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Sport bei Myokarderkrankungen

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Sportkardiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Myokarderkrankungen sind die Hauptursachen des plötzlichen Herztodes bei unter 35-Jährigen. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen Sammelbegriff für angeborene und erworbene Herzmuskelerkrankungen mit unterschiedlichen Ursachen, Symptomatik, klinischem Verlauf sowie Prognose und Risiko für akute Komplikationen und/oder eine progressive Verschlechterung durch Sport. Bei manchen Kardiomyopathien stellt der plötzliche Herztod das erste Krankheitssymptom dar.

Im Kapitel wird auf die Diagnostik, Therapie, Risikostratifizierung und Sportempfehlungen bei der hypertrophen Kardiomyopathie, der linksventrikulären “non-compaction” Kardiomyopathie, der arrhythmogenen rechtsventrikulären Kardiomyopathie und der Myokardits eingegangen.

In der Gesundheitsuntersuchung (noch) asymptomatischer Sportler kann eine erste Verdachtsdiagnose meist bereits im Ruhe-EKG gestellt werden, die Echokardiografie und das Belastungs-EKG stellen jedoch sinnvolle Ergänzungen dar.

In der Abklärung der Myokarderkrankungen konnten in den letzten Jahren erhebliche Fortschritte, insbesondere durch die Magnetresonanztomografie sowie die Längsschnittbeobachtung betroffener Sportler einschließlich der Auswertung implantierter Defibrillatoren erzielt werden. Inzwischen liegen präzisierte internationale europäische und US-amerikanische Empfehlungen zur sportlichen Belastbarkeit bei den verschiedenen Krankheitsbildern vor.

Bei den meisten Kardiomyopathien besteht eine klare Kontraindikation zum Leistungssport.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxemburg

    Andrei Codreanu, Charles Delagardelle, Laurent Groben & Maria Kyriakopoulou

  2. Service de Médecine du Sport et de Prévention, Clinique du Sport, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Clinique d’Eich, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Axel Urhausen

  3. Human Motion, Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Digital Methods, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Axel Urhausen

  4. Luxembourg Institute of Research in Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Science, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Axel Urhausen

Authors
  1. Andrei Codreanu
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  2. Charles Delagardelle
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  3. Laurent Groben
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  4. Maria Kyriakopoulou
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  5. Axel Urhausen
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Correspondence to Andrei Codreanu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universitätsinstitut für präventive und rehabilitative Sportmedizin, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität Salzburg, Salzburg, Österreich

    Josef Niebauer

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Codreanu, A., Delagardelle, C., Groben, L., Kyriakopoulou, M., Urhausen, A. (2023). Sport bei Myokarderkrankungen. In: Niebauer, J. (eds) Sportkardiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65165-0_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65165-0_23

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