • 1854 Great Britain and France declare war on Russia, expanding the Crimean War

Brahms' Serenade for Orchestra

1859 1st performance of Johannes Brahms' 1st Serenade for orchestra

  • 1860 First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka begins in New Zealand
  • 1862 Skirmish at Bealeton Station, Virginia
  • 1866 1st ambulance goes into service
  • 1871 San Francisco Art Association holds open reception at 430 Pine
  • 1891 1st world weightlifting championship won by Edward Lawrence in London, England
  • 1896 Umberto Giordano's opera "Andrea Chenier" premieres at La Scala, Milan with Giuseppe Borgatti singing the title role; libretto by Luigi Illica
  • 1902 27.9 cm precipitation at McMinnville, Tennessee (state record)
  • 1905 The Lawa railway from Paramaribo to Dam railway opens in Suriname

Fabre Hydravion

1910 First seaplane takes off from water under its own power, piloted by Henri Fabre from the Étang de Berre lagoon at Martigues, France

  • 1913 Guatemala becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty

Jerusalem

1916 First performance of "Jerusalem" by George Parry set to words by William Blake at a 'Fight for Right' meeting at the Queen’s Hall, London

  • 1917 Jews are expelled from Tel Aviv & Jaffa by Turkish authorities
  • 1917 Puccini's "La Rondine" premieres in Monte Carlo
  • 1920 Anton Denkin's White Russian troops defeated by Bolsheviks and Soviets at Novorossijsk on the Black Sea (The British aid Denkin in his escape)
  • 1920 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1920 affects the Great Lakes region and Deep South states

Tomáš Masaryk President

1920 Tomáš Masaryk elected President of Czechoslovakia

  • 1922 1st microfilm device introduced
  • 1922 Stanley Cup Final, Mutual Street Arena, Toronto, ON: Toronto St Patricks (NHL) beat Vancouver Millionaires (PCHA), 5-1 for a 3-2 series win
  • 1924 WGN-AM in Chicago IL begins radio transmissions
  • 1927 Majestic Theater opens at 245 W 44th St, NYC; designed with a modern Spanish exterior and French revival style interior by architect Herbert J. Krapp, it is largest of 3 theater and hotel development cuilt by Irving Chanin
  • 1929 Democratic constitution goes into effect in Ecuador

Piston's Suite for Orchestra

1930 1st performance of Walter Piston's Suite for orchestra (Boston)

Istanbul – The Queen of Cities

1930 Turkish cities Constantinople and Angora change their names to Istanbul and Ankara

Triumph of the Will

1935 Influential Nazi Propaganda film "Triumph of the Will" released showing Nuremberg rallies, commissioned by Adolf Hitler and directed by Leni Riefenstahl

Goddard Employs Gyroscopes

1935 Robert Goddard uses gyroscopes to control a rocket

  • 1939 Philip Barry's comic play "Philadelphia Story" about a socialite's impending wedding premieres at the Shubert Theater in NYC; star Katherine Hepburn also led the 1940 film version

The Fall of Madrid

1939 Spanish Civil War ends, Madrid falls to the Nationalists headed by Francisco Franco

  • 1940 Construction begins of the exhibition center to host the Thessaloniki International Trade Fair
  • 1940 WWII: Two Dutch Fokker fighter plane crews shoot down British RAF bomber near Rotterdam
  • 1941 Sea battle at Cape Matapan: British fleet under Cunningham defeats Italy
  • 1942 -29] 234 RAF bombers attack Lubeck
  • 1942 British naval forces raid Nazi occupied French port of St Nazaire
  • 1942 St. Nazaire Raid (Operation Chariot): obsolete British destroyer HMS Campbeltown, rigged with explosives and flying German flags, rams gates of German occupied St Nazaire port in France, and self detonates; kills 360 Germans, and disables the dry dock for duration of the war
  • 1944 Astrid Lindgren sprains ankle and begins writing "Pippi Longstocking"
  • 1945 Last German V-1 (buzz bomb) attack on London
  • 1946 Cold War: The United States State Department releases the Acheson-Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power.

2nd Tony Awards

1948 2nd Tony Awards: "Mister Roberts" (Play); Henry Fonda (Actor) and Joshua Logan (Director) win

