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Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on PC12 Neuronal-Like Cells: Proliferation, Differentiation, and Dopamine Secretion

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Abstract

Purpose

Oxidative stress has been found to play a key role in several diseases, that range from cancer to neurodegenerative disorders. Besides traditional anti-oxidant agents, in recent years much attention has been focused on nanotechnological solutions, including cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria).

Methods

Thanks to its extraordinary catalytic properties, nanoceria mimics the activity of superoxide dismutase and of catalase, therefore acting as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger in many biological contexts. In this paper, we report on nanoceria interactions with PC12 cell line, that represents a valuable model for many features of central dopaminergic neurons.

Results

Nanoceria confirmed a strong anti-ROS action but, most interestingly, also showed beneficial effects on both cell differentiation and dopamine production.

Conclusions

Even if deeper examinations will be necessary in order to better clarify the mechanisms at the base of the documented effects, nanoceria demonstrated a significant potential as pharmacological agent in the treatment of neurological disorders.

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Abbreviations

EDS:

energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay

NC:

nanoceria

NGF:

nerve growth factor

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy

    Gianni Ciofani, Giada G. Genchi, Barbara Mazzolai & Virgilio Mattoli

  2. Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, The BioRobotics Institute, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy

    Giada G. Genchi

  3. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies @UniLe, Via Barsanti, 73010, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy

    Ioannis Liakos & Athanassia Athanassiou

  4. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    Valentina Cappello & Mauro Gemmi

Authors
  1. Gianni Ciofani
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  2. Giada G. Genchi
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  3. Ioannis Liakos
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  4. Valentina Cappello
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  6. Athanassia Athanassiou
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  7. Barbara Mazzolai
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  8. Virgilio Mattoli
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Correspondence to Gianni Ciofani.

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Ciofani, G., Genchi, G.G., Liakos, I. et al. Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on PC12 Neuronal-Like Cells: Proliferation, Differentiation, and Dopamine Secretion. Pharm Res 30, 2133–2145 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1071-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1071-y

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