Abstract
A novel computer aided manufacturing (CAM) method for electrocorticography (ECoG) microelectrodes was developed to be able to manufacture small, high density microelectrode arrays based on laser-structuring medical grade silicone rubber and high purity platinum. With this manufacturing process, we plan to target clinical applications, such as presurgical epilepsy monitoring, functional imaging during cerebral tumor resections and brain-computer interface control in paralysed patients, in the near future. This paper describes the manufacturing, implantation and long-term behaviour of such an electrode array. In detail, we implanted 8-channel electrode arrays subdurally over rat cerebral cortex over a period of up to 25 weeks. Our primary objective was to ascertain the electrode’s stability over time, and to analyse the host response in vivo. For this purpose, impedance measurements were carried out at regular intervals over the first 18 weeks of the implantation period. The impedances changed between day 4 and day 7 after implantation, and then remained stable until the end of the implantation period, in accordance with typical behaviour of chronically implanted microelectrodes. A post-mortem histological examination was made to assess the tissue reaction due to the implantation. A mild, chronically granulated inflammation was found in the area of the implant, which was essentially restricted to the leptomeninges. Overall, these findings suggest that the concept of the presented ECoG-electrodes is promising for use in long-term implantations.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Dr. Martin Schuettler for discussions and Wolfgang Meier for assembly. This study was supported by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF Grant: Go Bio, FZK: 313891).
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors agree to declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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Henle, C., Raab, M., Cordeiro, J.G. et al. First long term in vivo study on subdurally implanted Micro-ECoG electrodes, manufactured with a novel laser technology. Biomed Microdevices 13, 59–68 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-010-9471-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-010-9471-9