  • 1949 English astronomer Fred Hoyle coins the term "Big Bang" in a BBC radio talk while actually arguing for the alternative "steady-state" theory [1]
  • 1953 "Stock exchanges open, dikes closed" raises 5,200,000 guilders
  • 1953 7th Tony Awards: "The Crucible" (Outstanding Play) & "Wonderful Town" (Outstanding Musical) win
  • 1953 KCAU TV channel 9 in Sioux City, IA (ABC) begins broadcasting
  • 1954 8th Tony Awards: "Teahouse of the August Moon" (Best Play) & "Kismet" (Best Musical) win
  • 1954 WKAQ TV channel 2 in San Juan, PR (TM) begins broadcasting
  • 1955 NZ cricket all out for 26 v England at Eden Park
  • 1957 1st National Curling Championship held
  • 1959 11 days after Tibet uprising, China dissolves Tibet's government & installs Panchen Lama
  • 1960 Pope John appoints the first Japanese, African & Filipino cardinals
  • 1960 Scotch whisky factory explodes burying 20 fire fighters in Glasgow, Scotland
  • 1962 Devastating 8 for 6 spell by West Indian spin bowler Lance Gibbs gives home side innings & 30 run 3rd Test win over India in Bridgetown
  • 1962 Military coup in Syria, President Nazim al-Kudsi flees
  • 1963 AFL's NY Titan's become the NY Jets
  • 1964 1st pirate radio station near England (Radio Caroline)
  • 1964 Discovery of Epstein-Barr virus, the first human tumor virus, identified by pathologists English Anthony Epstein and Yvonne Barr published in "Lancet" [1]

Music History

1964 Madame Tussauds Wax Museum in London unveils figures of The Beatles; they later appear on the Sgt. Pepper album cover

Event of Interest

1967 UN Secretary General U Thant makes public proposals for peace in Vietnam

  • 1969 Greek poet and Nobel Prize laureate Giorgos Seferis makes a famous statement on the BBC World Service opposing the junta in Greece

Appointment of Interest

1969 Pope Paul VI names JGM Willebrands cardinal

  • 1970 1,086 die when 7.4 quake destroys 254 villages in Gediz Turkey
  • 1971 25th Tony Awards: "Sleuth" (Best Play) & "Company" (Best Musical, Original Score, Director) win

Film & TV History

1971 Last original edition of "The Ed Sullivan Show" broadcasts on CBS-TV

Burning Love

1972 Elvis Presley records his final Top Ten hit, a cover of "Burning Love", written by Dennis Linde, and first recorded by Arthur Alexander

  • 1972 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan

Sports History

1972 Wilt Chamberlain plays his last pro basketball game

  • 1974 Rock group Raspberries breakup
  • 1975 NHL Washington Capitals win 1st game on road after 37 straight road loses
  • 1976 AIAW Women's Basketball Tournament, Delta States beat Immaculata, 69-64 at Pennsylvania State University
  • 1977 Morarji Desai forms a government in India
  • 1978 Daryl Gates becomes the 49th Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department
  • 1979 A partial meltdown at Three Mile Island nuclear plant in the US results in the release of radioactive gas and iodine into the atmosphere but no deaths
  • 1979 British government of Prime Minister Jim Callaghan (Labour Party) falls
  • 1979 Frank Lazarus & Dick Vosburgh's stage musical comedy "A Day in Hollywood/A Night in Ukraine" premieres at the Mayfair Theatre, London, England
  • 1981 East German Christa Rothenburger skates ladies' world record 500 m (40.18 sec); she later breaks her own record twice
  • 1981 France performs nuclear test
  • 1981 Gabi Schonbrunn skates ladies world record 3 km (4:21.70)

Sports History

1981 Martina Navratilova beats 16-year-old American tennis prodigy Andrea Jaeger 6-3, 7-6 in the final of the WTA Tour Championships at Madison Square Garden, NYC

Sports History

1981 Viv Richards scores century in the 1st Test at his home Antigua

  • 1981 Yevgeni Kulikov skates world record 500m (36.91 secs)
  • 1982 12th Easter Seal Telethon raises $19,500,000
  • 1982 JN Duartes' Christian Democrats win elections in El Salvador
  • 1985 International Cometary Explorer measures solar wind ahead of Halley

Biloxi Blues

1985 Neil Simon's play "Biloxi Blues" premieres in NYC

  • 1985 STS 51-D vehicle moves to launch pad
  • 1986 Extremist Sikhs kill 13 Hindus in Ludhiana, India
  • 1986 John N McMahon, ends term as deputy director of CIA
  • 1987 Stacking of Discovery's SRBs gets underway
  • 1989 New Zealand wins America's Cup over Stars & Stripes, in a NY court

Louvre Pyramid

1989 The Louvre Pyramid designed by I. M. Pei is inaugurated by French President François Mitterrand in Paris

  • 1990 Bengal beat Delhi in rained-out cricket Ranji Trophy final on quotient

NBA Record

1990 Michael Jordan scores 69 points, 4th time he scores 60 pts in a game

Sports History

1990 US President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards Jesse Owens the Congressional Gold Medal

Sports History

1991 Mike Tyson admits paternity in Manhattan Family Court to Kimberly Scarborough's infant daughter

  • 1992 Ann Transon runs female world record 50k (3:35:31)
  • 1992 PBA National Championship Won by Eric Forkel
  • 1993 Conservatives win French parliamentary election
  • 1993 Nabisco Dinah Shore Women's Golf, Mission Hills CC: Helen Alfredsson of Sweden wins her only major title, 2 strokes ahead of 3 runners-up; first non-American to win the event as a major
  • 1993 Type II supernova detected in M81 (NGC 3031)
  • 1994 Armed Zulus demonstrate in Johannesburg, over 53 killed
  • 1994 BBC Radio Five Live broadcasts for first time in United Kingdom

