Fluorescein

Identification

Summary

Fluorescein is a dye used in angiography or angioscopy of the iris and retina.

Brand Names
Ak-fluor, Altafluor, Diofluor, Fluorescite, Fluress
Generic Name
Fluorescein
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00693
Background

A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium, such as the aqueous humor, and is used therapeutically as a diagnostic aid in corneal injuries and corneal trauma. It has been approved by FDA for use in externally applied drugs and cosmetics. (From Merck Index, 12th ed; American Medical Association Drug Evaluations; 1995, p2275)

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 332.3063
Monoisotopic: 332.068473494
Chemical Formula
C20H12O5
Synonyms
  • 3,6-fluorandiol
  • 3',6'-dihydroxyfluoran
  • 9-(o-carboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-3-isoxanthenone
  • 9-(o-carboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-3H-xanthen-3-one
  • C.I. Solvent Yellow 94
  • D and C Yellow No. 7
  • D&C Yellow No. 7
  • Fluorescein
  • Fluoresceina
  • Fluoresceína
  • Fluoresceine
  • Fluoreszein
  • Japan Yellow 201
  • Resorcinolphthalein
  • Solvent Yellow 94
  • Yellow fluorescein
External IDs
  • CI 45350:1

Pharmacology

Indication

For diagnostic imaging. Primarily indicated in diagnostic fluorescein angiography or angioscopy of the fundus and of the iris vasculature.

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Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form
Used in combination to manage Peritoneal dialysis Combination Product in combination with: Magnesium chloride (DB09407), Calcium chloride (DB01164), Lactic acid (DB04398) ••••••••••••
Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia •••••••••••• ••••••• •• ••• •• •••• •••••••• •• •••••••••••• •••••••• •••••••••• ••• ••••••••• •••••••••• •••• •••••••••• ••••• • ••••••• ••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

Fluorescein sodium is used extensively as a diagnostic tool in the field of ophthalmology. Fluorescein is a fluorescent compound or fluorophore having a maximum absorbance of 494 m and an emission maximum of 521 nm. The yellowish-green fluorescence of the compound can be used to demarcate the vascular area under observation, distinguishing it from adjacent areas. It is applied topically in the form of a drop or it can be injected intravenously to produce a fluorescein angiogram. Topical fluorescein is a useful tool in the diagnosis of corneal abrasions, corneal ulcers, herpetic corneal infections, and dry eye. Fluorescein angiography is used to diagnose and categorize macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, inflammatory intraocular conditions, and intraocular tumors.

Target Actions Organism
NIg kappa chain V-II region RPMI 6410
other
Humans
NDNA
other
Humans
Absorption

Rapidly distributed

Volume of distribution
  • 0.5 L/kg
Protein binding

85%

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Fluorescein and its metabolites are mainly eliminated via renal excretion.

