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Aviation History
1994
1994 - 1733.PDF
AIRLINE SAFETY REVIEW Notes Accident data have been gathered from Flight International's researchers, Airclaims, the Aviation Department of Lloyds of London, the international insurance market, and from the UK Civil Aviation Authority's Safety Data Analysis Unit. Airclaims now has an agreement on co operation and information exchange with the CIS Interstate Aviation Committee Commission for Flight Safety. This has improved our ability to report fully on acci dents and incidents in the CIS. Details of non-fatal accidents and incidents provided by UK and US airlines are more com plete than the data provided by airlines of other countries. This is because information on incidents in these two countries are made available more readily than in other parts of the world. Although this means that the records for this category are not comprehensive, we value the lessons to be learned from those those rela tively few accidents/incidents which we list. Abbreviations: Phase: AA Airfield approach; BAe British Aerospace; CVR cockpit-voice recorder; DME distance-measuring equipment; ECAM electronic centralised aircraft monitor; EICAS engine indicating and crew-alerting sys tem; FDR flight-data recorder; FMS flight-man agement system; G on ground; HP high pres sure; ILS instrument-landing system; L land ing; P B-N Pilatus Britten-Norman; RA runway approach; TO take-off; VOR VHF navigation aid. Conversion factors: lnm = 1.85km; 1ft = 0.3m; lkt = 1.85km/h. FATAL ACCIDENTS: SCHEDULED PASSENGER FLIGHTS Date Carrier Aircraft and Location Fatalities Total occupants Phase Circumstances registration crew pax crew pax 3 Jan Baikal Air TupolevTu-154M Irkutsk, Siberia 9 115 (RA-85656) 22 Mar Aeroflot-Russian Airbus A310-300 Novokuznetsk, Russia 12 63 International (F-OGQS) Airlines 26 Apr China Air Lines Airbus A300-600 Nagoya, Japan 15 249 (B-1816) 6Jun China Northwest Tu-154M Airlines (B-2610) Nr. Xian, China 14 146 9 115 C Starter warning light for No 2 engine illuminated after start-up, but was ignored. During the climb, the engine's starter motor, overspeeeding because it had failed to disconnect from the engine, broke up, destroying the engine and the flight- control hydraulics. The aircraft crashed out of control. 12 63 ER Aircraft was cruising on autopilot en route Moscow-Hong Kong at night. It dis appeared from radar screens without a distress call. Early FDR reports indicate a dramatic spiral descent with two 3.8g rapid pull-ups and stalls. Just before impact, the aircraft appeared to have nearly regained a stable flight path. The captain's two children are known to have been on the flight deck at the time the the descent began, and the possibility that they may have been in the pilots' seats at that point is being investigated, as is autopilot behaviour. The Russian Depart ment of Air Transport has said that there is no evidence of airframe, engine or systems failure. 15 256 RA Co-pilot began ILS approach manually with autothrottle engaged. At 1,040ft one of the crew, apparently unintentionally, selected automatic go-around mode and neither he nor the pilot realised why the remainder of the approach was a cons tant manual battle to counteract what the throttle, pitch control and flight director were doing. At 700ft, crew engaged both autopilots, but then overrode the power- up and pitch-up demands manually and finally disengaged autopilot. The result of manually overriding the autopilot using pitch-down elevator was stabiliser set at fully pitch-up, so at disengagement the aircraft climbed at pitch 52°, stalled at 980ft, and never recovered. The aircraft hit the ground hard, tailfirst. 14 146 C About 8min after take-off, the aircraft went dramatically out of control, broke up and crashed. Russian investigators working with the Chinese team report that the disaster started when the autopilot was engaged. Before the flight, the autopilot was being repaired, and the crash investigators found the autopilot yaw and roll channels cross-wired to the wrong control systems. FATAL ACCIDENTS: NON-SCHEDULED PASSENGER FLIGHTS - There are no accidents in this category FATAL ACCIDENTS: REGIONAL AND COMMUTER AIRLINES Date Carrier Aircraft and registration Location Fatalities Total occupants Phase Circumstances crew pax crew pax 7 Jan United Express BAe Jetstream 41 Columbus, Ohio, 2 3 (UA6291) USA 25 Feb Espresso Aereo Yakovlev Yak-40 Cerro Carpich, Peru 5 26 (OB-1559) 4 Apr KLM CityHopper Saab 340B (PH-KSH) Schiphol Airport, 1 2 Amsterdam, Netherlands 25 Apr Dirgantara Air P B-N Islander Nr Nagah Pinoh, 1 Service (PK-ZAA) Kalimantan, Indonesia 29 Apr Lineas Aereas Cessna 208 de los Libertadores (HK-3470) 28 May Trans Oriente 18Jun Merpati Nusantara Fokker F27-500 Nr. Palu, Indonesia Airlines (PK-MFI) Nr. El Rosal, Colombia 1 7 4 7 Douglas DC-3 Vilaviencio, Colombia 3 (HK-2213) 3 6 RA In-bound from Washington DC. Descent rate suddenly increased on bad-weath er approach and aircraft hit ground about 2km short of runway. Initial reports say that mechanical or systems failure has not been detected. 5 26 C Contact lost 6min after take-off from Tingu Maria for Lima. Aircraft crashed into high ground at 13,000ft. 3 21 RA Having left Amsterdam, the pilot notified that he had problems with starboard (No.2) engine and his intention to return. Approach was made in good condi tions with No.2 engine selected to flight idle. For unclear reason, pilot elected to go-around just before landing. He advanced No.1 throttle and the aircraft began to veer sharply right, then hit the ground and cartwheeled, stopping 700m right of runway. Initial reports suggest that, at go-around, there was minimal rudder input to counteract asymmetric forces and that No.2 engine was causing wind- milling drag by being at flight idle instead of zero-thrust position. 1 10 ER Hit high ground in bad weather. 1 8 AA While descending for approach at El Dorado Airport, Bogota, aircraft crashed into mountainside. 3 26 C Engine failure shortly after take-off. Pilot was attempting to return to airport. Survivors were seriously injured. 5 7 AA Crashed into high ground in bad weather on descent to Palu Airport. 26 Jun Air Ivoire F27-400M (TU-TIP) Abidjan, Ivory Coast 3 13 3 14 RA In-bound domestic flight from San Pedro, hit ground and broke up during final approach. Local time 19:30, no adverse weather reported. FLIGHT INTERNA TIONAL 20 - 26 July, 1994 31
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