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Review Article
Open Access
Metabolism and Colorectal Cancer
- Joseph C. Sedlak1,2, Ömer H. Yilmaz1,3, and Jatin Roper4,5
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View Affiliations Hide AffiliationsAffiliations: 1The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; email: [email protected] 2Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 3Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 4Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; email: [email protected] 5Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Vol. 18:467-492 (Volume publication date January 2023) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-041113
- First published as a Review in Advance on November 02, 2022
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Copyright © 2023 by the author(s).This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC cells are geared toward rapid proliferation, requiring nutrients and the removal of cellular waste in nutrient-poor environments. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs), the primary cell of origin for CRCs, must adapt their metabolism along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence to the unique features of their complex microenvironment that include interactions with intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells, stromal cells, commensal microbes, and dietary components. Emerging evidence implicates modifiable risk factors related to the environment, such as diet, as important in CRC pathogenesis. Here, we focus on describing the metabolism of ISCs, diets that influence CRC initiation, CRC genetics and metabolism, and the tumor microenvironment. The mechanistic links between environmental factors, metabolic adaptations, and the tumor microenvironment in enhancing or supporting CRC tumorigenesis are becoming better understood. Thus, greater knowledge of CRC metabolism holds promise for improved prevention and treatment.
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