- Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany
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Bibliotheca Hertziana’s Biondo research group questions an epistemology of spaces and their changes in the early modern history. At focus are relations between historical maps and texts aiming to explore the historical understanding of... more
Bibliotheca Hertziana’s Biondo research group questions an epistemology of spaces and their changes in the early modern history. At focus are relations between historical maps and texts aiming to explore the historical understanding of spaces and the knowledge associated with it. We take up approaches from cognitive science and computational linguistics arguing that cognitive maps depict culture-specific spatial knowledge and practices. Our interdisciplinary project combines cognitive-semantic parameters such as toponyms, landmarks, spatial frames of reference, geometric relations, gestalt principles and different perspectives with computational and cognitive linguistic analysis. Using new text and map markup and corpus-specific quantitative methods, historical geographical texts are processed and reinterpreted. Long-term research questions are: Which forms of knowledge represent spatial relations? How can spatial transformation processes be represented and analyzed? What is the con...
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Psychology and Cognition
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Computer Science and DHD
In parsing natural language, incremental semantics composition is one of the most prominent issues. In the past, numerous approaches have been developed for assigning meaning to noun and verbal phrases and their complements and modiers.... more
In parsing natural language, incremental semantics composition is one of the most prominent issues. In the past, numerous approaches have been developed for assigning meaning to noun and verbal phrases and their complements and modiers. Often, their inferential power is too low for practical applications or the expressiveness of the representation language leads to intractable inference procedures. As an answer to these problems, we discuss an approach that relies on Description Logics for handling this class of semantics construction. We show how a semantic knowledge base can be setup. We exploit the equivalence between Dis- course Representation Structures limited to the expressiveness of ALC and ABoxes for validating DRS with respect to a given knowledge base.
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In this paper we present the WissKI System, an open source Virtual Research Environment and Content Management System for Cultural Heritage. It promotes semantic enrichment of data on the basis of OWL / RDF using the ontology CIDOC CRM /... more
In this paper we present the WissKI System, an open source Virtual Research Environment and Content Management System for Cultural Heritage. It promotes semantic enrichment of data on the basis of OWL / RDF using the ontology CIDOC CRM / ISO 21127. The data is rendered in a Wikipedia-like fashion, combining textual, visual and structured information (info boxes) for a documented object on one page. Likewise, data can be acquired using field-based forms and semi-automatically annotated free text, resembling the most common traditional modes of documentation in the cultural heritage domain. This retains a user-friendly visualisation while at the same time providing detailed RDF triple data for automatic processing and data exchange.
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Abstract. We present an interdisciplinary approach to implicit knowl-edge of spatial cognition in common sense geography. Structures such as, e.g., distance, scale, topology, trajectory and frames of reference are believed to be encoded... more
Abstract. We present an interdisciplinary approach to implicit knowl-edge of spatial cognition in common sense geography. Structures such as, e.g., distance, scale, topology, trajectory and frames of reference are believed to be encoded as mental maps. Furthermore, we refer to com-mon sense as ‘naive ’ perception and descriptions of space and the use of ‘intuitive ’ arguments in geographical contexts. The empirical data sets comprise of ancient written texts from different periods and sources. Our methodology combines annotating and parsing techniques based on corpus data analysis as a (semi-) automated analysis and cognitive pa-rameters applied in cognitive linguistics. These parameters are based on gestalt-psychological principles such as figure-ground asymmetries. We argue that the survey of ancient texts provides further insights whether there are basic epistemological expressions of spatial orientation that might be candidates for universals. As a first example, we investigate
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Universität Regensburg. Kontakt Impressum. Navigation. Studium. Fakultäten. Aktuelles Alumni Europaeum Forschung Internationales Klinikum Kultur und Freizeit Mensa Presse RUL Sportzentrum Sprachenzentrum Studierende aktiv Universität... more
Universität Regensburg. Kontakt Impressum. Navigation. Studium. Fakultäten. Aktuelles Alumni Europaeum Forschung Internationales Klinikum Kultur und Freizeit Mensa Presse RUL Sportzentrum Sprachenzentrum Studierende aktiv Universität Hilfe... ...