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance
  • renal cl=1.75 mL/min/kg [After IV administration]
  • hepatic cl=1.50 mL/min/kg [After IV administration]
Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction
Acetazolamide The excretion of Fluorescein can be decreased when combined with Acetazolamide.
Acetylsalicylic acid The excretion of Fluorescein can be decreased when combined with Acetylsalicylic acid.
Acyclovir The excretion of Fluorescein can be decreased when combined with Acyclovir.
Adefovir dipivoxil The excretion of Adefovir dipivoxil can be decreased when combined with Fluorescein.
Aminohippuric acid The excretion of Fluorescein can be decreased when combined with Aminohippuric acid.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key
Fluorescein sodium 93X55PE38X 518-47-8 NJDNXYGOVLYJHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Ak-fluor Injection 250 mg/1mL Intravenous Akorn 2008-10-01 Not applicable US flag
Ak-fluor Injection 100 mg/1mL Intravenous A-S Medication Solutions 2008-10-01 Not applicable US flag
Ak-fluor Injection 100 mg/1mL Intravenous Akorn 2008-10-01 Not applicable US flag
Angiofluor Injection, solution 250 mg/1mL Intravenous Alliance Inj LLC 2000-12-01 2012-02-29 US flag
Angiofluor Lite Injection, solution 100 mg/1mL Intravenous Alliance Inj LLC 2001-10-01 2012-02-29 US flag
Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Fluorescein Injection 250 mg/1mL Intravenous Nexus Pharmaceuticals LLC 2023-10-24 Not applicable US flag
Fluorescein Injection 500 mg/1mL Intravenous Nexus Pharmaceuticals LLC 2023-10-24 Not applicable US flag
Odan-fluorescein Liquid 250 mg / mL Intravenous Odan Laboratories Ltd 1985-12-31 Not applicable Canada flag
Odan-fluorescein Solution 100 mg / mL Intravenous Odan Laboratories Ltd 1984-12-31 Not applicable Canada flag
Odan-fluorets Strip 1 mg Ophthalmic Odan Laboratories Ltd 1986-12-31 Not applicable Canada flag
Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
FLUORESCEIN NOVARTIS (100 MG/ML) Injection, solution 100 mg/1ml Ophthalmic บริษัท ซิลลิค ฟาร์มา จำกัด 2015-08-31 Not applicable Thailand flag
FLUORETS STERILE OPHTHALMIC STRIP 1 mg Strip 1 mg Ophthalmic BAUSCH & LOMB (SINGAPORE) PRIVATE LIMITED 1990-05-04 Not applicable Singapore flag
MINIMS FLUORESCEIN SODIUM EYE DROPS 2% w/v Solution 2 % w/v Ophthalmic BAUSCH & LOMB (SINGAPORE) PRIVATE LIMITED 1990-05-04 Not applicable Singapore flag
Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Altafluor Fluorescein sodium (2.5 mg/1mL) + Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (4 mg/1mL) Solution Ophthalmic Altaire Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2018-03-01 Not applicable US flag
Altafluor Fluorescein sodium (2.5 mg/1mL) + Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (4 mg/1mL) Solution Ophthalmic Altaire Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2017-01-01 2018-04-19 US flag
Fluorescein Sodium & Benoxinate Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution, USP Fluorescein sodium (0.25 %) + Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (0.4 %) Solution Ophthalmic Bausch & Lomb Inc 1998-10-27 Not applicable Canada flag
Fluorescein Sodium and Benoxinate Hydrochloride Fluorescein sodium (2.6 mg/1mL) + Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (4.4 mg/1mL) Solution / drops Ophthalmic Bausch & Lomb Incorporated 2020-03-20 Not applicable US flag
Fluorescein Sodium and Benoxinate Hydrochloride Fluorescein sodium (2.6 mg/1mL) + Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (4.4 mg/1mL) Solution / drops Ophthalmic Bausch & Lomb Americas Inc. 2020-03-20 Not applicable US flag
Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Angiofluor Fluorescein sodium (250 mg/1mL) Injection, solution Intravenous Alliance Inj LLC 2000-12-01 2012-02-29 US flag
Angiofluor Lite Fluorescein sodium (100 mg/1mL) Injection, solution Intravenous Alliance Inj LLC 2001-10-01 2012-02-29 US flag
Angiofluor Lite Fluorescein sodium (250 mg/1mL) Injection, solution Intravenous Alliance Inj LLC 2002-03-01 2012-02-29 US flag
BioGlo Fluorescein sodium (1 mg/1mg) Strip Ophthalmic HUB Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2012-04-01 Not applicable US flag
BioGlo Fluorescein sodium (1 mg/1mg) Strip Ophthalmic REMEDYREPACK INC. 2014-08-04 2017-06-24 US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
S01JA01 — Fluorescein S01JA51 — Fluorescein, combinations
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthenes. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a xanthene moiety, which consists of two benzene rings joined to each other by a pyran ring.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Benzopyrans
Sub Class
1-benzopyrans
Direct Parent
Xanthenes
Alternative Parents
Diarylethers / Phthalides / Benzofuranones / Isobenzofurans / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Lactones / Carboxylic acid esters / Oxacyclic compounds / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Organic oxides
show 1 more
Substituents
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Benzenoid / Benzofuranone / Carboxylic acid derivative / Carboxylic acid ester / Diaryl ether / Ether / Hydrocarbon derivative / Isobenzofuran
show 10 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
xanthene dye, polyphenol, gamma-lactone (CHEBI:31624)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
TPY09G7XIR
CAS number
2321-07-5
InChI Key
GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C20H12O5/c21-11-5-7-15-17(9-11)24-18-10-12(22)6-8-16(18)20(15)14-4-2-1-3-13(14)19(23)25-20/h1-10,21-22H
IUPAC Name
3',6'-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthen]-3-one
SMILES
OC1=CC=C2C(OC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C22OC(=O)C3=C2C=CC=C3)=C1

References

Synthesis Reference

Richard T. Dean, Conrad P. Dorn, Jr., Tsung-Ying Shen, "Fluorescein esters and ethers and the preparation thereof." U.S. Patent US4304720, issued January, 1972.

