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Law 14 – The Penalty Kick
The Penalty Kick
  A penalty kick is awarded against a team that commits one of the ten offences for which a direct free kick is awarded, inside its own penalty area and while the ball is in play.

A goal may be scored directly from a penalty kick.

Additional time is allowed for a penalty kick to be taken at the end of each half or at the end of periods of extra time.
Position of the Ball and the Players
 
The ball:
  • is placed on the penalty mark.
The player taking the penalty kick:
  • is properly identified.
The defending goalkeeper:
  • remains on his goal line, facing the kicker, between the goalposts until the ball has been kicked.

more on The Penalty Kick