l-Cysteine metabolism and its nutritional implications
Jie Yin
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
These authors contributed equally to this study.
Search for more papers by this authorWenkai Ren
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
These authors contributed equally to this study.
Search for more papers by this authorGuan Yang
Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJielin Duan
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorXingguo Huang
Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China
Search for more papers by this authorRejun Fang
Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China
Search for more papers by this authorChongyong Li
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Tiejun Li
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
Additional corresponding author: Tiejun Li E-mail: [email protected]
Correspondence: Yulong Yin
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yulong Yin
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
Correspondence: Yulong Yin
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYongqing Hou
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorSung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGuoyao Wu
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJie Yin
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
These authors contributed equally to this study.
Search for more papers by this authorWenkai Ren
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
These authors contributed equally to this study.
Search for more papers by this authorGuan Yang
Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJielin Duan
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorXingguo Huang
Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China
Search for more papers by this authorRejun Fang
Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China
Search for more papers by this authorChongyong Li
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Tiejun Li
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
Additional corresponding author: Tiejun Li E-mail: [email protected]
Correspondence: Yulong Yin
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yulong Yin
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
Correspondence: Yulong Yin
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYongqing Hou
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorSung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGuoyao Wu
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorColour online: See the article online to view Fig. 1 in colour.
Abstract
l-Cysteine is a nutritionally semiessential amino acid and is present mainly in the form of l-cystine in the extracellular space. With the help of a transport system, extracellular l-cystine crosses the plasma membrane and is reduced to l-cysteine within cells by thioredoxin and reduced glutathione (GSH). Intracellular l-cysteine plays an important role in cellular homeostasis as a precursor for protein synthesis, and for production of GSH, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and taurine. l-Cysteine-dependent synthesis of GSH has been investigated in many pathological conditions, while the pathway for l-cysteine metabolism to form H2S has received little attention with regard to prevention and treatment of disease in humans. The main objective of this review is to highlight the metabolic pathways of l-cysteine catabolism to GSH, H2S, and taurine, with special emphasis on therapeutic and nutritional use of l-cysteine to improve the health and well-being of animals and humans.
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