A Brief History of Mansaf, Jordan's National Dish

Mansaf ( lamb cooked in a sauce of fermented dried yogurt and served with rice). The national dish of Jordan.
Mansaf ( lamb cooked in a sauce of fermented dried yogurt and served with rice). The national dish of Jordan. | © Blaine Harrington III / Getty Images
Ginin Dunia Rifai

Jordan has exquisite cuisine ranging from heavy dishes to light meals. Explore Jordan’s most celebrated dish, present at almost every joyous event: mansaf.

Origin

Mansaf, meaning “large platter,” (or “destructive,” in reference to how fatty the dish is), has developed drastically over the years. First prepared in the Bedouins of Jordan with lesser-known ingredients, what used to be called mansaf was camel or lamb meat cooked with meat broth or ghee and a side of shrak or markook bread. Rice was not introduced into the dish until the late 1920s, and jameed, sour fermented yogurt, is a recent development.

Rise in popularity

How it is made

Jameed, the delicious essence of mansaf, can be easily prepared at home by boiling sheep’s or goat’s milk, which is then fermented and kept in a woven cheesecloth; salt is added to thicken the milk into yogurt that is then shaped into balls. Karak, one of Jordan’s most notable cities, is famous for manufacturing the best quality of jameed.
mansaf takes a good hour to prepare it. Pieces of meat are added to a block of cooked jameed and seasoned until well done while the rice is cooked separately. The dish is served in a large platter in a specific order: a base layer of flatbread, alternating layers of rice and jameed, topped with meat, and finished with a spoonful of jameed and decorated with pine nuts and almonds. Some Jordanians will use the head of the camel or sheep as decoration as a symbol of the good quality of the meat.

A special food for special occassions

A large platter of mansaf must be present at every major occasion: funerals, weddings, births, graduations, religious holidays, and Jordan’s Independence Day. It is traditionally eaten in the rural Bedouin style, with the platter on an elevated table and people standing around it, sometimes with the left fist behind their backs and using the right hand in a cupping motion to collect the rice and meat into balls.

Urban adaptations

An urban version of mansaf substitutes meat with poultry, but this variety is most commonly prepared by Syrians and call it shakryyeh. But Jordanians won’t call it mansaf or admit to eating it.
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