| Irish (Gaeilge) |
| iA, a( a ) aaaB, b( b ) aaaC, c( k ) aaaD, d( d ) aaaE, e( e ) aaaF, f( f ) aaaG, g( g ) aaaH, h( h ) aaaI. i( i ) iL, l( l ) aaaaM. m( m ) iaN. n( n) aaaiO, o( o ) aaaP, p( p ) aaaR, r( r ) aaiS, s( s ) aaiiiiT, t( t ) aaaaU, u( u ) |
| (+) (a ) - in English (+) j, k, q, v, w, x, y and z - not occur in native Irish |
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| ia [ a ] - tap zzzaá [ aw, aù ] - saw zzzae [ e ] - let zzzaé [ ay, eù ] - say zzzai [ i ] - tin zzzaí [ee, iù ] - feel zzzao [ u, o ] - much ió [ o, où ] note iau [ u ] - bull zzzaú [ oo, uù ] - tool |
| (x)[ a ] - in IPA |
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| iia [ ia ] - Maria zzzaua [ oa, ua ] - Kahlua zzzaeu [ Ea ] - air zzzaae [ ae, ei ] - Gaelic zzzaao [ iu ] - - - iéo [ yo, jo ] - yo-yo zzzaiu [ ew, ju ] - few zzzaái [ awi ] - - - zzzaéi [ ei ] - - - zzzaói [ oe. oi ] - joey iúi [ ooe, ui ] - hooey zzzaúi [ ooe, ui ] - hooey zzzaeá [ aa, aù ] - - - zzzaío [ ee, iù ] - deer zzzaío [ ee, iù ] - deer iai.ea [ a, ai ] - far zzzaei [ E ] - eh zzzaoi [ uhe, o_ ] - eh zzzaio, ui [ i ] - ill zzzaeo [ uh, o_ ] - dull iai [ ee, iù ] - feel |
| iaoi [ ee, iù ] - see zzzaeoi [ ohi, i ] - - - zzzaeái [ aai, ai ] - - - zzzaiæi [ eeahe, iQi ] - - - zzzauai [ ooi, ui ] - - - iiui [ ewi, iui ] - - - |
| a Broad Consonants |
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| ib [ b ] zzzac [ k ] zzzad [ d ] zzzaf [ f ] zzzag [ g ] zzzah [ h ] zzzal [ l ] zzzam [ m ] zzzan [ n ] zzzap [ p ] zzzar [ r ] zzzas [ s ] it [ t ] |
| (+) preceded / followed by a, o and u |
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| a Slender Consonants |
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| ib [ bJ ] zzzac [ kJ ] zzzad [ DJ ] zzzaf [ fJ ] zzzag [ ÄJ ] zzzah [ h ] zzzal [ lJ ] zzzam [ mJ ] zzzan [ ø ] zzzap [ pJ ] zzzar [ rJ ] is [ SJ, sJ ] zzzat [ ÿJ ] |
| (+) preceded / followed by e and i |
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| a Lenition (séimhiú) |
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| ibh [ w, v ] zzzach [ x ] zzzadh [ j, Ä ] zzzafh [ O ] zzzagh [ j, Ä ] zzzamh [ w, v ] zzzaph [ f ] zzzash [ h ] zzzath [ h ] |
| a Eclipsis (urú) |
|---|
| imb [ m ] zzzagc [ g ] zzzand [ ² ] zzzabhf [ v ] zzzang [ N ] zzzabp [ b ] zzzadt [ d ] |
| aaEnglish | aaIrish | aWelsh | aaJapanese (+) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hello / Cheers! | Dia duit / sláinte! | Helo, Helô, Hylô / Iechyd da! | Kon-nichiwa / Kanpai! |
| I do not understand | ní thuigim | Dydw i ddim yn deall | Wakarima-sen |
| Do you speak... | an labharann tú... | Ydych chi'n siarad ... | ...go o hanase masu-ka |
| What is your name? | cad is ainm duit? | Beth ydy'ch henw chi? | Namae-wa nanto iimasu-ka? |
| What is this? | cad é seo? | Beth ydy hyn? | Korewa nandesu-ka? |
| Do you have... | an bfhuil ... agat | Oes ... gyda chi, Oes gen ti... | ...wa arimasu-ka? |
| What time is it? | cén t-am é? | Beth ydy'r amser? | Nanji desu-ka? |
| Happy birthday! | breith lá shona duit! | Penblwydd Hapus i chwi! | Tanjyoobi omedetoo! |
| English / French | Béarla / Fraincís | Saesneg / Ffrangeg | Eigo / Furansugo |
| German / Spanish | Gearmánais / Spáinis | Almaeneg / Sbaeneg | Doitsugo / Supeingo |
