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ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Hazardous Solid Waste Testing: First Conference
By
RA Conway
RA Conway
1
Union Carbide Corporation
,
South Charleston, W. Va. 25303
;
symposium cochairman and co-editor
.
Search for other works by this author on:
BC Malloy
BC Malloy
2
Engineering-Science
,
Berwyn, Pa. 19312
;
symposium cochairman and co-editor
.
Search for other works by this author on:
ISBN-10:
0-8031-0795-1
ISBN:
978-0-8031-0795-3
No. of Pages:
396
Publisher:
ASTM International
Publication date:
1981

Major chronological events in the development of standard extraction tests are identified and discussed, concentrating on those events which have led to the current American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) procedures. Major test parameters for the various tests, such as dilution ratio, agitation method, and extraction medium are summarized. Concerns relative to the application of the extraction tests to waste classification and to assessment of environmental risk are outlined.

1.
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,
E. D.
,
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 0004-7112, No.
9
,
1971
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2.
Connor
,
J. R.
,
Ultimate Disposal of Liquid Wastes by Chemical Fixation
,
Chemfix, Inc.
,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
,
10
1971
.
3.
Japan Environmental Protection Agency
, “
Standard for Hazardous Industrial Waste
,” Environmental Protection Notice No. 13,
Federal Register
, Vol.
38
,
17
02
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.
4.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Federal Register
, Vol.
38
, No.
94
,
1973
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5.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Federal Register
, Vol.
38
, No.
198
,
1973
, pp. 28610-28621.
6.
Shannon
,
D. G.
and
Fine
,
L. O.
,
Environmental Science and Technology
 0013-936X, Vol.
8
, No.
12
,
11
1974
, p. 1026.
7.
Weir
,
A.
,
Carlisle
,
S. T.
, and
Norris
,
J.
, “
The Environmental Effects of Trace Elements in the Pond Disposal of Ash and Flue Gas Desulfurization Sludge
,” Research Project 202,
Electric Power Research Institute
,
Palo Alto, Calif.
,
09
1975
.
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Lorenzen
,
D.
and
Webster
,
W. C.
(
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,
G. F.
,
Piwoni
,
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,
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,
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,
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,
G. M.
,
Richardson
,
J. S.
,
Homer
,
D. H.
, and
Saleh
,
F.
, “
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,”
U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg
, Miss.,
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.
10.
Boyle
,
W. C.
,
Ham
,
R. K.
,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
Liu
,
T.
,
Loper
,
C. R.
, Jr.
,
Nanninga
,
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, and
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,
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, “
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11.
Houle
,
M.
,
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,
D.
,
Bell
,
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,
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,
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, and
Soyland
,
J.
,
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,
National Conference About Hazardous Waste Management
,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
02
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, pp. 90-107.
12.
Mahloch
,
J. L.
,
Averett
,
D. E.
,
Bartos
,
M. J.
, “
Pollutant Potential of Raw and Chemically Fixed Hazardous Industrial Wastes and Flue Gas Desulfurization Sludges
,” Interim Report, EPA-600/2-76-182,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
, Cincinnati, Ohio,
07
1976
.
13.
Taub
,
S. I.
and
Mullen
,
H.
,
Proceedings
,
National Conference on Disposal of Residues on Land
,
09
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, pp. 121-127.
14.
Thompson
,
D. E.
, “
Elutriate Test Evaluation of Chemically Stabilized Waste Materials
,” EPA-600/2-79-154,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Cincinnati, Ohio
,
08
1979
.
15.
Lowenbach
,
W.
, “
Compilation and Evaluation of Leaching Test Methods
,” EPA-600/2-78-095,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
05
1978
.
16.
Ham
,
R.
,
Anderson
,
M. A.
,
Stegmann
,
R.
, and
Stanforth
,
R.
, “
Background Study on the Development of a Standard Leaching Test
,” EPA-600/2-79-109,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Cincinnati, Ohio
,
05
1979
.
17.
Ham
,
R.
,
Anderson
,
M. A.
,
Stegmann
,
R.
, and
Stanforth
,
R.
