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Intrachoroidal cavitation in myopic eyes

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the incidence and characteristics of intrachoroidal cavitation (ICC) in the eyes with high myopia.

Methods

In this retrospective, non-interventional, comparative study, we analysed the case records of 108 eyes with and without pathological myopia (PM). PM was defined as having a refractive error (spherical equivalent) of ≥ − 6.0 D or axial length ≥ 26 mm. The presence of other features like posterior vitreous detachment, myopic traction maculopathy, posterior staphyloma, focal/patchy chorioretinal atrophy (CRA), choroidal neovascularisation and retinoschisis was looked for on OCT. The association of these features with ICC was analysed using statistical tests.

Results

In this study, 38 out of 68 eyes with PM and 4 out of 40 eyes with non-PM showed the bowing of the posterior sclera and the presence of ICC. On statistical analysis with Chi-square test and multiple variable linear regression analysis tests, it was identified that the presence of focal/patchy CRA (p = 0.005) and intrascleral vessels (p = 0.018) in and around the cavitation was important features noted in eyes with ICC. The OCT features of macular and peripapillary ICC were similar. The transudation of fluid from the dilated intrascleral vessels in and around the ICC could be one other mechanism responsible for the development of ICC.

Conclusion

ICC is seen in 55.8% of highly myopic eyes with the presence of focal CRA or myopic conus and/or presence of intrascleral vessels near the cavitation. These findings suggest that patchy atrophy affects the scleral contour within posterior staphyloma beyond the funduscopically identified patchy atrophy by ICC. The presence of intrascleral vessels could also contribute to the ICC development. Eyes with patchy CRA or myopic conus needs to be checked on further follow-up visits for the development of macular or peripapillary ICC.

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Abbreviations

PM:

Pathological myopia

OCT:

Optical coherence tomography

ICC:

Intrachoroidal cavitation

MTM:

Myopic traction maculopathy

CNV:

Choroidal neovascularisation

CRA:

Chorioretinal atrophy

PVD:

Posterior vitreous detachment

PS:

Posterior staphyloma

SE:

Spherical equivalent

AL:

Axial length

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Retina and Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R Block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560080, India

    Ramesh Venkatesh, Kushagra Jain, Aditya Aseem, Sabitabh Kumar & Naresh Kumar Yadav

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  1. Ramesh Venkatesh
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  2. Kushagra Jain
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  3. Aditya Aseem
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  4. Sabitabh Kumar
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  5. Naresh Kumar Yadav
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Contributions

Authors’ contributions

RV helped in conceptualising the study, data acquisition, analysing the data, interpreting the findings, writing and reviewing the manuscript; NKY involved in reviewing the manuscript; KAJ, ASM and SBH helped in data acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramesh Venkatesh.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Approval obtained from the Hospital institutional review board and ethics committee.

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The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form, the patient has given his consent for his/her images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

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The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Venkatesh, R., Jain, K., Aseem, A. et al. Intrachoroidal cavitation in myopic eyes. Int Ophthalmol 40, 31–41 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-019-01146-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-019-01146-0

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