| Irish(Gaeilge) - closely related to Manx (Gaelg Vanninagh) and Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig na h-Alba) - is one of the Goidelic languages of Celtic language family and mainly spoken in Ireland(Éire). Irish is given recognition by the Constitution of Ireland as the first official language of the Republic of Ireland (with English being a second official language). There are three main dialects of Irish: Munster(An Mhumhain) Irish, Connacht(Connachta) Irish and Ulster(Ulaidh) irish. The Irish language came to Ireland along with the Celtic tribes from around 600 BC and so Irish Gaelic has similarities to other Celtic Languages such as Welsh, Breton, Scottish Gaelic and Manx. |
| Breton (Ar Brezhoneg) |
| aaEnglish | aaBreton | iCornish | aaJapanese (+) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thank you | Trugarez, Mersi dit, Trugéré, Trugaré | Meur ras | Arigatoo |
| Thank you very much | Trugarez Vras | Meur ras | Arigatoo gozai-masu |
| How are you? | Mont a ra? Mont a ra ganeoc'h? | Fatla genes? | Ogenki-desu ka? |
| You are welcome | Gant plijadur | Wolkomm os | Doo itashimashi-te |
| Good morning | Demat | Myttin da | Ohayoo gozai-masu |
| Good afternoon | Demat | Dohajydh da | Kon-nichiwa |
| Good evening | Abardaevezh vat | Gorthugher da | Kon-banwa |
| Good night | Nozvat | Nos dha | Oyasumi nasai |
| Good-bye | Kenavo | Dha weles | Sayoonara |
| Excuse me | Digarezit ac'hanonon, Iskuzit ac'hanon | Gav dhymm | Sumimasen |
| Please | Mar plij | Marpleg, Mara Pleg | Doozo |
| Yes / No | Ya / Nann | Ya / Na | Hai / Iie |
| zero / one / two | mann / unan / daou, div | mann / onan, unn / dew, diw | zero(rei) / ichi / ni |
| three / four / five | tri, teir / pevar, peder / pemp | tri, teyr / peswar, peder / pymp | san / yon(shi) / go |
| six / seven / eight | c'hwec'h / seizh / eizh | hwegh / seyth / eth | roku / nana(shichi) / hachi |
| nine / ten | nav / dek | naw / deg | kyuu / jyuu |
| On-line Breton Dictionary | |||
| iA, a(a) aaB, b(be) aaCh, ch(che) aaC'h, c'h(c'he) aaD, d(de) aaE, e(e) aaF, f(ef) aaG, g(ge) aaH, h(ach) aaI. i(i) aaJ, j(ji) iK, k(ka) aaL, l(el) aaM. m(em) aaN. n(en) aaO, o(o) aaP, p(pe) aaR, r(er) aaS, s(es) aaT, t(te) aaU, u(u) aaV, v(ve) iW, w(daou-ve) aaY, y(ye) aaZ, z(zed) |
| ia [ a, Ã ] - man zzzae [ E ] - été (Fr.) zzzai [ i, I ] - pig zzzao [ , o ] - lot zzzau [ Y, y ] - zoo iae [ e ] zzzaao [ ] zzzaeo [ e ] zzzaeu [ ¿, O ] zzzaou [ u ] zzzaoù [ u, o, U ] zzzaañ [ a)] zzzaeñ [ e)] zzzaeuñ [ Y)] iiñ [ E)] zzzaoñ [ )] zzzauñ [ ¿)] |
| (x) [ a ] - in IPA |
|---|
| ib [ b ] - boy zzzach [ S ] - machine zzzac'h [ x ] - mach (Ge.) zzzad [ d ] - do zzzaf [ f ] - free zzzag [g ] - go ign [ ø ] - pagne (Fr.) zzzah [ h ] happy zzzaj [ Z ] - treasure zzzak [ k ] - kind zzzal [ l ] - like zzzalh [ ´ ] - caballo (Sp.) im [ m ] - me zzzan [ n ] - no zzzap [ p ] - please zzzar [ r ] - roue (Fr.) zzzas [ s ] - snake zzzat [ t ] - tea iv [ v, f, w ] - virtual zzzaw [ w ] - west zzzay [ j ] - yet zzzaz, zh [ z ] - zebra |
| Initial | Soft | Spirant | Hard | Mixed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| zzzap [ p ] | zzzab [ b ] | f [ f ] | - | - |
| zzzat [ t ] | zzzad [ d ] | zzzzaz [ z ] | - | - |
| zzzak [ k ] | zzzag [ g ] | zzzac'h [ k ] | - | - |
| zzzab [ b ] | zzzav [ v ] | - | zzzap [ p ] | zzzav [ v ] |