, “
Comparison of Three Waste Leaching Tests
,” pre-publication report,
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
, Cincinnati, Ohio,
09
1978
.
18.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
, “
Toxicant Extraction Procedure
,” informal draft,
01
03
1978
.
19.
Weeter
,
D.
and
Phillips
,
H. L.
,
Structural and Leaching Aspects of Testing Fixated Solid Wastes via the Toxicant Extraction Procedure
,
Office of Environmental Policy Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
,
Oak Ridge, Tenn.
,
02
1979
.
20.
Letter to
Lehman
J.
, Director,
Hazardous Waste Management, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Washington, D.C.
, from
Cary Perket, Task Force Chairman
, and
Malloy
B. C.
, Chairman,
ASTM Subcommittee
 D19.12,
08
05
1979
.
21.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Federal Register
, Vol.
45
, No.
98
,
19
05
1980
, pp. 33063-33285.
22.
Fisher
,
S. A.
,
Proceedings
,
First Annual Conference of Applied Research and Practice on Municipal and Industrial Waste
,
Madison, Wis.
,
09
1978
, pp. 1-6.
23.
Engineering Science
, “
Phase I Progress Report ASTM D19.12 Collaborative Test Program
,”
American Society for Testing and Materials
, Subcommittee D19.12,
01
1979
.
24.
Gulledge
,
W. P.
and
Webster
,
W. C.
,
ASTM Leachate Test Evaluation Program
, Report FP-1183,
Electric Power Research Institute
, Palo Alto, Calif.,
09
1979
.
25.
Engineering Science
, “
Phase II Collaborative Test Program: Analysis of Selected Trace Metals in Leachate from Selected Fossil Energy Materials
,” Final Report,
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Co-Utilization
, Washington, D.C. and Laramie, Wyo.,
01
1980
.
26.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Federal Register
, Vol.
43
, No.
243
,
18
12
1978
, pp. 58946-59028.
27.
Webster
,
W. C.
,
Jackson
,
K. F.
, and
Paule
,
R. C.
, “
Phase II Supplemental Leaching Program: Analysis of Selected Trace Metals in Leachate from Reference Fly Ash
,” Final Report,
U.S. Department of Energy
, Laramie, Wyo.,
12
1980
.
28.
NUS Corporation
, “
Evaluation of Solid Waste Extraction Procedures and Various Hazard Identification Tests
,” Final Report,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
09
1979
.
29.
Bause
,
D. E.
and
McGregor
,
K. T.
, “
Comparison of Four Leachate-Generation Procedures for Solid Waste Characterization in Environmental Assessment Programs
,” EPA-600/7-80-118,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
05
1980
.
30.
Rose
,
S. J.
,
Dane
,
J.
,
Eynon
,
B.
, and
Switzer
,
P.
, “
Extraction Procedure and Utility Industry Solid Waste
,” Final Report, Project 1487, EA 1667,
Electric Power Research Institute
, Palo Alto, Calif.,
01
1981
.
31.
Warner
,
J. S.
,
Hidy
,
B. J.
,
Jungclaus
,
G. A.
,
McKown
,
M. M.
,
Miller
,
M. P.
, and
Riggin
,
R. M.
, this publication, pp. 40-60.
32.
Groenewold
,
G. H.
,
Cherry
,
J. A.
,
Manz
,
O. E.
,
Hassett
,
D. J.
,
Rehm
,
B. W.
, and
Gullicks
,
H.
, “
Potential Effects on Groundwater of Fly Ash and FGD Waste Disposal in Lignite Surface Mine Pits in North Dakota
,”
Symposium on Flue Gas Desulfurization, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Houston, Tex.
,
10
1980
.
33.
Lee
,
R. E.
, Jr.
,
Crist
,
H. L.
,
Riley
,
A. E.
, and
MacLeod
,
K. E.
, “
Concentration and Size of Trace Metal Emissions from a Power Plant, a Steel Plant, and a Cotton Gin
,”
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Research Triangle Park, N.C.
, Vol.
9
, No. 7,
07
1975
.
34.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Manual of Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Waste
,
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
,
Cincinnati, Ohio
,
1974
.
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