Abstract
An ancient saying goes that the sky is black, the earth is yellow, and the universe is vast and boundless; the sun is straight and slant, the moon may wax or wane, and the stars are interspersed in the endless space. It shows the understanding of the vast universe and desire of exploring the mysterious space for ancient Chinese. With the development of space technology, the illusory dream of space travel has come true, making humanity truly free from the gravity of the earth and step into an unpredictable vast new world. Standing in space, the earth is only like a drop in the ocean. What will happen to the structure of human body when out of the earth’s “microenvironment,” in which we are constantly evolving and perfectly adapting over millions of years? And which way should we take to realize the physiological function adjustment and adapt the huge change of living environment? These are problems that need to be studied and solved for the human’s developing space travel. Thus, this proposal requires the researchers to inspect the “eye” in such special environment from the perspective of integrative medicine. In addition to the impact of radiation on the local part of the eye, as part of the body, the eye is bound to suffer from the secondary effects due to the changes of blood circulation of the whole body under the state of vacuum and microgravity. At the same time, through the study on the structure and function changes of the eye and body in such special environment, we are offered a unique “model” to enable us to acquire a better understanding and knowledge of the current diseases.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Gopalakrishnan R, Genc KO, Rice AJ, et al. Muscle volume, strength, endurance, and exercise loads during 6-month missions in space. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2010;81:91–102.
Keyak JH, Koyama AK, LeBlanc A, et al. Reduction in proximal femoral strength due to long-duration spaceflight. Bone. 2009;44:449–53.
Stenger MB, Brown AK, Lee SM, et al. Gradient compression garments as a countermeasure to post-spaceflight orthostatic intolerance. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2010;81:883–7.
Bock O, Weigelt C, Bloomberg JJ. Cognitive demand of human sensorimotor performance during an extended space mission: a dual-task study. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2010;81:819–24.
Reschke MF, Bloomberg JJ, Paloski WH, et al. Postural reflexes, balance control, and functional mobility with long-duration head-down bed rest. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009;80(Suppl 5):A45–54.
Smith SM, Zwart SR. Nutritional biochemistry of spaceflight. Adv Clin Chem. 2008;46:87–130.
Crucian BE, Stowe RP, Pierson DL, et al. Immune system dysregulation following short vs. long duration spaceflight. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2008;79:835–43.
Payne MW, Williams DR, Trudel G. Space flight rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;86:583–91.
Chylack LT Jr, Peterson LE, Feiveson AH, et al. NASA study of cataract in astronauts (NASCA). Report 1:Cross-sectional study of the relationship of exposure to space radiation and risk of lens opacity. Radiat Res. 2009;172:10–20.
Zhang LF, Hargens AR. Intraocular/intracranial pressure mismatch hypothesis for visual impairment syndrome in space. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014;85:78–80.
Mader TH, Gibson CR, Pass AF, et al. Optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal folds, and hyperopic shifts observed in astronauts after long-duration space flight. Ophthalmology. 2011;118:2058–69.
Kramer LA, Sargsyan AE, Hasan KM, et al. Orbital and intracranial effects of microgravity: findings at 3-T MR imaging. Radiology. 2012;263:819–27.
Pavy-Le Traon A, Heer M, et al. From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986–2006). Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007;101(2):143–94.
Watenpaugh DE, Hargens AR. The cardiovascular system in microgravity. In: Handbook of physiology: environmental physiology. New York: American Physiological Society; 1996. p. 631–74.
Ventura LM, Golubev I, Lee W, et al. Head-down posture induces PERG alterations in early glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2013;22(3):255–64.
Kaeser P, Orgul S, Zawinka C, et al. Influence of change in body position on choroidal blood flow in normal subjects. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89:1302–5.
Longo A, Geiser MH, Riva CE. Posture changes and subfoveal choroidal blood flow. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:546–51.
Xu X, Cao R, Tao Y, et al. Intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure in myopes during 21 min head-down rest. Aviat Space Eviron Med. 2010;81:418–22.
Prata TS, De Moraes CG, Kanadani FN, et al. Posture-induced intraocular pressure changes: considerations regarding body position in glaucoma patients. Surv Ophthalmol. 2010;55:445–53.
Mader TH, Gibson CR, Caputo M, et al. Intraocular pressure and retinal vascular changes during transient exposure to microgravity. Am J Ophthalmol. 1993;115:347–50.
Chiquet C, Custaud MA, Le Traon AP, et al. Changes in intraocular pressure during prolonged (7-day) head-down tilt bed rest. J Glaucoma. 2003;12:204–8.
Taibbi G, Kaplowitz K, Cromwell RL, et al. Effects of 30-day head-down bed rest on ocular structures and visual function in a healthy subject. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2013;84(2):148–54.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. and People's Medical Publishing House, PR of China
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Li, J., Chen, W., Wang, N., Cheng, G. (2020). The Influence of Microgravity to Pathology and Physiology of the Eye. In: Wang, N. (eds) Integrative Ophthalmology. Advances in Visual Science and Eye Diseases, vol 3. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7896-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7896-6_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-7895-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-7896-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)