US4304720
General References
  1. Noga EJ, Udomkusonsri P: Fluorescein: a rapid, sensitive, nonlethal method for detecting skin ulceration in fish. Vet Pathol. 2002 Nov;39(6):726-31. [Article]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014831
KEGG Drug
D01261
PubChem Compound
16850
PubChem Substance
46504703
ChemSpider
15968
BindingDB
50237588
RxNav
25138
ChEBI
31624
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1057
ZINC
ZINC000003860453
PharmGKB
PA164746009
PDBe Ligand
FLU
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Wikipedia
Fluorescein
MSDS
Download (73 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count
4 Completed Diagnostic Ureteral Patency 1
4 Recruiting Diagnostic Retinal Diseases 1
4 Suspended Diagnostic Fluorescein angiography 1
4 Terminated Treatment Adult Intracranial Neoplasm / Vascular: Intracranial 1
4 Unknown Status Diagnostic Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia 1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
  • Alcon inc
Packagers
  • Accutome Inc.
  • Akorn Inc.
  • Alcon Laboratories
  • Altaire Pharmaceuticals
  • Amend
  • Amphastar Pharmaceuticals
  • Bausch & Lomb Inc.
  • Cardinal Health
  • Conta Care Ophthalmics and Diagnostics
  • Deca Pharmaceuticals LLC
  • Dispensing Solutions
  • Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
  • Eye Care and Cure Corp.
  • Eye Supply Usa Inc.
  • HUB Pharmaceuticals
  • Nomax Inc.
  • Ocusoft
  • OMJ Pharmaceuticals
  • Physicians Total Care Inc.
  • Southwood Pharmaceuticals
  • Taylor Pharmaceuticals
  • Wilson Ophthalmic Corp.
Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength
Injection Intravenous 100 mg/1mL
Injection Intravenous 250 mg/1mL
Strip Ophthalmic 1 mg/1mg
Strip Ophthalmic 0.12 mg/1
Injection, solution Ophthalmic
Injection Intravenous 500 mg/1mL
Solution Intravenous 250 mg / mL
Solution / drops Ophthalmic
Injection, solution Intravenous 100 mg/1mL
Injection, solution Intravenous 250 mg/1mL
Injection, solution Intravenous 0.5 g/5ml
Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 250 mg
Solution Intravenous 100 mg
Injection, solution Intravenous 1 G/5ML
Injection, solution Ophthalmic 100 mg/1mL
Solution Intravenous 10 %
Injection, solution Ophthalmic 10 %
Liquid Parenteral 25 %
Injection, solution Intravenous
Strip Ophthalmic 1 mg
Solution / drops Ophthalmic
Liquid Ophthalmic
Solution Ophthalmic
Strip Ophthalmic 1.0 mg/1
Liquid Intravenous 25 %
Strip Ophthalmic 0.6 mg/1
Strip Ophthalmic 1 mg/1
Solution / drops Ophthalmic 2 % w/v
Solution Ophthalmic 2 % w/v
Solution / drops Ophthalmic; Topical
Injection, solution Intravenous 500 mg/5ml
Liquid Intravenous 250 mg / mL
Solution Intravenous 100 mg / mL
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Fluorescein 2% droptainer 12.0USD ml
Fluorescite 10% ampul 5.99USD ml
Fluorescein lite 25% vial 4.29USD ml
Ak-fluor 25% vial 3.9USD ml
Fluorescein sodium 25% vial 2.4USD ml
Fluorescein lite 10% vial 1.72USD ml
Ak-fluor 10% vial 1.56USD ml
Fluorescein sodium 10% vial 0.96USD ml
Fluorescein powder 0.08USD g
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region
US10293047 No 2019-05-21 2037-11-15 US flag
US10632197 No 2020-04-28 2037-11-15 US flag
US10842872 No 2020-11-24 2037-11-15 US flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point (°C) 315 dec °C PhysProp
water solubility 600 mg/mL (sodium salt) Not Available
logP 3.4 Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
Water Solubility 0.0255 mg/mL ALOGPS
logP 2.64 ALOGPS
logP 3.88 Chemaxon
logS -4.1 ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic) 8.72 Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic) -3.7 Chemaxon
Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area 75.99 Å2 Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon
Refractivity 91.22 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon
Polarizability 33.14 Å3 Chemaxon
Number of Rings 5 Chemaxon
Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon
Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon
Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon
Veber's Rule No Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9542
Blood Brain Barrier + 0.8803
Caco-2 permeable - 0.8076
P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.5063
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9612
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9393
Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8702
CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8032
CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8972
CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6669
CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.6827
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.7325
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8381
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7311
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.5166
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.7479
Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9133
Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9437
Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9431
Rat acute toxicity 2.7602 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9805
hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9481
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS) GC-MS splash10-001i-1353900000-611445d6ab5246bd851e
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS splash10-004i-0293000000-5c35ecc919b17d5620ee
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B GC-MS splash10-000i-2290000000-eaff9e9aba714ba94d70
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B GC-MS splash10-000i-0090000000-074ba8ce3e0f48eac1d4
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS GC-MS splash10-001i-1353900000-611445d6ab5246bd851e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-001i-0009000000-ed0af5dab5a4bf01ae8f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0019-0097000000-5521ade7b0fec9fd07c5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-001i-0009000000-4cd93bbb46b61a14526c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-000i-0093000000-93cfbf235912243bb1fd
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0550-0095000000-1009c9cc8319236853aa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-000g-6090000000-4628f0bc627706680427
1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source
[M-H]- 187.9563005
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]- 176.1639455
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]- 188.0374005
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]- 178.7641
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+ 188.0805005
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+ 178.0169652
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+ 188.5183005
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+ 181.1221
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+ 188.5961005
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+ 191.7176545
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+ 188.8091005
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+ 188.00163
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Other
General Function
Antigen binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
P06310
Uniprot Name
Ig kappa chain V-II region RPMI 6410
Molecular Weight
14706.62 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Nucleotide
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Other
DNA is the molecule of heredity, as it is responsible for the genetic propagation of most inherited traits. It is a polynucleic acid that carries genetic information on cell growth, division, and function. DNA consists of two long strands of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and held together by hydrogen bonds. The sequence of nucleotides determines hereditary characteristics. Each strand serves as the template for subsequent DNA replication and as a template for mRNA production, leading to protein synthesis via ribosomes.
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Estevez-Torres A, Gosse C, Le Saux T, Allemand JF, Croquette V, Berthoumieux H, Lemarchand A, Jullien L: Fourier analysis to measure diffusion coefficients and resolve mixtures on a continuous electrophoresis chip. Anal Chem. 2007 Nov 1;79(21):8222-31. Epub 2007 Sep 25. [Article]
  4. Huang YM, Qi YJ, Zhu YL, Tong DY, Wu XY: [Polymorphism of 7 Y-STR loci in Chinese populations by multiplex PCR genotyping using fluorescein-labeled primers]. Yi Chuan. 2007 Oct;29(10):1214-22. [Article]
  5. Pennathur S, Baldessari F, Santiago JG, Kattah MG, Steinman JB, Utz PJ: Free-solution oligonucleotide separation in nanoscale channels. Anal Chem. 2007 Nov 1;79(21):8316-22. Epub 2007 Sep 21. [Article]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
Curator comments
Substrate profile was investigated in vitro using CHO and HEK293 cells.
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
Gene Name
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID
Q4U2R8
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 6
Molecular Weight
61815.78 Da
References
  1. Lu R, Chan BS, Schuster VL: Cloning of the human kidney PAH transporter: narrow substrate specificity and regulation by protein kinase C. Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 2):F295-303. [Article]
  2. VanWert AL, Gionfriddo MR, Sweet DH: Organic anion transporters: discovery, pharmacology, regulation and roles in pathophysiology. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2010 Jan;31(1):1-71. doi: 10.1002/bdd.693. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
Gene Name
ABCB11
Uniprot ID
O95342
Uniprot Name
Bile salt export pump
Molecular Weight
146405.83 Da
References
  1. Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Fluorescent substrates of sister-P-glycoprotein (BSEP) evaluated as markers of active transport and inhibition: evidence for contingent unequal binding sites. Pharm Res. 2003 Apr;20(4):537-44. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
Gene Name
ABCC1
Uniprot ID
P33527
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Molecular Weight
171589.5 Da
References
  1. Sun H, Johnson DR, Finch RA, Sartorelli AC, Miller DW, Elmquist WF: Transport of fluorescein in MDCKII-MRP1 transfected cells and mrp1-knockout mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 22;284(4):863-9. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 29, 2024 03:23