Integration of new utterances into context is a central task in any model for rational (human-machine) dialogues in natural language. In this paper, a pragmatics-flrst approach to specifying the meaning of utterances in terms of plans is... more
Integration of new utterances into context is a central task in any model for rational (human-machine) dialogues in natural language. In this paper, a pragmatics-flrst approach to specifying the meaning of utterances in terms of plans is presented. These plans are computed dur- ing a dialogue on the basis of information about the current situation that is updated continually. New
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CIDOC’s CRM has been introduced as a formal reference ontology with a particular focus on cultural heritage documentation. Meanwhile acknowledged as an ISO standard (21127:2006), one of its main goals is to facilitate interoperability... more
CIDOC’s CRM has been introduced as a formal reference ontology with a particular focus on cultural heritage documentation. Meanwhile acknowledged as an ISO standard (21127:2006), one of its main goals is to facilitate interoperability between data and database schemata. In order to take full advantage of CRM’s benefits, an implementation in a modern knowledge representation language has been a desideratum for quite a while. Suitable candidates for very expressive, albeit decidable knowledge representation languages are Description Logics. A dialect of the Web Ontology Language, OWL-DL, based on XML and RDF/RDFS(FA) within the Semantic Web language hierarchy, is equivalent to a very expressive description logic. To satisfy the needs arising from practical applications, we have developed an implementation of the most recent CRM version in OWL-DL. We will discuss problems of formalization of the scope notes by a few typical examples, and, furthermore, point out some problems in the des...
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Die Definition von Kunstlicher Intelligenz unterlag im Laufe der Forschungsgeschichte des breiten Feldes der Ubertragung einer Intelligenz auf ein kunstliches System starken Schwankungen. Die Herleitung einer Begriffsdefinition aus dem... more
Die Definition von Kunstlicher Intelligenz unterlag im Laufe der Forschungsgeschichte des breiten Feldes der Ubertragung einer Intelligenz auf ein kunstliches System starken Schwankungen. Die Herleitung einer Begriffsdefinition aus dem Terminus Kunstliche Intelligenz stellt die blose Interpretation der Kombination der Worter kunstlich und intelligent dar. Ein Objekt, eine Eigenschaft oder ein Verhalten ist kunstlich, wenn es „nicht naturlich, sondern mit chemischen und technischen Mitteln nachgebildet, nach einem naturlichen Vorbild angelegt, gefertigt, geschaffen, naturliche Vorgange nachahmend, nicht auf naturliche Weise vor sich gehend, gekunstelt, [oder] unnaturlich“ (Dudenredaktion, o. J.b) ist. Ferner ist etwas als intelligent zu bezeichnen, wenn es „Intelligenz besitzend oder zeigend“ (Dudenredaktion, o. J.a) ist. Dies wurde die Definition von Kunstlicher Intelligenz als kunstlich geschaffenes, nachgebildetes, gekunsteltes, mit technischen Mitteln erzeugtes oder unnaturliches intelligentes Handeln oder alleine die Moglichkeit intelligentes Verhalten zu replizieren herleiten.
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Modelling rational dialogues on the basis of Finite-State Automata has shown to be of limited use when natural speech behaviour and dynamic adaptation to new domains are an issue. To enable such a flexible, robust and generic dialogue... more
Modelling rational dialogues on the basis of Finite-State Automata has shown to be of limited use when natural speech behaviour and dynamic adaptation to new domains are an issue. To enable such a flexible, robust and generic dialogue management, we rely on an approachcharacterized by a logically precise modelling of the linguistic and appli- cation aspects of the domain in
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Spoken { and even written { language dialogue systems become ofincreasing importance for various information gathering and device controllingtasks. With an example taken form the EMBASSI joint project,after a brief discussion of the... more
Spoken { and even written { language dialogue systems become ofincreasing importance for various information gathering and device controllingtasks. With an example taken form the EMBASSI joint project,after a brief discussion of the linguistic processing part, we describe howdescription logics are used in modeling the application domain as well asthe linguistic domain. Linking lexical semantics with application specicconcepts is a
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Zum Begriff Kunstliche Intelligenz • Die Entwicklung der KI • Symbolische Reprasentation - die Wissensebene • Verteilung und Situiertheit • Nicht-symbolische Ansatze und Maschinelles Lernen • Verkorperung (Embodiment) • Teilbereiche und... more
Zum Begriff Kunstliche Intelligenz • Die Entwicklung der KI • Symbolische Reprasentation - die Wissensebene • Verteilung und Situiertheit • Nicht-symbolische Ansatze und Maschinelles Lernen • Verkorperung (Embodiment) • Teilbereiche und Anwendungsgebiete der KI
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SO -- you may well ask -- WHAT? Here's what: the development of large, distributed AI systems, subject to access by many different people and systems, requires that system developers" look to the Database community for... more
SO -- you may well ask -- WHAT? Here's what: the development of large, distributed AI systems, subject to access by many different people and systems, requires that system developers" look to the Database community for help and guidance. It would be idiotic for ...