Election of Interest

1994 Italy's right-wing alliance under Silvio Berlusconi wins election

  • 1995 World's largest bank-Japan's Mitsubishi Bank & Bank of Tokyo merge
  • 1996 "Seven Guitars" opens at Walter Kerr Theater NYC
  • 1997 "City" soap opera's final episode on ABC-TV

Golf Major

1999 Nabisco Championship Women's Golf, Mission Hills CC: 1992 champion Dottie Pepper wins the last of her 2 major titles, 6 strokes ahead of runner-up Meg Mallon

  • 2000 A Murray County, Georgia, school bus is hit by a CSX freight train (3 children die in this accident).
  • 2003 In a "friendly fire" incident, two US A-10 Thunderbolt IIs from the 190th Fighter Squadron attack British tanks participating in the invasion of Iraq, killing British soldier Matty Hull
  • 2004 Kraft Nabisco Championship Women's Golf, Mission Hills CC: Grace Park wins her only major title by 1 stroke, sinking a 6-foot birdie putt on the 72nd hole; fellow South Korean Aree Song is runner-up
  • 2005 The 2005 Sumatran earthquake rocks Indonesia, and at magnitude 8.7 is the second strongest earthquake since 1960.
  • 2006 At least 1 million union members, students and unemployed take to the streets in France in protest at the government's proposed First Employment Contract law
  • 2007 Sri Lankan cricket fast bowler Lasith Malinga produces unprecedented sequence of 4 wickets in 4 balls, as South Africa scrambles to a 1-wicket Super 8's ICC World Cup win in Guyana

Swine Flu Pandemic

2009 The first cases of H1N1 swine flu in the United States occur in two people in California

  • 2013 143 rebels and 20 government troop are killed in conflict in Pibor County, Sudan
  • 2013 15 students are killed and 7 are injured after a mortar strikes Damascus University
  • 2013 Banks in Cyprus re-open after having been closed for two weeks; the government agrees a 10 billion euro bailout deal with the EU and IMF

Event of Interest

2013 Pope Francis becomes the first Pope to wash the feet of women in the Maundy Thursday service

  • 2014 2 cases of Ebola are reported in Liberia among people who have travelled to Guinea
  • 2014 Russia increases the price of gas to Ukraine by 80%
  • 2017 Britain introduces 1st new pound coin in 30 years with secret security feature inside to stop counterfeiting
  • 2017 Cyclone Debbie strikes north east Queensland coast as a category 4 storm
  • 2017 US confirms likely it is behind the air strike in Mosul, Iraq, that led to collapse of a building that killed more than 100 civilians

Event of Interest

2017 US President Donald Trump signs Energy Independence executive order undoing Obama climate-control measures

  • 2017 World's largest dinosaur footprint at 1.7 metres found in Kimberley, Western Australia
  • 2018 At least 68 people die and scores are injured in a fire caused by a prison riot in the cells at the Carabobo state police headquarters in Valencia, Venezuela
  • 2018 Captain Steve Smith and David Warner are suspended by Cricket Australia for 12 months, and Cameron Bancroft (9 months) for their part in the infamous ball-tampering scandal in South Africa

Meeting of Interest

2018 North Korea's Kim Jong-un meets Chinese leader Xi Jinping in Beijing, China, his first trip outside of North Korea since coming to power in 2011

  • 2019 European parliament bans single-use plastics, including cutlery and straws by 2021
  • 2019 Study of a 71 year-old British woman who has never felt pain, for the first time understood as due to a gene mutation, published in British Journal of Anaesthesia
  • 2020 US President Donald Trump makes grim projection that 240,000 American could die from COVID-19, even with restrictions in place
  • 2021 Mexico revises its COVID-19 death toll up by 60% to more than 321,000 giving it the second highest COVID death toll in the world [1]

Film & TV History

2022 Actor Will Smith issues an apology on Instagram to Oscars host Chris Rock for slapping him live on stage during the ceremony [1]

  • 2022 Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signs so called "Don't Say Gay" bill limiting LGBTQ classroom instruction [1]
  • 2023 Chris Sharma completes the first redpoint of Sleeping Lion in Siurana, Spain, a 9b+ (5.15c) route

Kamala Harris Visits Former Slave Port

2023 US Vice President Kamala Harris visits former slave port Cape Coast Castle in Ghana as part of her tour of Ghana, Tanzania and Zambia [1]