| zzzad [ d ] | zzzaz [ z ] | - | zzzat [ t ] | zzzat [ t ] |
| zzzag [ g ] | c'h [ x ] | - | zzzak [ k ] | c'h [ x ] |
| zzzagw [ gw ] | zzzaw [ w ] | - | zzzakw [ kw ] | zzzaw [ w ] |
| zzzam [ m ] | zzzav [ v ] | - | - | zzzav [ v ] |
| aaEnglish | aaBreton | aCornish | aJapanese (+) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hello | Demat, salud dit | Dydh da, Hou | Kon-nichiwa |
| Cheers! | Yec'hed mat! (Good health!) | Yeghes da! Sowena! | Kanpai! |
| I do not understand | Ne gomprenan ket | Ny gonvedhav | Wakarima-sen |
| Do you speak... | Komz a rit ... | A wodhes kewsel ... | ...go o hanase masu-ka |
| What is your name? | Petra eo da anv? Pe anv out? | Pandra yw dha hanow? | Namae-wa nanto iimasu-ka? |
| What is this? | Petra eo? | Pandra yw hemma? Pyth yw hemma? | Korewa nandesu-ka? |
| Do you have... | Daoust hag eñ ho peus ... | A werthir ... | ...wa arimasu-ka? |
| What time is it? | Pet eur eo? | Py eur yw hi? | Nanji desu-ka? |
| Happy birthday! | Deiz ha Bloaz Laouen! | Pennbloedh lowen! | Tanjyoobi omedetoo! |
| English / French | Saozneg / Galleg | Sowsnek / Frynkek | Eigo / Furansugo |
| German / Spanish | Alamaneg / Spagnoleg | Almaynek / Spaynek | Doitsugo / Supeingo |
| aEnglish | aaBreton | aCornish | aJapanese (+) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sunday | Disul | Dy Sul | Nichiyoo-bi |
| Monday | Dilun | Dy Lun | Getsuyoo-bi |
| Tuesday | Dimeurzh | Dy Meurth | Kayoo-bi |
| Wednesday | Dimerc'her | Dy Mergher | Suiyoo-bi |
| Thursday | Diriaou | Dy Yow | Mokuyoo-bi |
| Friday | Digwener | Dy Gwener | Kinyoo-bi |
| Saturday | Disadorn | Dy Sadorn | Doyoo-bi |
| January | Miz Genver | Mis Genver | Ichi-gatsu |
| February | Miz C'hwevrer | Mis Hwevrer | Ni-gatsu |
| March | Miz Meurzh | Mis Meurth | San-gatsu |
| April | Miz Ebrel | Mis Ebryl | Shi-gatsu |
| May | Miz Mae | Mis Me | Go-gatsu |
| June | Miz Mezheven | Mis Metheven | Roku-gatsu |
| July | Miz Gouere | Mis Gortheren | Shichi-gatsu |
| August | Miz Eost | Mis Est | Hachi-gatsu |
| September | Miz Gwengolo | Mis Gwynngala | Ku-gatsu |
| October | Miz Here | Mis Hedra | Jyuu-gatsu |
| November | Miz Du | Mis Du | Jyuuichi-gatsu |
| December | Miz Kerzu | Mis Kevardhu | Jyuuni-gatsu |
| Spring | (an) Nevez-Amzer | Gwenton | Haru |
| Summer | (an) Hañv | Hav | Natsu |
| Autumn | (an) Diskar-Amzer | Kynyav | Aki |
| Winter | (ar) Goañv | Gwav | Fuyu |
| Day | (an) Deiz | Dydh, Jorna | Hi, Nichi |
| Week | (ar) Sizhun | Seythun | Shuu |
| Month | (ar) Miz | Mis | Tsuki |
| Year | (ar) Bloaz | Blydhen | Nen, Toshi |
| Today | Hiziv | Hedhyw | Kyoo |
| Yesterday | Dec'h | De | Kinoo |
| Tomorrow | Warc'hoazh | Avorow | Asu, Ashita |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) - closely related Cornish and Welsh - is a Celtic language( the Brythonic branch of Insular Celtic family) spoken mainly in West Brittany(Breizh = Little Britain) and Loire- Atlantique in France. In East Brittany Gallo - one of the Romance language - is spoken. Breton is the only living Celtic language and not recognised as an official language of France. Breton has four main dialects: Leoneg in Brest area, Tregereg in Tréguier area, Kerneveg in Quimper area and Qwenedeg in Vannes area. |
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