The insular cortex is depicted as a brain hub, crucial for the recurrent handling of response-representations during response selection and cancellation across both straightforward (automatic) and complex (conditional) stimulus–response mappings, providing a neural basis for general cognitive accounts on action control.

This study proposes a novel analytical modeling framework for non-invasively estimating brain-heart interplay at the source-brain level and validates it using experimental EEG and HRV data recorded during cold pressor test. Results confirmed previous findings and reported a bidirectional activity increasing during cold-pressor in delta, beta, and gamma EEG bands.

Associating distinct word labels with specific odorants not only differentiated perceptions of the same odorants but also differentiated multi-voxel activity patterns within the primary olfactory cortex, as demonstrated by using ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

The synthetic learning approach presents several key features for segmenting newborn brain MRIs. In particular, it is more robust to variations in image contrast and quality than a classical UNet, which is critical in this period of active brain maturation. Ground truth is shown in red, predictions in green.