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For a long time I have been looking for a task domain which satisfies Drew McDermott's famous precondition for interesting work in language production: "We must have a program with something to say'*. I am in... more
For a long time I have been looking for a task domain which satisfies Drew McDermott's famous precondition for interesting work in language production: "We must have a program with something to say'*. I am in the preliminary stages of a project to see if the task of process ...
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For a long time I have been looking for a task domain which satisfies Drew McDermott's famous precondition for interesting work in language production: "We must have a program with something to say'*. I am in the... more
For a long time I have been looking for a task domain which satisfies Drew McDermott's famous precondition for interesting work in language production: "We must have a program with something to say'*. I am in the preliminary stages of a project to see if the task of process ...
The WissKI system provides a framework for ontology-based science communication and cultural heritage documentation. In many cases, the documentation consists of semi-structured data records with free text fields. Most references in the... more
The WissKI system provides a framework for ontology-based science communication and cultural heritage documentation. In many cases, the documentation consists of semi-structured data records with free text fields. Most references in the texts comprise of person and place names, as well as time specifications. We present the WissKI tools for semantic annotation using controlled vocabularies and formal ontologies derived from
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We present an agent-based supply chain monitoring system for trackingorders and their related suborders. We introduce an ontology to enablethe necessary communication between the agents. Its design andimplementation are discussed in detail.
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PC-Life, a dialect of the LIFE language designed by Aït-Kaci, extends the original design by some features, the most important of which are distributed disjunctions. LIFE integrates the functional and the logic-oriented programming... more
PC-Life, a dialect of the LIFE language designed by Aït-Kaci, extends the original design by some features, the most important of which are distributed disjunctions. LIFE integrates the functional and the logic-oriented programming styles, and feature types supporting inheritance. This language is well suited for knowledge representation, in particular for applications in computational linguistics.
ABSTRACT . This article describes a probabilistic context free grammarapproximation method for unification grammars. In order to producegood results, the method is combined with an N best parsing extensionto chart parsing. The first part... more
ABSTRACT . This article describes a probabilistic context free grammarapproximation method for unification grammars. In order to producegood results, the method is combined with an N best parsing extensionto chart parsing. The first part of the paper introduces the grammarapproximation method, while the second part describes details of anefficient N-best packing and unpacking scheme for chart parsing.1 IntroductionRecently much attention has been payed to the integration of speech and...
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Speech repairs occur often in spontaneous spoken dialogues. The ability to detect and correct those repairs is necessary for any spoken language system. We present a framework to detect and correct speech repairs where all relevant levels... more
Speech repairs occur often in spontaneous spoken dialogues. The ability to detect and correct those repairs is necessary for any spoken language system. We present a framework to detect and correct speech repairs where all relevant levels of information, i. e., acoustics, lexis, syntax and semantics can be integrated. The basic idea is to reduce the search space for repairs
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For the semantic evaluation of natural language sen- tences, in particular those containing generalized quantifiers, we sub- scribe to the generate and test methodology to produce models of such sentences. These models are considered as... more
For the semantic evaluation of natural language sen- tences, in particular those containing generalized quantifiers, we sub- scribe to the generate and test methodology to produce models of such sentences. These models are considered as means by which the sentences can be interpreted within a natural language processing system. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate that answer set pro- gramming is a simple, efficient and particularly well suited model generation technique for this purpose, leading to a straightforward implementation.
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The Behaim Globe of 1492 is the oldest extant globe of the earth. It is an early masterpiece of different scientific and technological achievements; nowadays it is a famous exhibit of the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg. Its map... more
The Behaim Globe of 1492 is the oldest extant globe of the earth. It is an early masterpiece of different scientific and technological achievements; nowadays it is a famous exhibit of the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg. Its map image is primarily Ptolemaic, including elements ...
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Haya Shida, Subscribe (Full Service), Register (Limited Service, Free), Login. Search: The ACM Digital Library The Guide. ...